Category: Pneumology

Oncology, Pneumology

Effect of beta-blockers on survival of lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The recent interest in beta-blockers as possible agents for drug repurposing in oncology arises from many pre-clinical and epidemiologic studies suggesting a possible clinically relevant antitumour effect. In lung cancer, given the contradictory results obtained, it is crucial to further study its effects. A systematic review of the literature was planned to evaluate a possible beneficial effect of beta-blocker on overall survival in lung cancer … Continue reading Effect of beta-blockers on survival of lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Infectivology, Pneumology

ACE2 Expression is Increased in the Lungs of Patients with Comorbidities Associated with Severe COVID-19

Patients who died from COVID-19 often had comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic obstructive lung disease. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is crucial for SARS-CoV2 to bind and enter host cells, no study has systematically assessed the ACE2 expression in the lungs of patients with these diseases. Here, we analyzed over 700 lung transcriptome samples of patients with comorbidities associated with severe COVID-19 and … Continue reading ACE2 Expression is Increased in the Lungs of Patients with Comorbidities Associated with Severe COVID-19

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Cardiology, Hypertension, Pneumology

Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Nighttime Blood Pressure in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), nocturnal hypertension, and non-dipping systolic blood pressure (BP) are each highly prevalent among African Americans. However, few data are available on the association between OSA and nighttime BP in this population.. ..Among 206 participants who completed ABPM and participated in the Jackson Heart Sleep Study, 50.5% had nocturnal hypertension and 26.2% had moderate to severe OSA (REI4% ≥15 events/hour). After multivariable … Continue reading Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Nighttime Blood Pressure in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study

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Cardiology, Pneumology

Dose-Response Association of Low-Intensity and Nondaily Smoking With Mortality in the United States

An increasing proportion of US smokers smoke at low intensity and not every day. Some nondaily smokers have always had this pattern, whereas others previously smoked daily. The effect of reducing the level of smoking from daily to nondaily smoking and the dose response at low smoking levels are poorly understood.. ..Among 505 500 participants (aged 18-103 years), approximately 47 000 deaths occurred. The median number of … Continue reading Dose-Response Association of Low-Intensity and Nondaily Smoking With Mortality in the United States

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Pneumology, Rehabilitation

Mid-Term Effects of Pulmonary #Rehabilitation on Cognitive Function in People with Severe Chronic Obstructive #Pulmonary Disease

Cognitive dysfunction is a common impairment associated with COPD. However, little is known about 1) its prevalence among those subjects referred for pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), 2) how it may affect the benefit of PR, 3) whether PR improves cognitive function and 4) whether cognitive dysfunction affects the usability of telehealth technology usually used to deliver in-home PR.. ..Mild cognitive dysfunction was found in 41 subjects … Continue reading Mid-Term Effects of Pulmonary #Rehabilitation on Cognitive Function in People with Severe Chronic Obstructive #Pulmonary Disease

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Pneumology

Associations of #sleep duration with patient-reported outcomes and healthcare use in U.S. adults with #asthma

..Asthma was identified by self-report. Habitual hours of sleep duration were categorized as short (≤5), normal (6-8), and long (≥9). Multivariate regression analyses were used to examine the associations between sleep duration and patient-reported outcomes and healthcare use. Results Of the 1389 adults with asthma, 26% reported short sleep duration, 66% reported normal sleep duration, and 8% reported long sleep duration. Those with short sleep … Continue reading Associations of #sleep duration with patient-reported outcomes and healthcare use in U.S. adults with #asthma

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Pneumology

Sputum #microbiome profiles identify severe #asthma phenotypes of relative stability at 12-18 months

..Data were available for 100 severe asthma subjects (median age: 55 yrs, 42% males). Two microbiome-driven clusters were identified, characterized by differences in asthma onset, smoking status, residential locations, percentage of blood and/or sputum neutrophils and macrophages, lung spirometry, and concurrent asthma medications (all p-values <.05). Cluster 2 patients displayed a commensal-deficient bacterial profile which was associated with worse asthma outcomes compared to cluster 1. … Continue reading Sputum #microbiome profiles identify severe #asthma phenotypes of relative stability at 12-18 months

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Environment, Infectivology, Pneumology

Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel #Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia

The initial cases of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)–infected pneumonia (NCIP) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 and January 2020. We analyzed data on the first 425 confirmed cases in Wuhan to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of NCIP.. ..Among the first 425 patients with confirmed NCIP, the median age was 59 years and 56% were male. The majority of cases (55%) with onset before … Continue reading Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel #Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia

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Oncology, Pneumology

Chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer incidence in never smokers: a cohort study

There has been limited evidence for the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the incidence of lung cancer among never smokers. We aimed to estimate the risk of lung cancer incidence in never smokers with COPD, and to compare it with the risk associated with smoking. This cohort study involved 338 548 subjects, 40 to 84 years of age with no history of lung … Continue reading Chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer incidence in never smokers: a cohort study

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Infectivology, Pediatry, Pneumology

Antibiotic Use and Outcomes in Children in the Emergency Department With Suspected #Pneumonia

Antibiotic therapy is often prescribed for suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children despite a lack of knowledge of causative pathogen. Our objective in this study was to investigate the association between antibiotic prescription and treatment failure in children with suspected CAP who are discharged from the hospital emergency department (ED).. ..Of 337 eligible children, 294 were matched on the basis of propensity score. There was … Continue reading Antibiotic Use and Outcomes in Children in the Emergency Department With Suspected #Pneumonia

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Infectivology, Pneumology

Risk Factors Associated With Acute #Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With #Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has subsequently spread worldwide. Risk factors for the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia have not yet been well delineated.. ..Of 201 patients, the median age was 51 years (interquartile range, 43-60 years), and 128 (63.7%) patients were men. Eighty-four patients (41.8%) developed ARDS, and of those 84 patients, … Continue reading Risk Factors Associated With Acute #Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With #Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

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Dentistry, Gerontology, Pneumology

#Periodontitis increases the risk of respiratory disease mortality in older patients

Evidence for an association between periodontitis and respiratory disease in the older patients is limited.. ..We found that periodontitis was associated with total respiratory disease mortality. Compared with healthy participants, the hazards ratio and 95% confidence interval for total respiratory disease mortality in patients with severe periodontitis was 2.72(1.04,7.11) after adjusting for relevant confounding variables. With increasing severity of periodontitis, risks for chronic obstructive pulmonary … Continue reading #Periodontitis increases the risk of respiratory disease mortality in older patients

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