Category: Pneumology

Infectivology, Pneumology

Chest x-ray findings and temporal #lung changes in patients with #COVID-19 pneumonia

Chest CT scan and chest x-rays show characteristic radiographic findings in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Chest x-ray can be used in diagnosis and follow up in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The study aims at describing the chest x-ray findings and temporal radiographic changes in COVID-19 patients.. ..A total of 88 patients (50 (56.8%) females and 38 (43.2%) males) were admitted to the hospital with confirmed … Continue reading Chest x-ray findings and temporal #lung changes in patients with #COVID-19 pneumonia

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Pneumology

Randomized Trial of Nocturnal #Oxygen in Chronic #Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Long-term oxygen therapy improves survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic severe daytime hypoxemia. However, the efficacy of oxygen therapy for the management of isolated nocturnal hypoxemia is uncertain.. ..Patients with an oxygen saturation of less than 90% for at least 30% of the recording time on nocturnal oximetry were assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive either nocturnal oxygen or … Continue reading Randomized Trial of Nocturnal #Oxygen in Chronic #Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Pneumology, Surgery

Effect of Multilevel Upper Airway Surgery vs Medical Management on the Apnea-Hypopnea Index and Patient-Reported Daytime Sleepiness Among Patients With Moderate or Severe Obstructive #Sleep #Apnea

Many adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) use device treatments inadequately and remain untreated.. ..Among 102 participants who were randomized (mean [SD] age, 44.6 [12.8] years; 18 [18%] women), 91 (89%) completed the trial. The mean AHI was 47.9 at baseline and 20.8 at 6 months for the surgery group and 45.3 at baseline and 34.5 at 6 months for the medical management group (mean … Continue reading Effect of Multilevel Upper Airway Surgery vs Medical Management on the Apnea-Hypopnea Index and Patient-Reported Daytime Sleepiness Among Patients With Moderate or Severe Obstructive #Sleep #Apnea

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Cardiology, Endocrinology, Hypertension, Pneumology

Associations of #Sleep Disordered #Breathing and Insomnia with Incident #Hypertension and #Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Rationale: Sleep disorders are associated with hypertension and diabetes, primary risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and mortality. It is important to understand these associations in Hispanics/Latinos, in whom cardiovascular death is the leading cause of mortality. Objectives: To investigate the prospective associations of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and insomnia with incident hypertension and diabetes among US Hispanics/Latinos over 6 years of follow-up and to assess … Continue reading Associations of #Sleep Disordered #Breathing and Insomnia with Incident #Hypertension and #Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

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Pneumology

Interstitial #lung abnormalities and the clinical course in patients with #COPD

The presence and progression of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) is known to be associated with a decline of lung function and increased risk of mortality. Research question We aimed to elucidate the clinical course according to ILA in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).. ..Of 363 patients with COPD, 44 and 103 patients had equivocal and definite ILA, respectively. Patients with ILA were significantly … Continue reading Interstitial #lung abnormalities and the clinical course in patients with #COPD

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Pediatry, Pneumology

American Academy of Pediatrics – Section on Pediatric #Pulmonology and #Sleep Medicine

1. Avoid stepping up asthma therapy (adding new drugs or going to higher doses) before assessing adherence, appropriateness of device, and technique with current asthma medications. 2. Do not use LABA/steroid combination drugs as initial therapy for intermittent or mild persistent asthma. 3. Avoid administering nebulized medications by “blow by,” or placing the mask or nebulizer tubing near the child’s nose and mouth rather than … Continue reading American Academy of Pediatrics – Section on Pediatric #Pulmonology and #Sleep Medicine

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Diet, Infectivology, Pneumology

Effectiveness of #honey for symptomatic relief in upper #respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Antibiotic over prescription for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in primary care exacerbates antimicrobial resistance. There is a need for effective alternatives to antibiotic prescribing. Honey is a lay remedy for URTIs, and has an emerging evidence base for its use. Honey has antimicrobial properties, and guidelines recommended honey for acute cough in children.. ..We identified 1345 unique records, and 14 studies were included. Overall … Continue reading Effectiveness of #honey for symptomatic relief in upper #respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Infectivology, Pediatry, Pneumology

Reducing #Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care for #Respiratory Illness

One-third of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions for pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are inappropriate. We evaluated a distance learning program’s effectiveness for reducing outpatient antibiotic prescribing for ARTI visits.. In this stepped-wedge clinical trial run from November 2015 to June 2018, we randomly assigned 19 pediatric practices belonging to the Pediatric Research in Office Settings Network or the NorthShore University HealthSystem to 4 wedges. Visits … Continue reading Reducing #Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care for #Respiratory Illness

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Pneumology

Factors associated with #sleep disturbance in patients with chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease

Poor sleep quality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (#COPD ) has been associated with poor health outcomes. However, there is a lack of research on factors associated with sleep disturbance in patients with COPD.. This was a prospective, multicenter cross‐sectional study enrolling a sample of 245 COPD subjects. All patients completed the patient‐reported measure, the COPD and Asthma Sleep Impact Scale (CASIS) to … Continue reading Factors associated with #sleep disturbance in patients with chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease

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Pneumology

Sex-specific associations between #erythrocyte measures and obstructive #sleep apnea

STUDY OBJECTIVES:Hypoxemic effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have been implicated in changes in erythropoiesis and hence erythrocyte measures. Sex differences are evident in both OSA and erythropoiesis. Whether sex modulates the relationship between severity of OSA and erythrocyte measures has not previously been studied.. ..RESULTS:In multiple regression models, we found significant interactions between sex and oxygen desaturation index and apnea-hypopnea index on erythrocyte measures. … Continue reading Sex-specific associations between #erythrocyte measures and obstructive #sleep apnea

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Cardiology, Pneumology

Acute pulmonary #embolism in patients with obstructive #sleep apnea: frequency, hospital outcomes, and recurrence

The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the risk of acute pulmonary embolism (PE), hospital outcomes including mortality, and PE recurrence.. ..Of 25,038 patients, 3,184 (13%) had OSA and 283 (1.1%) experienced PE. Frequency of PE in patients with and without OSA was 2.4% versus 0.9% (odds ratio [OR], 2.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9–3.3; P … Continue reading Acute pulmonary #embolism in patients with obstructive #sleep apnea: frequency, hospital outcomes, and recurrence

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Pneumology

Initiating Pharmacologic Treatment in #Tobacco-Dependent Adults. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline

Current tobacco treatment guidelines have established the efficacy of available interventions, but they do not provide detailed guidance for common implementation questions frequently faced in the clinic. An evidence-based guideline was created that addresses several pharmacotherapy-initiation questions that routinely confront treatment teams.. ..The guideline panel formulated five strong recommendations and two conditional recommendations regarding pharmacotherapy choices. Strong recommendations include using #varenicline rather than a nicotine … Continue reading Initiating Pharmacologic Treatment in #Tobacco-Dependent Adults. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline

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