Tag: Diabetes

Endocrinology, Nephrology

Effects of dapagliflozin on development and progression of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: an analysis from the DECLARE–TIMI 58 randomised trial

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have shown beneficial effects on renal outcomes mainly in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Here we report analyses of renal outcomes with the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in the DECLARE–TIMI 58 cardiovascular outcomes trial, which included patients with type 2 diabetes both with and without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and mostly with preserved renal function.. ..The trial took place between April … Continue reading Effects of dapagliflozin on development and progression of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: an analysis from the DECLARE–TIMI 58 randomised trial

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Endocrinology, Nephrology

Glycemic Status, Insulin Resistance, and the Risk of Nephrolithiasis: A Cohort Study

..During a median follow-up of 4.2 years, 6,904 participants developed nephrolithiasis. Associations between levels of glycemic status and incident nephrolithiasis were examined separately in men and women ( P for interaction = 0.003). Among men, multivariable-adjusted HRs for incident nephrolithiasis comparing glucose levels of 90-99, 100-125, and 126-<90 mg/dL were 1.10 (95% CI, 1.01-1.19), 1.11 (95% CI, 1.02-1.21), and 1.27 (95% CI, 1.10-1.46), respectively, while … Continue reading Glycemic Status, Insulin Resistance, and the Risk of Nephrolithiasis: A Cohort Study

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Diet, Endocrinology

Associations of iron markers with type 2 #diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome: Results from the prospective SHIP study

To assess the role of serum ferritin and transferrin with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and whether these associations are independent of inflammatory markers and hepatic enzymes.. Serum ferritin concentrations were associated with a higher prevalence of T2DM (total population OR: 1.16 [95% CI: 1.07, 1.26]; men OR: 1.18 [95% CI: 1.08, 1.30) and MetS (total population OR: … Continue reading Associations of iron markers with type 2 #diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome: Results from the prospective SHIP study

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Endocrinology, Oncology

#Metformin users with diabetes and individuals without #diabetes were at lower risk of overall cancer incidence than metformin non-users with diabetes based on the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort

Several studies have reported the preventive effect of metformin on cancer development. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between use of metformin and risk of cancer in Koreans.. ..A total of 323,430 subjects was enrolled (301,905 individuals without diabetes [No DM], 8,643 diabetic patients with metformin treatment [metformin users], and 12,882 diabetic patients without metformin treatment [metformin non-users]). The median follow-up period was 12.7 … Continue reading #Metformin users with diabetes and individuals without #diabetes were at lower risk of overall cancer incidence than metformin non-users with diabetes based on the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort

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Cardiology, Endocrinology

FDA approves new treatment for a type of heart failure

Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Farxiga (dapagliflozin) oral tablets for adults with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure. Heart failure occurs when the heart does not pump enough blood to support the body’s needs, and this type of heart failure happens when the heart’s main pumping chamber, the left ventricle, … Continue reading FDA approves new treatment for a type of heart failure

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Diet, Endocrinology

#Obesity, unfavourable lifestyle and genetic risk of type 2 #diabetes: a case-cohort study

Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and unfavourable lifestyle were associated with higher risk for incident type 2 diabetes regardless of genetic predisposition (p > 0.05 for GRS–obesity and GRS–lifestyle interaction). The effect of obesity on type 2 diabetes risk (HR 5.81 [95% CI 5.16, 6.55]) was high, whereas the effects of high genetic risk (HR 2.00 [95% CI 1.76, 2.27]) and unfavourable lifestyle (HR 1.18 [95% CI 1.06, 1.30]) … Continue reading #Obesity, unfavourable lifestyle and genetic risk of type 2 #diabetes: a case-cohort study

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Diet, Endocrinology

Association of Birth by Cesarean Delivery With #Obesity and Type 2 #Diabetes Among Adult Women

..After 1 913 978 person-years of follow-up, 12 156 (36.6%) women were obese and 2014 (6.1%) had received a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Women born by cesarean delivery were more likely to be classified as obese and to have received a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes during follow-up. The multivariable-adjusted relative risk of obesity among women born by cesarean vs vaginal delivery was 1.11 (95% CI, 1.03-1.19). … Continue reading Association of Birth by Cesarean Delivery With #Obesity and Type 2 #Diabetes Among Adult Women

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Cardiology, Endocrinology

Cardiac #Autoimmunity Is Associated With Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 1 #Diabetes Mellitus

The existence of a diabetic cardiomyopathy has been postulated to explain the increased risk of heart failure (HF) in patients with diabetes mellitus; however, whether mechanisms specific to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) affect the myocardium is unclear. We have recently shown that poor glycemic control in patients with T1DM followed in the DCCT (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial), but not in patients with type … Continue reading Cardiac #Autoimmunity Is Associated With Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 1 #Diabetes Mellitus

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Endocrinology, Environment, Sports

Hours lying down per day, as a proxy for sedentary behaviour and risk of #diabetes in young and middle-aged adults in Norway: an 11-year follow-up of the HUNT study

..362 individuals (2.1%) developed diabetes during an average of 11-year follow-up. Individuals who reported lying down ≥9 hours/day had an adjusted OR of 1.35 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.80) for incident diabetes compared with those lying down 8 hours/day. Lying down ≤7 hours/day was not associated with the risk of diabetes. In analysis stratified by physical activity, the ORs associated with lying down ≥9 hours/day were 1.41 (95% CI … Continue reading Hours lying down per day, as a proxy for sedentary behaviour and risk of #diabetes in young and middle-aged adults in Norway: an 11-year follow-up of the HUNT study

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Endocrinology, Gastroenterology

Type 2 #diabetes influences bacterial tissue compartmentalisation in human obesity

..Visceral obesity is a key risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whereas gut dysbiosis appears to be instrumental for this relationship, whether gut-associated signatures translocate to extra-intestinal tissues and how this affects host metabolism remain elusive ..We identified tissue-specific signatures with higher bacterial load in the liver and omental adipose tissue. Gut commensals, but also environmental bacteria, showed tissue- and T2D-specific compartmentalisation. T2D signatures … Continue reading Type 2 #diabetes influences bacterial tissue compartmentalisation in human obesity

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Endocrinology, Oncology

Similar #Breast Cancer Risk in Women Older Than 65 Years Initiating Glargine, Detemir, and NPH Insulins

To assess whether initiation of insulin glargine (glargine), compared with initiation of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) or insulin detemir (detemir), was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in women with diabetes.. Ever use of glargine was not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer compared with NPH (HR 0.97; 95% CI 0.88–1.06) or detemir (HR, 0.98; 95% CI 0.92–1.05). No increased risk … Continue reading Similar #Breast Cancer Risk in Women Older Than 65 Years Initiating Glargine, Detemir, and NPH Insulins

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Diet, Endocrinology, Neurology

Body #mass index, #diabetes, and the risk of #Parkinson’s disease

..A total of 33,443 individuals were diagnosed with PD during the follow‐up period (7.3 years). An increased risk of PD incidence was observed in the underweight group versus the normal group (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.28; 95% confidence interval: 1.21–1.36), whereas a decreased risk of PD incidence was observed (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.88–0.93) in the obese group and (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.77; 95% … Continue reading Body #mass index, #diabetes, and the risk of #Parkinson’s disease

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