Tag: coronavirus

Infectivology

CDC people at risk of devere COVID-19 illness

..CDC has removed the specific age threshold from the older adult classification. CDC now warns that among adults, risk increases steadily as you age, and it’s not just those over the age of 65 who are at increased risk for severe illness.. ..There was consistent evidence (from multiple small studies or a strong association from a large study) that specific conditions increase a person’s risk … Continue reading CDC people at risk of devere COVID-19 illness

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Environment, Infectivology

Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly throughout the world since the first cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were observed in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It has been suspected that infected persons who remain asymptomatic play a significant role in the ongoing pandemic, but their relative number and effect have been uncertain. The authors sought to review and synthesize the … Continue reading Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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Infectivology

Identifying airborne transmission as the dominant route for the spread of #COVID-19

Various mitigation measures have been implemented to fight the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including widely adopted social distancing and mandated face covering. However, assessing the effectiveness of those intervention practices hinges on the understanding of virus transmission, which remains uncertain. Here we show that airborne transmission is highly virulent and represents the dominant route to spread the disease. By analyzing the trend and mitigation … Continue reading Identifying airborne transmission as the dominant route for the spread of #COVID-19

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Infectivology, Psychiatry

Influence of perceived threat of Covid-19 and HEXACO personality traits on toilet paper stockpiling

Following the fast spread of Covid-19 across Europe and North America in March 2020, many people started stockpiling commodities like toilet paper. Despite the high relevance for public authorities to adequately address stockpiling behavior, empirical studies on the psychological underpinnings of toilet paper stockpiling are still scarce. In this study, we investigated the relation between personality traits, perceived threat of Covid-19, and stockpiling of toilet … Continue reading Influence of perceived threat of Covid-19 and HEXACO personality traits on toilet paper stockpiling

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Infectivology, Pneumology

ACE2 Expression is Increased in the Lungs of Patients with Comorbidities Associated with Severe COVID-19

Patients who died from COVID-19 often had comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic obstructive lung disease. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is crucial for SARS-CoV2 to bind and enter host cells, no study has systematically assessed the ACE2 expression in the lungs of patients with these diseases. Here, we analyzed over 700 lung transcriptome samples of patients with comorbidities associated with severe COVID-19 and … Continue reading ACE2 Expression is Increased in the Lungs of Patients with Comorbidities Associated with Severe COVID-19

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Infectivology

SARS-CoV2 vaccines: Slow is fast

..The need to develop a vaccine is urgent, but most estimates conclude that even if trials are successful, an effective vaccine will not be widely available for 12 to 18 months. Much of the required time is related to the pace of proper clinical trials. Studies are usually first needed in experimental animals. However, non-human primates rarely display severe symptoms, and critical disease is also … Continue reading SARS-CoV2 vaccines: Slow is fast

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Environment, Infectivology

Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Transmission in a Skilled Nursing Facility

coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can spread rapidly within skilled nursing facilities. After identification of a case of Covid-19 in a skilled nursing facility, we assessed transmission and evaluated the adequacy of symptom-based screening to identify infections in residents.. ..Twenty-three days after the first positive test result in a resident at this skilled nursing facility, 57 of 89 residents (64%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Among 76 … Continue reading Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Transmission in a Skilled Nursing Facility

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Environment, Infectivology

Association of Stay-at-Home Orders With COVID-19 Hospitalizations in 4 States

In analyses of the effectiveness of response measures to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), most studies have used the number of confirmed cases or deaths. However, case count is a conservative estimate of the actual number of infected individuals in the absence of community-wide serologic testing. Death count is a lagging metric and insufficient for proactive hospital capacity planning. A more valuable metric … Continue reading Association of Stay-at-Home Orders With COVID-19 Hospitalizations in 4 States

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Environment, Infectivology

Cigarette #smoke exposure and inflammatory signaling increase the expression of the #SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in the respiratory tract

Abstract The factors mediating fatal SARS-CoV-2 infections are poorly understood. Here, we show that cigarette smoke causes a dose-dependent upregulation of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, in rodent and human lungs. Using single-cell sequencing data, we demonstrate that ACE2 is expressed in a subset of secretory cells in the respiratory tract. Chronic smoke exposure triggers the expansion of this cell population and … Continue reading Cigarette #smoke exposure and inflammatory signaling increase the expression of the #SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in the respiratory tract

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Infectivology

#Hydroxychloroquine or #chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of #COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis

Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine, often in combination with a second-generation macrolide, are being widely used for treatment of COVID-19, despite no conclusive evidence of their benefit. Although generally safe when used for approved indications such as autoimmune disease or malaria, the safety and benefit of these treatment regimens are poorly evaluated in COVID-19.. ..96 032 patients (mean age 53·8 years, 46·3% women) with COVID-19 were hospitalised during … Continue reading #Hydroxychloroquine or #chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of #COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis

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Infectivology

#Remdesivir for the Treatment of #Covid-19 — Preliminary Report

..We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous remdesivir in adults hospitalized with Covid-19 with evidence of lower respiratory tract involvement. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either remdesivir (200 mg loading dose on day 1, followed by 100 mg daily for up to 9 additional days) or placebo for up to 10 days. The primary outcome was the time to recovery, defined by … Continue reading #Remdesivir for the Treatment of #Covid-19 — Preliminary Report

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Gastroenterology, Infectivology

Outcomes of COVID-19 in 79 patients with #IBD in Italy: an IG-IBD study

COVID-19 has rapidly become a major health emergency worldwide. Patients with IBD are at increased risk of infection, especially when they have active disease and are taking immunosuppressive therapy. The characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with IBD remain unclear.. ..Between 11 and 29 March 2020, 79 patients with IBD with COVID-19 were enrolled at 24 IBD referral units. Thirty-six patients had COVID-19-related pneumonia … Continue reading Outcomes of COVID-19 in 79 patients with #IBD in Italy: an IG-IBD study

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