Tag: Alcohol

Diet, Infectivology

Effect of #Zinc Supplementation vs Placebo on Mortality Risk and #HIV Disease Progression Among HIV-Positive Adults With Heavy #Alcohol Use

.. A total of 254 participants (184 men [72%]; mean [SD] age, 34 [6] years) were enrolled in the trial; 126 were randomized to receive zinc, and 128 were randomized to receive placebo. Participants had high CD4 cell counts (mean [SD], 521 [292] cells/mm3), and 188 (74%) reported heavy drinking in the past week. In the main analyses, zinc supplementation did not affect changes in … Continue reading Effect of #Zinc Supplementation vs Placebo on Mortality Risk and #HIV Disease Progression Among HIV-Positive Adults With Heavy #Alcohol Use

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Diet, Neurology

Association of Low to Moderate #Alcohol Drinking With #Cognitive Functions From Middle to Older Age Among US Adults

..The mean (SD) age of 19 887 participants was 61.8 (10.2) years, and the majority of the HRS participants were women (11 943 [60.1%]) and of white race/ethnicity (16 950 [85.2%]). Low to moderate drinking (<8 drinks per week for women and <15 drinks per week for men) was significantly associated with a consistently high cognitive function trajectory and a lower rate of cognitive decline. Compared with never … Continue reading Association of Low to Moderate #Alcohol Drinking With #Cognitive Functions From Middle to Older Age Among US Adults

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Hepatology

Trace element deficiency is highly prevalent and associated with infection and mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis

Malnutrition is common in patients with alcohol‐related liver disease and is associated with outcome in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Trace elements (cobalt, copper, iron, selenium and zinc) are micronutrients essential for many cellular processes including antioxidant pathways. The prevalence and relevance of trace element deficiency is unknown in alcoholic hepatitis. ..Sera from 302 patients with alcoholic hepatitis, 46 with alcohol‐related cirrhosis and 15 healthy controls … Continue reading Trace element deficiency is highly prevalent and associated with infection and mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Oncology

#Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages and Risk of #Esophageal Cancer by Histological Type: A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

We conducted a dose–response meta-analysis to explore the association between alcohol and particular alcoholic beverages with risk of esophageal cancer (EC) by histological type [esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)] and whether the association differs according to gender.. A total of 74 published articles involving 31,105 cases among 3,369,024 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled RRs of the highest versus … Continue reading #Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages and Risk of #Esophageal Cancer by Histological Type: A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

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Environment, Gastroenterology

Associations Between Medical Conditions and #Alcohol Consumption Levels in an Adult Primary Care Population

..Among the 2 720 231 included patients, 1 439 361 (52.9%) were female, 1 308 659 (48.1%) were white, and 883 276 (32.5%) were aged 18 to 34 years. Patients with any of the conditions (except injury or poisoning) had lower odds of drinking at low-risk and unhealthy levels relative to no reported use compared with those without the condition. Among 861 427 patients reporting alcohol use, patients with diabetes (odds ratio [OR], … Continue reading Associations Between Medical Conditions and #Alcohol Consumption Levels in an Adult Primary Care Population

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Gastroenterology, Hepatology

Prediction of liver fibrosis severity in alcoholic liver disease by human microfibrillar‐associated protein 4

Background Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a public health concern that is the cause of half of all cirrhosis‐related deaths. Early detection of fibrosis, ideally in the pre‐cirrhotic stage, is a key strategy for improving ALD outcomes and for preventing progression to cirrhosis. Previous studies identified the blood‐borne marker human microfibrillar‐associated protein 4 (MFAP4) as a biomarker for detection of hepatitis C virus‐related fibrosis.. ..MFAP4 … Continue reading Prediction of liver fibrosis severity in alcoholic liver disease by human microfibrillar‐associated protein 4

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Psychiatry

#Alcohol Use Disorder and Risk of #Suicide in a Swedish Population-Based Cohort

..The lifetime rate of suicide during the observation period was 3.54% for women and 3.94% for men with AUD, compared with 0.29% and 0.76% of women and men, respectively, without AUD. In adjusted analyses, AUD remained robustly associated with suicide: hazard ratios across observation periods ranged from 2.61 to 128.0 among women and from 2.44 to 28.0 among men. Co-relative analyses indicated that familial confounding … Continue reading #Alcohol Use Disorder and Risk of #Suicide in a Swedish Population-Based Cohort

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Environment, Psychiatry

#Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12‐step programs for #alcohol use disorder

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) confers a prodigious burden of disease, disability, premature mortality, and high economic costs from lost productivity, accidents, violence, incarceration, and increased healthcare utilization. For over 80 years, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) has been a widespread AUD recovery organization, with millions of members and treatment free at the point of access, but it is only recently that rigorous research on its effectiveness has … Continue reading #Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12‐step programs for #alcohol use disorder

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Cardiology

Temporal Changes in Resting #Heart Rate, Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Heart #Failure and Cardiovascular Disease: CARDIA Study

..Higher alcohol consumption (β=0.03, p<0.001), lower physical activity (β=0.002,p=001), smoking (β=1.58, p<0.001), men (p<0.001), African-Americans (p<0.001), impaired left ventricular relaxation (e´,β=-0.13, p=0.002), and worse diastolic function (E/e´,β=0.1, p=0.01) were associated with longitudinal increases in resting heart rate. We observed 268 cardiovascular disease and 74 heart failure events over a median of 26 years. In Cox models, baseline and temporal changes in resting heart rate were … Continue reading Temporal Changes in Resting #Heart Rate, Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Heart #Failure and Cardiovascular Disease: CARDIA Study

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Cardiology, Diet

Evidence for a Direct Harmful Effect of #Alcohol on #Myocardial Health: A Large Cross‐Sectional Study of Consumption Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Biomarkers From Northwest Russia, 2015 to 2017

..Measurements were made of the following: (1) high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T, (2) NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide), and (3) hsCRP (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein). The narcology clinic subsample had the most extreme drinking pattern and the highest levels of all 3 biomarkers relative to nonproblem drinkers in the general population: high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T was elevated by 10.3% (95% CI, 3.7%–17.4%), NT‐proBNP by 46.7% (95% CI, … Continue reading Evidence for a Direct Harmful Effect of #Alcohol on #Myocardial Health: A Large Cross‐Sectional Study of Consumption Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Biomarkers From Northwest Russia, 2015 to 2017

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Diet, Hepatology

#Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Liver #Cirrhosis A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

..There was no increased risk for occasional drinkers. Consumption of one drink per day in comparison to long-term abstainers showed an increased risk for liver cirrhosis in women, but not in men. The risk for women was consistently higher compared to men. Drinking ≥5 drinks per day was associated with a substantially increased risk in both women (relative risk [RR] = 12.44, 95% confidence interval … Continue reading #Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Liver #Cirrhosis A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Neurology

Convergent evidence for predispositional effects of #brain gray matter volume on #alcohol consumption

Smaller right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC; i.e., middle and superior frontal gyri) and insula GMVs were associated with increased alcohol use across samples. Family-based and prospective longitudinal data suggest these associations are genetically-conferred and that DLPFC GMV prospectively predicts future use and initiation. Genomic risk for alcohol use was enriched in gene-sets preferentially expressed in the DLPFC, and associated with replicable differential gene expression in … Continue reading Convergent evidence for predispositional effects of #brain gray matter volume on #alcohol consumption

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