Tag: sleep

Gastroenterology, Infectivology, Neurology

Gut #microbiota depletion by chronic #antibiotic treatment alters the sleep/wake architecture and #sleep EEG power spectra in mice

Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota affects physiological processes, including brain functions, by altering the intestinal metabolism. Here we examined the effects of the gut microbiota on sleep/wake regulation. C57BL/6 male mice were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 4 weeks to deplete their gut microbiota. Metabolome profiling of cecal contents in antibiotic-induced microbiota-depleted (AIMD) and control mice showed significant variations in the metabolism of amino acids … Continue reading Gut #microbiota depletion by chronic #antibiotic treatment alters the sleep/wake architecture and #sleep EEG power spectra in mice

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Psychiatry

Assessment of Physician #Sleep and Wellness, #Burnout, and Clinically Significant Medical Errors

Sleep-related impairment in physicians is an occupational hazard associated with long and sometimes unpredictable work hours and may contribute to burnout and self-reported clinically significant medical error.. ..Of all physicians invited to participate in the survey, 7700 of 19 384 attending physicians (40%) and 3695 of 7257 house staff physicians (51%) completed sleep-related impairment items, including 5279 women (46%), 5187 men (46%), and 929 (8%) who … Continue reading Assessment of Physician #Sleep and Wellness, #Burnout, and Clinically Significant Medical Errors

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Gastroenterology, Infectivology

Gut #microbiota depletion by chronic antibiotic treatment alters the #sleep/wake architecture and sleep #EEG power spectra in mice

Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota affects physiological processes, including brain functions, by altering the intestinal metabolism. Here we examined the effects of the gut microbiota on sleep/wake regulation. C57BL/6 male mice were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 4 weeks to deplete their gut microbiota. Metabolome profiling of cecal contents in antibiotic-induced microbiota-depleted (AIMD) and control mice showed significant variations in the metabolism of amino acids … Continue reading Gut #microbiota depletion by chronic antibiotic treatment alters the #sleep/wake architecture and sleep #EEG power spectra in mice

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Partial and Total #Sleep Deprivation Interferes with Neural Correlates of Consolidation of #Fear Extinction #Memory

We assessed the impact of total and partial sleep loss on neural correlates of fear conditioning and extinction learning and recall in healthy young adults. Methods Participants (56.3% female, age 24.8±3.4) were randomized to a night of normal sleep (NS, n=48), sleep restriction (SR, n=53), or sleep deprivation (SD, n=53). All completed fear conditioning and extinction learning phases the following morning. Extinction recall was tested … Continue reading Partial and Total #Sleep Deprivation Interferes with Neural Correlates of Consolidation of #Fear Extinction #Memory

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Psychiatry

Losing Control: #Sleep Deprivation Impairs the Suppression of Unwanted #Thoughts

Unwanted memories often enter conscious awareness when individuals confront reminders. People vary widely in their talents at suppressing such memory intrusions; however, the factors that govern suppression ability are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that successful memory control requires sleep. Following overnight sleep or total sleep deprivation, participants attempted to suppress intrusions of emotionally negative and neutral scenes when confronted with reminders. The sleep-deprived … Continue reading Losing Control: #Sleep Deprivation Impairs the Suppression of Unwanted #Thoughts

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Psychiatry

#Sleep duration and affective reactivity to #stressors and positive events in daily life

Objective: Experimental evidence suggests that inadequate sleep disrupts next-day affective processing and evokes greater stress reactivity. However, less research has focused on whether sleep predicts next-day affective reactivity to naturally occurring stressors and positive events in daily life, as well as the reversed direction of association (i.e., affective reactivity to daily events as predictors of subsequent sleep). The purpose of this study was to evaluate … Continue reading #Sleep duration and affective reactivity to #stressors and positive events in daily life

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Endocrinology, Neurology

An atlas on risk factors for type 2 #diabetes: a wide-angled Mendelian randomisation study

..We found evidence of causal associations between 34 exposures (19 risk factors and 15 protective factors) and type 2 diabetes. Insomnia was identified as a novel risk factor (OR 1.17 [95% CI 1.11, 1.23]). The other 18 risk factors were depression, systolic BP, smoking initiation, lifetime smoking, coffee (caffeine) consumption, plasma isoleucine, valine and leucine, liver alanine aminotransferase, childhood and adulthood BMI, body fat percentage, … Continue reading An atlas on risk factors for type 2 #diabetes: a wide-angled Mendelian randomisation study

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Cardiology, Endocrinology, Hypertension, Pneumology

Associations of #Sleep Disordered #Breathing and Insomnia with Incident #Hypertension and #Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Rationale: Sleep disorders are associated with hypertension and diabetes, primary risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and mortality. It is important to understand these associations in Hispanics/Latinos, in whom cardiovascular death is the leading cause of mortality. Objectives: To investigate the prospective associations of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and insomnia with incident hypertension and diabetes among US Hispanics/Latinos over 6 years of follow-up and to assess … Continue reading Associations of #Sleep Disordered #Breathing and Insomnia with Incident #Hypertension and #Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

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Neurology

#Sleep Disturbance Forecasts β- #Amyloid Accumulation across Subsequent Years

Experimental sleep-wake disruption in rodents and humans causally modulates β-amyloid (Aβ) dynamics (e.g., [1, 2, 3]). This leads to the hypothesis that, beyond cross-sectional associations, impaired sleep structure and physiology could represent prospective biomarkers of the speed with which Aβ accumulates over time. Here, we test the hypothesis that initial baseline measures of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep slow-wave activity (SWA) and sleep quality (efficiency) … Continue reading #Sleep Disturbance Forecasts β- #Amyloid Accumulation across Subsequent Years

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Pediatry, Pneumology

American Academy of Pediatrics – Section on Pediatric #Pulmonology and #Sleep Medicine

1. Avoid stepping up asthma therapy (adding new drugs or going to higher doses) before assessing adherence, appropriateness of device, and technique with current asthma medications. 2. Do not use LABA/steroid combination drugs as initial therapy for intermittent or mild persistent asthma. 3. Avoid administering nebulized medications by “blow by,” or placing the mask or nebulizer tubing near the child’s nose and mouth rather than … Continue reading American Academy of Pediatrics – Section on Pediatric #Pulmonology and #Sleep Medicine

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Neurology

An electrophysiological marker of #arousal level in humans

Deep non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and general anesthesia with propofol are prominent states of reduced arousal linked to the occurrence of synchronized oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is also associated with diminished arousal levels, it is characterized by a desynchronized, ‘wake-like’ EEG. This observation implies that reduced arousal states are not necessarily only defined by synchronous oscillatory activity. … Continue reading An electrophysiological marker of #arousal level in humans

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Neurology, Psychiatry

The rich have one more thing you don’t: Better #sleep

..Of the adults surveyed, only 55% of people living below the poverty threshold received seven to eight hours of sleep per night. For adults making 400% above the poverty threshold, that number rose to 66.6%. In 2014, the poverty threshold was $11,670 for a single-person household and $23,850 for a four-person household. ..Sleep affects many aspects of well-being and quality of life for people of … Continue reading The rich have one more thing you don’t: Better #sleep

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