Tag: sleep

Psychiatry

#Sleep duration and affective reactivity to #stressors and positive events in daily life

Objective: Experimental evidence suggests that inadequate sleep disrupts next-day affective processing and evokes greater stress reactivity. However, less research has focused on whether sleep predicts next-day affective reactivity to naturally occurring stressors and positive events in daily life, as well as the reversed direction of association (i.e., affective reactivity to daily events as predictors of subsequent sleep). The purpose of this study was to evaluate … Continue reading #Sleep duration and affective reactivity to #stressors and positive events in daily life

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Endocrinology, Neurology

An atlas on risk factors for type 2 #diabetes: a wide-angled Mendelian randomisation study

..We found evidence of causal associations between 34 exposures (19 risk factors and 15 protective factors) and type 2 diabetes. Insomnia was identified as a novel risk factor (OR 1.17 [95% CI 1.11, 1.23]). The other 18 risk factors were depression, systolic BP, smoking initiation, lifetime smoking, coffee (caffeine) consumption, plasma isoleucine, valine and leucine, liver alanine aminotransferase, childhood and adulthood BMI, body fat percentage, … Continue reading An atlas on risk factors for type 2 #diabetes: a wide-angled Mendelian randomisation study

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Cardiology, Endocrinology, Hypertension, Pneumology

Associations of #Sleep Disordered #Breathing and Insomnia with Incident #Hypertension and #Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Rationale: Sleep disorders are associated with hypertension and diabetes, primary risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and mortality. It is important to understand these associations in Hispanics/Latinos, in whom cardiovascular death is the leading cause of mortality. Objectives: To investigate the prospective associations of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and insomnia with incident hypertension and diabetes among US Hispanics/Latinos over 6 years of follow-up and to assess … Continue reading Associations of #Sleep Disordered #Breathing and Insomnia with Incident #Hypertension and #Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

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Neurology

#Sleep Disturbance Forecasts β- #Amyloid Accumulation across Subsequent Years

Experimental sleep-wake disruption in rodents and humans causally modulates β-amyloid (Aβ) dynamics (e.g., [1, 2, 3]). This leads to the hypothesis that, beyond cross-sectional associations, impaired sleep structure and physiology could represent prospective biomarkers of the speed with which Aβ accumulates over time. Here, we test the hypothesis that initial baseline measures of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep slow-wave activity (SWA) and sleep quality (efficiency) … Continue reading #Sleep Disturbance Forecasts β- #Amyloid Accumulation across Subsequent Years

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Pediatry, Pneumology

American Academy of Pediatrics – Section on Pediatric #Pulmonology and #Sleep Medicine

1. Avoid stepping up asthma therapy (adding new drugs or going to higher doses) before assessing adherence, appropriateness of device, and technique with current asthma medications. 2. Do not use LABA/steroid combination drugs as initial therapy for intermittent or mild persistent asthma. 3. Avoid administering nebulized medications by “blow by,” or placing the mask or nebulizer tubing near the child’s nose and mouth rather than … Continue reading American Academy of Pediatrics – Section on Pediatric #Pulmonology and #Sleep Medicine

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Neurology

An electrophysiological marker of #arousal level in humans

Deep non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and general anesthesia with propofol are prominent states of reduced arousal linked to the occurrence of synchronized oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is also associated with diminished arousal levels, it is characterized by a desynchronized, ‘wake-like’ EEG. This observation implies that reduced arousal states are not necessarily only defined by synchronous oscillatory activity. … Continue reading An electrophysiological marker of #arousal level in humans

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Neurology, Psychiatry

The rich have one more thing you don’t: Better #sleep

..Of the adults surveyed, only 55% of people living below the poverty threshold received seven to eight hours of sleep per night. For adults making 400% above the poverty threshold, that number rose to 66.6%. In 2014, the poverty threshold was $11,670 for a single-person household and $23,850 for a four-person household. ..Sleep affects many aspects of well-being and quality of life for people of … Continue reading The rich have one more thing you don’t: Better #sleep

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Mild to moderate partial #sleep deprivation is associated with increased #impulsivity and decreased positive affect in young adults

The effects of mild–moderate partial sleep deprivation on affective and cognitive functioning were evaluated in a naturalistic home environment, mimicking short sleep typically caused by demands from work or society. A total of 52 healthy individuals aged 18–35 was included in an 11-day study protocol. Participants slept at home, and sleep patterns were observed using actigraphs and sleep diaries. After maintaining habitual sleep for 7 … Continue reading Mild to moderate partial #sleep deprivation is associated with increased #impulsivity and decreased positive affect in young adults

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Pneumology

Factors associated with #sleep disturbance in patients with chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease

Poor sleep quality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (#COPD ) has been associated with poor health outcomes. However, there is a lack of research on factors associated with sleep disturbance in patients with COPD.. This was a prospective, multicenter cross‐sectional study enrolling a sample of 245 COPD subjects. All patients completed the patient‐reported measure, the COPD and Asthma Sleep Impact Scale (CASIS) to … Continue reading Factors associated with #sleep disturbance in patients with chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease

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Neurology

Complementary contributions of non-REM and #REM sleep to visual #learning

Sleep is beneficial for learning. However, it remains unclear whether learning is facilitated by non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep or by REM sleep, whether it results from plasticity increases or stabilization, and whether facilitation results from learning-specific processing. Here, we trained volunteers on a visual task and measured the excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) balance in early visual areas during subsequent sleep as an index of … Continue reading Complementary contributions of non-REM and #REM sleep to visual #learning

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Risk factors of excessive daytime #sleepiness in a prospective population‐based cohort

Although excessive daytime sleepiness is commonly evaluated in clinical and research settings using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, few studies have assessed the factors associated with its incidence in the general population. We prospectively investigated the predictors of incident and persistent excessive daytime sleepiness in 2,751 subjects (46.1% men, mean age 56.0 ± 9.8 years) from the CoLaus‐PsyCoLaus population‐based cohort (Lausanne, Switzerland) over 5 years. Participants … Continue reading Risk factors of excessive daytime #sleepiness in a prospective population‐based cohort

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Neurology, Psychiatry

#Sleep patterns and #insomnia in a large population‐based study of middle‐aged and older adults: The Tromsø study 2015–2016

Epidemiological studies assessing adult sleep duration have yielded inconsistent findings and there are still large variations in estimation of insomnia prevalence according to the most recent diagnostic criteria. Our objective was to describe sleep patterns in a large population of middle‐aged and older adults, by employing accurate measures of both sleep duration and insomnia. Data stem from the Tromsø Study (2015–2016), an ongoing population‐based study … Continue reading #Sleep patterns and #insomnia in a large population‐based study of middle‐aged and older adults: The Tromsø study 2015–2016

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