Tag: Diabetes

Endocrinology, Gastroenterology

Type 2 #diabetes influences bacterial tissue compartmentalisation in human obesity

..Visceral obesity is a key risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whereas gut dysbiosis appears to be instrumental for this relationship, whether gut-associated signatures translocate to extra-intestinal tissues and how this affects host metabolism remain elusive ..We identified tissue-specific signatures with higher bacterial load in the liver and omental adipose tissue. Gut commensals, but also environmental bacteria, showed tissue- and T2D-specific compartmentalisation. T2D signatures … Continue reading Type 2 #diabetes influences bacterial tissue compartmentalisation in human obesity

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Endocrinology, Oncology

Similar #Breast Cancer Risk in Women Older Than 65 Years Initiating Glargine, Detemir, and NPH Insulins

To assess whether initiation of insulin glargine (glargine), compared with initiation of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) or insulin detemir (detemir), was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in women with diabetes.. Ever use of glargine was not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer compared with NPH (HR 0.97; 95% CI 0.88–1.06) or detemir (HR, 0.98; 95% CI 0.92–1.05). No increased risk … Continue reading Similar #Breast Cancer Risk in Women Older Than 65 Years Initiating Glargine, Detemir, and NPH Insulins

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Diet, Endocrinology, Neurology

Body #mass index, #diabetes, and the risk of #Parkinson’s disease

..A total of 33,443 individuals were diagnosed with PD during the follow‐up period (7.3 years). An increased risk of PD incidence was observed in the underweight group versus the normal group (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.28; 95% confidence interval: 1.21–1.36), whereas a decreased risk of PD incidence was observed (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.88–0.93) in the obese group and (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.77; 95% … Continue reading Body #mass index, #diabetes, and the risk of #Parkinson’s disease

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Diet, Endocrinology

#Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 #Diabetes Among Participants of the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort

Ultraprocessed foods (UPF) are widespread in Western diets. Their consumption has been associated in recent prospective studies with increased risks of all-cause mortality and chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and dyslipidemia; however, data regarding diabetes are lacking. ..Consumption of UPF was associated with a higher risk of T2D (multi-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for an absolute increment of 10 in the percentage of … Continue reading #Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 #Diabetes Among Participants of the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort

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Cardiology, Endocrinology

Updating insights into #rosiglitazone and cardiovascular risk through shared data: individual patient and summary level meta-analyses

individual patient level data (IPD) ..The odds ratios for myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiovascular related death, and non-cardiovascular related death were 1.17 (0.92 to 1.51), 1.54 (1.14 to 2.09), 1.15 (0.55 to 2.41), and 1.18 (0.60 to 2.30), respectively. For analyses including trials for which IPD were not available, odds ratios for myocardial infarction and cardiovascular related death were attenuated (1.09, 0.88 to 1.35, and … Continue reading Updating insights into #rosiglitazone and cardiovascular risk through shared data: individual patient and summary level meta-analyses

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Diet, Endocrinology

Hepatic Lipoprotein Export and Remission of Human Type 2 #Diabetes after #Weight Loss

..Liver fat, VLDL1-triglyceride production, and intra-pancreatic fat decreased after weight loss and remained normalized after 24 months of remission. First-phase insulin response remained increased only in those maintaining diabetes remission. Compared with those in remission at 24 months, individuals who relapsed after initial remission had a greater rise in the content of VLDL1-triglyceride and VLDL1-palmitic acid, re-accumulated intra-pancreatic fat, and lost first-phase response by 24 … Continue reading Hepatic Lipoprotein Export and Remission of Human Type 2 #Diabetes after #Weight Loss

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Cardiology, Endocrinology

Does type 2 #diabetes confer higher relative rates of #cardiovascular events in women compared with men?

..calculate overall and age-dependent incidence rates, incidence rate ratios, and women-to-men ratios for myocardial infarction, heart failure, ischaemic stroke, or cardiovascular death (MACE-HF). Among 218 549 (46% women) individuals with diabetes, the absolute rate of MACE-HF was higher in men than in women (24.9 vs. 19.9 per 1000 person-years). Corresponding absolute rates in men and women without diabetes were 10.1 vs. 7.0 per 1000 person-years. … Continue reading Does type 2 #diabetes confer higher relative rates of #cardiovascular events in women compared with men?

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Diet, Endocrinology

#Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 #Diabetes Among Participants of the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort

Ultraprocessed foods (UPF) are widespread in Western diets.. ..Absolute T2D rates in the lowest and highest UPF consumers were 113 and 166 per 100 000 person-years, respectively. Consumption of UPF was associated with a higher risk of T2D (multi-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for an absolute increment of 10 in the percentage of UPF in the diet, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.25; median follow-up, 6.0 years; 582 252 person-years; … Continue reading #Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 #Diabetes Among Participants of the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort

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Diet, Endocrinology

Reduction in Glycated Hemoglobin and Daily Insulin Dose Alongside Circadian Clock Upregulation in Patients With Type 2 #Diabetes Consuming a Three- #Meal Diet: A Randomized Clinical Trial

In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and progressive β-cell failure require treatment with high insulin doses, leading to weight gain. Our aim was to study whether a three-meal diet (3Mdiet) with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast may upregulate clock gene expression and, as a result, allow dose reduction of insulin, leading to weight loss and better glycemic control compared with an isocaloric six-meal diet (6Mdiet). ..3Mdiet, but … Continue reading Reduction in Glycated Hemoglobin and Daily Insulin Dose Alongside Circadian Clock Upregulation in Patients With Type 2 #Diabetes Consuming a Three- #Meal Diet: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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Cardiology, Endocrinology

Maternal #diabetes during pregnancy and early onset of #cardiovascular disease in offspring: population based cohort study with 40 years of follow-up

To evaluate the associations between maternal diabetes diagnosed before or during pregnancy and early onset cardiovascular disease (CVD) in offspring during their first four decades of life. ..Offspring of mothers with diabetes had a 29% increased overall rate of early onset CVD (hazard ratio 1.29 (95% confidence interval 1.21 to 1.37); cumulative incidence among offspring unexposed to maternal diabetes at 40 years of age 13.07% … Continue reading Maternal #diabetes during pregnancy and early onset of #cardiovascular disease in offspring: population based cohort study with 40 years of follow-up

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Diet, Endocrinology

Prevalence of #Prediabetes Among #Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States, 2005-2016

.. Impaired fasting glucose was defined as fasting plasma glucose of 100 mg/dL to less than 126 mg/dL, IGT as 2-hour plasma glucose of 140 mg/dL to less than 200 mg/dL, and increased HbA1c level as HbA1c level between 5.7% and 6.4%. The prevalence of IFG, isolated IFG, IGT, isolated IGT, increased HbA1c level, isolated increased HbA1c level, and prediabetes (defined as having IFG, IGT, … Continue reading Prevalence of #Prediabetes Among #Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States, 2005-2016

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Endocrinology, Infectivology

Adjunctive #Rifampin Therapy For Diabetic Foot #Osteomyelitis in the Veterans Health Administration

Among patients diagnosed with diabetes, the lifetime incidence of foot ulcers is 15%. Infection is a common complication of foot ulcers, and 20% to 60% of infections result in diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO). ..Patients initiating rifampin therapy within 6 weeks of the DFO diagnosis and receiving the drug for at least 14 days within 90 days of diagnosis were considered treated with rifampin. Patients not … Continue reading Adjunctive #Rifampin Therapy For Diabetic Foot #Osteomyelitis in the Veterans Health Administration

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