Tag: mortality

Diet

Association of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat #Diets With #Mortality Among US Adults

..Overall low-carbohydrate-diet and low-fat-diet scores were not associated with total mortality. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for total mortality per 20-percentile increase in dietary scores were 1.07 (95% CI, 1.02-1.11; P = .01 for trend) for unhealthy low-carbohydrate-diet score, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.87-0.95; P < .001 for trend) for healthy low-carbohydrate-diet score, 1.06 (95% CI, 1.01-1.12; P = .04 for trend) for unhealthy low-fat-diet score, and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.85-0.93; P < .001 for … Continue reading Association of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat #Diets With #Mortality Among US Adults

aledopress
Diet, Oncology

Prevalence and clinical implications of #sarcopenic obesity in patients with solid tumours of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts: a population-based study

Emerging evidence on body composition suggests that sarcopenic obesity (obesity with depleted muscle mass) might be predictive of morbidity and mortality in non-malignant disease and also of toxicity to chemotherapy.. ..Available lumbar CT images of the obese patients were analysed for total skeletal muscle cross-sectional area; these values were also used to estimate total body fat-free mass (FFM).. ..Sarcopenic obesity was associated with poorer functional … Continue reading Prevalence and clinical implications of #sarcopenic obesity in patients with solid tumours of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts: a population-based study

aledopress
Infectivology

Predictors of #mortality of #influenza virus infections in a Swiss Hospital during four influenza seasons: Role of quick sequential organ failure assessment

..Thirty-day mortality was 6.0% (25 patients). Multivariate analysis revealed that infection due to A virus (P 0.035; OR 7.1; 95% CI 1.1–43.8), malnutrition (P < 0.001; OR 25.0; 95% CI 4.5–138.8), hospital-acquired infection (P 0.003; OR 12.2; 95% CI 2.3–65.1), respiratory insufficiency (PaO2/FiO2 < 300) (P < 0.001; OR 125.8; 95% CI 9.6–1648.7) and pulmonary infiltrate on X-ray (P 0.020; OR 6.0; 95% CI 1.3–27.0) … Continue reading Predictors of #mortality of #influenza virus infections in a Swiss Hospital during four influenza seasons: Role of quick sequential organ failure assessment

aledopress
Gerontology, Pneumology

Characteristics of Patients Experiencing Rehospitalization or Death After Hospital Discharge in a Nationwide Outbreak of #E-cigarette, or #Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injury — United States, 2019

Some patients hospitalized for e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury (EVALI) have been rehospitalized or have died after hospital discharge.. ..Compared with other EVALI patients, rehospitalized patients and patients who died after hospital discharge were more likely to have one or more chronic conditions, including cardiac disease, chronic pulmonary disease, and diabetes, and to be older. At least one quarter of rehospitalizations and deaths … Continue reading Characteristics of Patients Experiencing Rehospitalization or Death After Hospital Discharge in a Nationwide Outbreak of #E-cigarette, or #Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injury — United States, 2019

aledopress
Environment

Association Between #Automotive Assembly Plant Closures and #Opioid Overdose Mortality in the United States

..Automotive assembly plant closures are culturally significant events that substantially erode local economic opportunities. ..Automotive assembly plant closures were associated with statistically significant increases in opioid overdose mortality. Five years after a plant closure, mortality rates had increased by 8.6 opioid overdose deaths per 100 000 individuals (95% CI, 2.6-14.6; P = .006) in exposed counties compared with unexposed counties, an 85% increase relative to the mortality rate … Continue reading Association Between #Automotive Assembly Plant Closures and #Opioid Overdose Mortality in the United States

aledopress
Gerontology, Sports

Association of #Step Volume and Intensity With All-Cause #Mortality in Older Women

A goal of 10 000 steps/d is commonly believed by the public to be necessary for health, but this number has limited scientific basis.. ..In spline analysis, HRs were observed to decline progressively with higher mean steps per day until approximately 7500 steps/d, after which they leveled. For measures of stepping intensity, higher intensities were associated with significantly lower mortality rates; however, after adjusting for steps … Continue reading Association of #Step Volume and Intensity With All-Cause #Mortality in Older Women

aledopress
Cardiology, Environment

Birth #month, birth season, and overall and cardiovascular disease #mortality in US women: prospective cohort study

..In fully adjusted multivariable analyses, no significant association was observed between birth month, birth season, and overall mortality. Compared with women born in November, increased cardiovascular disease mortality was observed among those born from March to July (hazard ratio for March, 1.09, 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 1.21; April, 1.12, 1.00 to 1.24; May, 1.08, 0.98 to 1.20; June, 1.07, 0.96 to 1.19; and July … Continue reading Birth #month, birth season, and overall and cardiovascular disease #mortality in US women: prospective cohort study

aledopress
Pneumology

Comparisons of exacerbations and mortality among regular inhaled therapies for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis

..Compared with placebo, all drug classes significantly reduced the total exacerbations and moderate to severe exacerbations. ICS/LAMA/LABA was the most efficacious treatment for reducing the exacerbation risk (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57; 95% credible interval [CrI] 0.50–0.64; posterior probability of OR > 1 [P(OR > 1)] < 0.001). In addition, in contrast to the other drug classes, ICS/LAMA/LABA and ICS/LABA were associated with a significantly … Continue reading Comparisons of exacerbations and mortality among regular inhaled therapies for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis

aledopress
Cardiology

Association of #troponin level and age with #mortality in 250 000 patients: cohort study across five UK acute care centres

.. A positive troponin result (that is, higher than the upper limit of normal) signified a 3.2 higher mortality hazard (95% confidence interval 3.1 to 3.2) over three years. Mortality varied noticeably with age, with a hazard ratio of 10.6 (8.5 to 13.3) in 18-29 year olds and 1.5 (1.4 to 1.6) in those older than 90. A positive troponin result was associated with an … Continue reading Association of #troponin level and age with #mortality in 250 000 patients: cohort study across five UK acute care centres

aledopress
Diet

Relationship of #nutritional status, #inflammation, and serum #albumin levels during acute illness: A prospective study

Low serum albumin levels resulting from inflammation-induced capillary leakage or disease-related anorexia during acute illness are associated with poor outcomes. We investigated the relationship of nutritional status and inflammation with low serum albumin levels and 30-day mortality in a large cohort. ..Of 2,465 patients, 1,019 (41%) had low serum albumin levels (<34 g/L), 619 (25.1%) had increased nutritional risk (NRS 2002 ≥3), and 1,086 (44.1%) … Continue reading Relationship of #nutritional status, #inflammation, and serum #albumin levels during acute illness: A prospective study

aledopress
Gerontology, Sports

The Predictive Performance of Objective Measures of #physical Activity Derived From Accelerometry Data for 5-Year All-Cause Mortality in #Older Adults: National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2003–2006

Declining physical activity (PA) is a hallmark of aging. Wearable technology provides reliable measures of the frequency, duration, intensity, and timing of PA.. In univariate logistic regression, the total activity count was the best predictor of 5-year mortality (Area under the Curve (AUC) = 0.771) followed by age (AUC = 0.758). Overall, 9 of the top 10 predictors were objective PA measures (AUC from 0.771 … Continue reading The Predictive Performance of Objective Measures of #physical Activity Derived From Accelerometry Data for 5-Year All-Cause Mortality in #Older Adults: National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2003–2006

aledopress