Purpose: Patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) face a high risk of three-month unplanned readmission after discharge, yet early identification of high-risk patients remains challenging in clinical practice. This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models for predicting the risk and providing a reference for the subsequent development and updating… Continue reading Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model for Predicting Three-Month Unplanned Readmission in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Category: Pneumology
Infliximab Monotherapy as First-Line Treatment for Hepatic, Splenic, and Pulmonary Sarcoidosis in a Patient With High Cardiometabolic Risk
Glucocorticoids remain the first-line treatment for pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis, with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) agents such as infliximab typically reserved as steroid-sparing alternatives or for refractory disease. Data on anti-TNF-α monotherapy as first-line treatment, avoiding glucocorticoid exposure altogether, remain limited to isolated case reports. We report the case of a 46-year-old obese man with… Continue reading Infliximab Monotherapy as First-Line Treatment for Hepatic, Splenic, and Pulmonary Sarcoidosis in a Patient With High Cardiometabolic Risk
The role of air quality and pollution in obstructive sleep apnea: insights from recent studies
Introduction: Air pollution is an increasingly important environmental determinant of respiratory health and has emerging relevance for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although obesity, aging, sex, craniofacial anatomy, and neuromuscular factors remain established contributors to OSA, ambient and indoor pollutants, together with climate-related and meteorological factors, may influence sleep-disordered breathing through multiple biological pathways. This review… Continue reading The role of air quality and pollution in obstructive sleep apnea: insights from recent studies
Triangulating Evidence on Serum Uric Acid and Cancer Risk: Consistent Inverse Associations With Lung Cancer
We examined the association between serum uric acid (UA) levels and cancer incidence through a conventional observational and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study in the same population (triangulation). We followed 13,695 individuals aged 35-69 years for cancer incidence (total, gastric, colorectal, lung, prostate, and breast cancers) over a median period of 10.6 years. The conventional… Continue reading Triangulating Evidence on Serum Uric Acid and Cancer Risk: Consistent Inverse Associations With Lung Cancer
Risk of pneumonia in adults with chronic cough: a nationwide cohort study
Background: Chronic cough affects approximately 10% of adults and is increasingly recognised as a distinct clinical condition. This symptom has increasingly been associated with significant outcomes such as pneumonia. Nevertheless, few large long-term population-based studies have been conducted.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed using nationwide claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment… Continue reading Risk of pneumonia in adults with chronic cough: a nationwide cohort study
Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines for Interstitial Lung Disease: Part 2. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia characterized by declining lung function, severe dyspnea, and a poor prognosis. Although antifibrotic agents have improved outcomes in patients with IPF, important challenges remain in the diagnosis, monitoring, and long-term management of the disease. Since the publication of the first Korean clinical practice guideline… Continue reading Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines for Interstitial Lung Disease: Part 2. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Explainable Machine Learning for Predicting Deep Vein Thrombosis in Critically Ill Patients with COPD: Development and Multicenter External Validation
Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a frequent yet underrecognized complication in critically ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Existing risk assessment tools are not specifically tailored to this high-risk population. We aimed to develop and externally validate an interpretable machine-learning model for early prediction of DVT in ICU-admitted COPD patients.Methods: Adult COPD… Continue reading Explainable Machine Learning for Predicting Deep Vein Thrombosis in Critically Ill Patients with COPD: Development and Multicenter External Validation
Oxygen cost of breathing and its association with dyspnea in older patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity
Introduction: Obesity is associated with an increased oxygen (O2) cost of breathing, which could contribute to dyspnea on exertion (DOE) and exercise intolerance. Many patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) also have obesity, but whether an elevated O2 cost of breathing contributes to DOE and exercise intolerance in these patients is unclear.… Continue reading Oxygen cost of breathing and its association with dyspnea in older patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity
Hypoglycemia unmasking a giant pulmonary solitary fibrous tumor: a case report
Background: Hypoglycemia may result from multiple clinical conditions which are categorized based on clinical status. The first principal step in clinical diagnostic evaluation is measurement of plasma insulin, c-peptide, pro-insulin, and beta-hydroxybutyrate levels. One of the rare causes of hypoglycemia is a group of disorders known as non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICT), which results from… Continue reading Hypoglycemia unmasking a giant pulmonary solitary fibrous tumor: a case report
