Category: Pneumology

Cardiology, Pneumology

Persistent #Asthma is Associated with Increased Risk for Incident Atrial #Fibrillation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Asthma and atrial fibrillation (AF) share an underlying inflammatory pathophysiology. We hypothesized that persistent asthmatics are at higher risk for developing AF and that this association would be attenuated by adjustment for baseline markers of systemic inflammation. ..Persistent asthma was defined as asthma requiring use of controller medications. Intermittent asthma was defined as asthma without use of controller medications.. ..In risk-factor adjusted models, persistent asthmatics … Continue reading Persistent #Asthma is Associated with Increased Risk for Incident Atrial #Fibrillation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

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Cardiology, Pneumology

FDA Authorizes Marketing of First Cardiac #Ultrasound Software That Uses Artificial #Intelligence to Guide User

..the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authorized marketing of software to assist medical professionals in the acquisition of cardiac ultrasound, or echocardiography, images. The software, called Caption Guidance, is an accessory to compatible diagnostic ultrasound systems and uses artificial intelligence to help the user capture images of a patient’s heart that are of acceptable diagnostic quality. The Caption Guidance software is indicated for use in … Continue reading FDA Authorizes Marketing of First Cardiac #Ultrasound Software That Uses Artificial #Intelligence to Guide User

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Pneumology

Sex Steroid #Hormones and #Asthma in a Nationwide Study of U.S. Adults

Women have a higher burden of asthma than men. Although sex hormones may explain sex differences in asthma, their role is unclear.. ..Free testosterone levels in the fourth quartile were associated with lower odds of current asthma in women (odds ratio [OR] for the fourth quartile [Q4] vs. Q1, 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–0.80). Given an interaction between obesity and sex hormones on current … Continue reading Sex Steroid #Hormones and #Asthma in a Nationwide Study of U.S. Adults

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Oncology, Pneumology, Urology

Electronic-#cigarette smoke induces #lung adenocarcinoma and #bladder urothelial hyperplasia in mice

Electronic-cigarettes (E-cigs) are marketed as a safe alternative to tobacco to deliver the stimulant nicotine, and their use is gaining in popularity, particularly among the younger population. We recently showed that mice exposed to short-term (12 wk) E-cig smoke (ECS) sustained extensive DNA damage in lungs, heart, and bladder mucosa and diminished DNA repair in lungs.. ..We found that mice exposed to ECS for 54 … Continue reading Electronic-#cigarette smoke induces #lung adenocarcinoma and #bladder urothelial hyperplasia in mice

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Pneumology, Sports

#C-reactive protein mediates the association between leisure-time physical #activity and #lung function in middle-aged and older adults

Although previous studies have reported the benefits of physical activity (PA) to lung function in middle-aged and older adults, the biological mechanisms are still unclear.. ..Multiple linear regression models suggested that higher PA was associated with lower levels of CRP (β = − 0.048, P = 0.002 for moderate PA; β = − 0.108, P < 0.001 for high PA). CRP negatively correlated with FEV1 (β = − 0.180, P < 0.001) and FVC (β = − 0.181, P < 0.001). Higher levels of PA … Continue reading #C-reactive protein mediates the association between leisure-time physical #activity and #lung function in middle-aged and older adults

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Gerontology, Pneumology

Characteristics of Patients Experiencing Rehospitalization or Death After Hospital Discharge in a Nationwide Outbreak of #E-cigarette, or #Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injury — United States, 2019

Some patients hospitalized for e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury (EVALI) have been rehospitalized or have died after hospital discharge.. ..Compared with other EVALI patients, rehospitalized patients and patients who died after hospital discharge were more likely to have one or more chronic conditions, including cardiac disease, chronic pulmonary disease, and diabetes, and to be older. At least one quarter of rehospitalizations and deaths … Continue reading Characteristics of Patients Experiencing Rehospitalization or Death After Hospital Discharge in a Nationwide Outbreak of #E-cigarette, or #Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injury — United States, 2019

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Neurology, Pneumology

Neurontin, Gralise, Horizant (#gabapentin) and Lyrica, Lyrica CR (#pregabalin): Drug Safety Communication – Serious Breathing Problems

..FDA is warning that serious breathing difficulties may occur in patients using gabapentin (Neurontin, Gralise, Horizant) or pregabalin (Lyrica, Lyrica CR) who have respiratory risk factors. These include the use of opioid pain medicines and other drugs that depress the central nervous system, and conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that reduce lung function. The elderly are also at higher risk. FDA is requiring … Continue reading Neurontin, Gralise, Horizant (#gabapentin) and Lyrica, Lyrica CR (#pregabalin): Drug Safety Communication – Serious Breathing Problems

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Cardiology, Diet, Pneumology

Safety and efficacy of high-dose unfractionated #heparin versus high-dose enoxaparin for venous #thromboembolism prevention in morbidly obese hospitalized patients

..A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted in morbidly obese (body mass index ≥ 40 kg/m2) hospitalized patients who received either high-fixed dose enoxaparin (40 mg every 12 hours) or unfractionated heparin (7,500 units every 8 hours) for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. ..In the 305 patients included (n=190 unfractionated heparin, n=115 enoxaparin), the incidence of major bleeding was significantly higher in the unfractionated heparin group (OR … Continue reading Safety and efficacy of high-dose unfractionated #heparin versus high-dose enoxaparin for venous #thromboembolism prevention in morbidly obese hospitalized patients

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Environment, Pneumology

Association of Long-term Ambient #Ozone Exposure With Respiratory Morbidity in #Smokers

..In adjusted analysis, a 5-ppb (parts per billion) increase in ozone concentration was associated with a greater percentage of emphysema (β = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.25-1.64; P = .007) and percentage of air trapping (β = 1.60; 95% CI, 0.16-3.04; P = .03); worse scores for the mMRC Dyspnea Scale (β = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.17; P = .008), CAT (β = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.05-1.26; P = .04), and SGRQ (β = 1.47; 95% CI, 0.01-2.93; P = .048); lower FEV1% predicted value (β = −2.50; … Continue reading Association of Long-term Ambient #Ozone Exposure With Respiratory Morbidity in #Smokers

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Infectivology, Pneumology

Prediction model for #pneumonia in primary care patients with an acute respiratory tract infection: role of symptoms, signs, and biomarkers

Diagnosing pneumonia can be challenging in general practice but is essential to distinguish from other respiratory tract infections because of treatment choice and outcome prediction.. ..Two hundred forty-nine patients were included of whom 30 (12%) displayed a consolidation on chest X ray. Absence of runny nose and whether or not a patient felt ill were independent predictors for pneumonia. #CRP predicts pneumonia better than the … Continue reading Prediction model for #pneumonia in primary care patients with an acute respiratory tract infection: role of symptoms, signs, and biomarkers

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Cardiology, Pneumology, Psychiatry

Effectiveness of a Brief Self-determination Theory–Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Smokers at Emergency Departments in Hong Kong

Clinicians have an opportunity to provide #smoking cessation interventions to smokers who present to emergency departments (EDs). The effectiveness of a brief intervention based on self-determination theory for smoking cessation is uncertain. ..The intervention group received brief advice (about 1 minute) and could choose their own quit schedules (immediate or progressive) ..Compared with the control group, the intervention group had statistically higher biochemically validated abstinence … Continue reading Effectiveness of a Brief Self-determination Theory–Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Smokers at Emergency Departments in Hong Kong

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