Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to synthesize literature investigating the relationship between type 2 #diabetes (T2D) and obstructive airway diseases and to identify implications for clinical care.
Recent findings: Type 2 diabetes is a common and challenging comorbidity in patients with #asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (#COPD ). Basic, translational and clinical studies support a bidirectional association between T2D and the lung. In animal models and human studies, insulin resistance and hyperglycemia are associated with pulmonary inflammation, respiratory exacerbation risk and disease severity. Corticosteroids are a mainstay for respiratory disease control and exacerbation treatment but promote ongoing metabolic dysregulation. Randomized, placebo-controlled trials of glucose-lowering medications for asthma are actively ongoing. Additional studies addressing clinical pathways to co-manage respiratory and metabolic risk are needed. Patients with comorbid T2D and asthma or COPD are at risk for worse outcomes. There are opportunities to improve cross-disciplinary care, potentially reducing risk and multimorbidity associated with both conditions.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11892-026-01625-6
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