Tag: coronavirus

Infectivology

A living WHO guideline on drugs to prevent #covid-19

..The linked systematic review and network meta-analysis (6 trials and 6059 participants) found that hydroxychloroquine had a small or no effect on mortality and admission to hospital (high certainty evidence). There was a small or no effect on laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (moderate certainty evidence) but probably increased adverse events leading to discontinuation (moderate certainty evidence). The panel judged that almost all people would not … Continue reading A living WHO guideline on drugs to prevent #covid-19

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Infectivology

Early initiation of prophylactic #anticoagulation for prevention of #coronavirus disease 2019 mortality in patients admitted to hospital in the United States: cohort study

To evaluate whether early initiation of prophylactic anticoagulation compared with no anticoagulation was associated with decreased risk of death among patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in the United States. Design Observational cohort study. Setting Nationwide cohort of patients receiving care in the Department of Veterans Affairs, a large integrated national healthcare system. Participants All 4297 patients admitted to hospital from 1 … Continue reading Early initiation of prophylactic #anticoagulation for prevention of #coronavirus disease 2019 mortality in patients admitted to hospital in the United States: cohort study

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Environment, Infectivology

#Hydrating the respiratory tract: an alternative explanation why masks lower severity of #COVID-19

The seasonality of respiratory diseases has been linked, among other factors, to low outdoor absolute humidity and low indoor relative humidity, which increase evaporation of water in the mucosal lining of the respiratory tract. We demonstrate that normal breathing results in an absorption-desorption cycle inside facemasks, in which supersaturated air is absorbed by the mask fibers during expiration, followed by evaporation during inspiration of dry … Continue reading #Hydrating the respiratory tract: an alternative explanation why masks lower severity of #COVID-19

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Infectivology, Psychiatry

Post-traumatic growth during the #COVID-19 pandemic in carers of children in Portugal and the UK: cross-sectional online survey

Although the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health have attracted interest, little attention has focused on its positive effects and possible post-traumatic growth. Aims To assess anxiety, well-being and post-traumatic growth in carers of children aged 6–16 years in Portugal and the UK. Method A cross-sectional online survey of volunteers conducted at the peak of the first wave of COVID-19 during lockdown … Continue reading Post-traumatic growth during the #COVID-19 pandemic in carers of children in Portugal and the UK: cross-sectional online survey

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Infectivology

#mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to #SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants

Here we report on the antibody and memory B cell responses in a cohort of 20 volunteers who received either the Moderna (mRNA-1273) or Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccines1–4. Eight weeks after the second vaccine injection volunteers showed high levels of IgM, and IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) and receptor binding domain (RBD) binding titers. Moreover, the plasma neutralizing activity, and the relative numbers of RBD-specific memory … Continue reading #mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to #SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants

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Infectivology

#SARS-CoV-2 infection is effectively treated and prevented by EIDD-2801

All known recently emerged human coronaviruses probably originated in bats1. Here we used a single experimental platform based on human lung-only mice (LoM) to demonstrate efficient in vivo replication of all recently emerged human coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2) and two highly relevant endogenous pre-pandemic SARS-like bat coronaviruses. Virus replication in this model occurs in bona fide human lung tissue and does not require any … Continue reading #SARS-CoV-2 infection is effectively treated and prevented by EIDD-2801

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Environment, Infectivology

Quantifying asymptomatic infection and transmission of #COVID-19 in New York City using observed cases, serology, and testing capacity

The contributions of asymptomatic infections to herd immunity and community transmission are key to the resurgence and control of COVID-19, but are difficult to estimate using current models that ignore changes in testing capacity. Using a model that incorporates daily testing information fit to the case and serology data from New York City, we show that the proportion of symptomatic cases is low, ranging from … Continue reading Quantifying asymptomatic infection and transmission of #COVID-19 in New York City using observed cases, serology, and testing capacity

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Infectivology

Decline in Covid-19 Hospitalisation Growth Associated With Statewide Mask Mandates

What is already known about this topic? Wearing masks is recommended to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. What is added by this report? During March 22–October 17, 2020, 10 sites participating in the COVID-19–Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network in states with statewide mask mandates reported a decline in weekly COVID-19–associated hospitalization growth rates by up to 5.5 percentage points for adults aged 18–64 years after mandate … Continue reading Decline in Covid-19 Hospitalisation Growth Associated With Statewide Mask Mandates

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Hematology, Infectivology

#Plasma tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in hospitalized #COVID-19 patients

Patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) are at high risk for thrombotic arterial and venous occlusions. However, bleeding complications have also been observed in some patients. Understanding the balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis will help inform optimal approaches to thrombosis prophylaxis and potential utility of fibrinolytic-targeted therapies. 118 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. We measured plasma antigen levels of … Continue reading #Plasma tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in hospitalized #COVID-19 patients

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Infectivology

#COVID-19 Outcomes Among Persons Living With or Without Diagnosed #HIV Infection in New York State

New York State has been an epicenter for both the US coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and HIV/AIDS epidemics. Persons living with diagnosed HIV may be more prone to COVID-19 infection and severe outcomes, yet few studies have assessed this possibility at a population level.. ..A total of 2988 persons living with diagnosed HIV (2109 men [70.6%]; 2409 living in New York City [80.6%]; mean [SD] … Continue reading #COVID-19 Outcomes Among Persons Living With or Without Diagnosed #HIV Infection in New York State

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Diet, Infectivology, Psychiatry

Increased #alcohol use during the #COVID-19 pandemic: The effect of mental health and age in a cross-sectional sample of social media users in the U.S.

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a public health crisis of unprecedented scale. Increased alcohol use has been extensively documented during other crises, particularly among persons with anxiety and depression. Despite COVID-19’s differential impact by age, the association of age, mental health and alcohol use during the pandemic has not been explored. This study aimed to examine whether age modified the association of anxiety and depressive … Continue reading Increased #alcohol use during the #COVID-19 pandemic: The effect of mental health and age in a cross-sectional sample of social media users in the U.S.

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Environment, Infectivology, Pediatry

A Little #Autonomy Support Goes a Long Way: Daily Autonomy‐Supportive Parenting, Child Well‐Being, Parental Need Fulfillment, and Change in Child, Family, and Parent Adjustment Across the Adaptation to the #COVID‐19 Pandemic

This study examined the effects of daily parental autonomy support on changes in child behavior, family environment, and parental well‐being across 3 weeks during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Germany. Day‐to‐day associations among autonomy‐supportive parenting, parental need fulfillment, and child well‐being were also assessed. Parents (longitudinal N = 469; Mage = 42.93, SDage = 6.40) of school children (6–19 years) reported on adjustment measures at two … Continue reading A Little #Autonomy Support Goes a Long Way: Daily Autonomy‐Supportive Parenting, Child Well‐Being, Parental Need Fulfillment, and Change in Child, Family, and Parent Adjustment Across the Adaptation to the #COVID‐19 Pandemic

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