Tag: Food

Diet, Gastroenterology

High-#Fiber, Whole-Food Dietary Intervention Alters the Human Gut #Microbiome but Not Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Dietary shifts can have a direct impact on the gut microbiome by preferentially selecting for microbes capable of utilizing the various dietary nutrients. The intake of dietary fiber has decreased precipitously in the last century, while consumption of processed foods has increased. Fiber, or microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs), persist in the digestive tract and can be metabolized by specific bacteria encoding fiber-degrading enzymes. The digestion of … Continue reading High-#Fiber, Whole-Food Dietary Intervention Alters the Human Gut #Microbiome but Not Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

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Diet

#Blood type #diets lack supporting evidence: a systematic review

Background: Diets that are based on the ABO blood group system have been promoted over the past decade and claim to improve health and decrease risk of disease. To our knowledge, the evidence to support the effectiveness of blood type diets has not previously been assessed in the scientific literature. Objective: In this current systematic review, published studies that presented data related to blood type … Continue reading #Blood type #diets lack supporting evidence: a systematic review

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Diet, Endocrinology

Effects of oral #semaglutide on energy intake, #food preference, #appetite, control of eating and body #weight in subjects with type 2 #diabetes

Aims To evaluate the effect of oral semaglutide on energy intake and appetite in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods In this randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, two‐period cross‐over trial, 15 subjects with T2D received 12 weeks’ treatment with once‐daily oral semaglutide (4‐week dose‐escalation from 3 to 7 to 14 mg) followed by placebo, or vice versa. Energy intake was measured during an ad … Continue reading Effects of oral #semaglutide on energy intake, #food preference, #appetite, control of eating and body #weight in subjects with type 2 #diabetes

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Cardiology, Diet

#Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of #Cardiovascular Disease Among Men and Women in the U.S.

Inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Diet modulates inflammation; however, it remains unknown whether dietary patterns with higher inflammatory potential are associated with long-term CVD risk We prospectively followed 74,578 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) (1984–2016), 91,656 women from the NHSII (1991–2015), and 43,911 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2016) who were free of CVD and cancer … Continue reading #Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of #Cardiovascular Disease Among Men and Women in the U.S.

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Diet, Environment

Air #pollution as a determinant of food delivery and related #plastic waste

Plastic waste is a growing environmental concern. The food delivery industry is criticized for its environmental impact, especially its current use of plastic packaging. At the same time, the environment impacts the industry. We show that air pollution is a behavioural driver of food delivery consumption in the urban developing world. Our hypothesis is that individuals are more likely to order delivery when their personal … Continue reading Air #pollution as a determinant of food delivery and related #plastic waste

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Pneumology

Multimorbidity in #asthma, association with allergy, inflammatory markers and symptom burden, results from the Swedish GA2LEN study

..Subjects with asthma, rhinitis and eczema were more likely to be sensitised to seasonal allergens (67 vs 32%, p<0.001), food allergens (54 vs. 18%, p<0.001) and to have a higher degree of sensitisation than subjects with only asthma (23 vs 10%, p<0.001). Subjects with allergic multimorbidity more often had allergic reactions to food (28 vs 10%, p=0.002), more respiratory symptoms and anxiety/depression (40% vs, 14%, … Continue reading Multimorbidity in #asthma, association with allergy, inflammatory markers and symptom burden, results from the Swedish GA2LEN study

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Diet, Endocrinology

Trends in #Adiposity and #Food Insecurity Among US Adults

..Food insecurity is a core indicator of nutritional status and “exists whenever the availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or the ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways is limited or uncertain.” ..Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was food insecurity. Data on BMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) were categorized as follows: normal weight … Continue reading Trends in #Adiposity and #Food Insecurity Among US Adults

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Diet, Gynaecology

Association of Living in a Food Desert With Pregnancy Morbidity

To evaluate whether women living in areas deemed food deserts had higher rates of pregnancy morbidity, specifically preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, prelabor rupture of membranes, preterm labor, than women who did not live in food deserts at the time of their pregnancy and delivery.. This was a retrospective observational study in which we reviewed electronic medical records of all patients who delivered at Loyola … Continue reading Association of Living in a Food Desert With Pregnancy Morbidity

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Diet, Endocrinology

#Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 #Diabetes Among Participants of the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort

Ultraprocessed foods (UPF) are widespread in Western diets. Their consumption has been associated in recent prospective studies with increased risks of all-cause mortality and chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and dyslipidemia; however, data regarding diabetes are lacking. ..Consumption of UPF was associated with a higher risk of T2D (multi-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for an absolute increment of 10 in the percentage of … Continue reading #Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 #Diabetes Among Participants of the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort

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Diet, Sports

Effects of physical activity #calorie equivalent food labelling to reduce food selection and consumption: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies

There is limited evidence that nutritional labelling on food/drinks is changing eating behaviours. Physical activity calorie equivalent (PACE) food labelling aims to provide the public with information about the amount of physical activity required to expend the number of kilocalories in food/drinks (eg, calories in this pizza requires 45 min of running to burn), to encourage healthier food choices and reduce disease.. ..When PACE labelling was … Continue reading Effects of physical activity #calorie equivalent food labelling to reduce food selection and consumption: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies

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Infectivology

Occurrence of #Salmonella, Campylobacter, Clostridium and Enterobacteriaceae in raw #meat-based diets for #dogs

The practice of feeding raw meat-based diets (RMBD) to dogs has increased in popularity in recent years. However, RMBD are based on offal that has not undergone any type of treatment to reduce the microbial content, so there is a risk of potential pathogenic microorganisms being present. Enterobacteriaceae were detected in all 60 samples and in 31 samples exceeded a level of 5000 bacteria/g, which … Continue reading Occurrence of #Salmonella, Campylobacter, Clostridium and Enterobacteriaceae in raw #meat-based diets for #dogs

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