Tag: stroke

Cardiology, Neurology

Atrial Cardiopathy in the Absence of Atrial Fibrillation Increases Risk of Ischemic Stroke, Incident Atrial Fibrillation, and Mortality and Improves Stroke Risk Prediction

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major, often undetected, cardiac cause of stroke. Markers of atrial cardiopathy, including left atrial enlargement (LAE) or excessive atrial ectopy (EAE) increase the risk of AF and have shown associations with stroke. We sought to determine whether these markers improve stroke risk prediction beyond traditional vascular risk factors (eg CHA2DS2‐VASc score).. ..Each 10 mm increase in left atrial diameter increased … Continue reading Atrial Cardiopathy in the Absence of Atrial Fibrillation Increases Risk of Ischemic Stroke, Incident Atrial Fibrillation, and Mortality and Improves Stroke Risk Prediction

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Environment, Neurology

Cigarette Smoking and Incident Stroke in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study

Blacks are disproportionately affected by stroke compared with whites; however, less is known about the relationship between stroke and cigarette smoking in blacks. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between cigarette smoking and all incident stroke in the JHS (Jackson Heart Study).. JHS participants without a history of stroke (n=4410) were classified by self‐reported baseline smoking status into current, past (smoked at least 400 cigarettes/life), or … Continue reading Cigarette Smoking and Incident Stroke in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study

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Neurology

Association Between Thrombolytic Door-to-Needle Time and 1-Year Mortality and Readmission in Patients With Acute Ischemic #Stroke

Earlier administration of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in acute ischemic stroke is associated with reduced mortality by the time of hospital discharge and better functional outcomes at 3 months. However, it remains unclear whether shorter door-to-needle times translate into better long-term outcomes.. ..Among the 61 426 patients treated with tPA within 4.5 hours, the median age was 80 years and 43.5% were male. The median … Continue reading Association Between Thrombolytic Door-to-Needle Time and 1-Year Mortality and Readmission in Patients With Acute Ischemic #Stroke

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Neurology

Complement-Dependent Synaptic Uptake and Cognitive Decline after #Stroke and Reperfusion Therapy

..This study addresses two major challenges facing the treatment of stroke in the era of reperfusion therapy: hemorrhagic transformation and the disconnect between successful revascularization and functional outcomes. We studied how complement-dependent neuroinflammation drives the pathophysiology behind these challenges using a translationally relevant strategy. Complement inhibition was achieved using B4Crry, an injury site-targeted inhibitor of C3 activation. Following embolic stroke, pharmacological thrombolysis limited infarct size, … Continue reading Complement-Dependent Synaptic Uptake and Cognitive Decline after #Stroke and Reperfusion Therapy

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Diet, Neurology

#Vegetarian diet and incidence of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic #stroke in 2 cohorts in Taiwan

To determine how a vegetarian diet affects stroke incidence in 2 prospective cohorts and to explore whether the association is modified by dietary vitamin B12 intake.. ..Vegetarians had lower serum vitamin B12 and higher folate and homocysteine than nonvegetarians. In cohort 1, 54 events occurred in 30,797 person-years follow-up. Vegetarians (vs nonvegetarians) experienced lower risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval … Continue reading #Vegetarian diet and incidence of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic #stroke in 2 cohorts in Taiwan

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Diet, Neurology

The associations of major #foods and fibre with risks of ischaemic and haemorrhagic #stroke: a prospective study of 418 329 participants in the EPIC cohort across nine European countries

..For ischaemic stroke (4281 cases), lower risks were observed with higher consumption of fruit and vegetables combined (HR; 95% CI per 200 g/day higher intake, 0.87; 0.82–0.93, P-trend < 0.001), dietary fibre (per 10 g/day, 0.77; 0.69–0.86, P-trend < 0.001), milk (per 200 g/day, 0.95; 0.91–0.99, P-trend = 0.02), yogurt (per 100 g/day, 0.91; 0.85–0.97, P-trend = 0.004), and cheese (per 30 g/day, 0.88; 0.81–0.97, P-trend = 0.008), while higher risk was observed with higher red meat consumption which attenuated … Continue reading The associations of major #foods and fibre with risks of ischaemic and haemorrhagic #stroke: a prospective study of 418 329 participants in the EPIC cohort across nine European countries

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Cardiology, Neurology

Five-Year Outcomes of Transcatheter or Surgical #Aortic-Valve Replacement

..At 5 years, there was no significant difference in the incidence of death from any cause or disabling stroke between the TAVR group and the surgery group (47.9% and 43.4%, respectively; hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 1.25; P=0.21). Results were similar for the transfemoral-access cohort (44.5% and 42.0%, respectively; hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.20), but the incidence of … Continue reading Five-Year Outcomes of Transcatheter or Surgical #Aortic-Valve Replacement

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Cardiology, Neurology, supplements

Estimated #Stroke-Free Survival of #Folic Acid Therapy for Hypertensive Adults

The CSPPT (China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial) demonstrated a significant risk reduction of first stroke in hypertensive patients treated with enalapril plus folic acid compared with those with enalapril alone, but the lifetime stroke-free survival associated with the treatment is unknown.. ..Compared with enalapril alone, the enalapril plus folic acid treatment projected a mean lifetime stroke-free survival gain of 1.75 months, with an interquartile range … Continue reading Estimated #Stroke-Free Survival of #Folic Acid Therapy for Hypertensive Adults

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Cardiology, Environment, Neurology

Association between ambient fine #particulate pollution and hospital admissions for cause specific #cardiovascular disease: time series study in 184 major Chinese cities

..At the national average level, an increase of 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5 was associated with a 0.26% (95% confidence interval 0.17% to 0.35%) increase in hospital admissions on the same day for cardiovascular disease, 0.31% (0.22% to 0.40%) for ischaemic heart disease, 0.27% (0.04% to 0.51%) for heart failure, 0.29% (0.12% to 0.46%) for heart rhythm disturbances, and 0.29% (0.18% to 0.40%) for ischaemic stroke, … Continue reading Association between ambient fine #particulate pollution and hospital admissions for cause specific #cardiovascular disease: time series study in 184 major Chinese cities

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Cardiology, Endocrinology

Does type 2 #diabetes confer higher relative rates of #cardiovascular events in women compared with men?

..calculate overall and age-dependent incidence rates, incidence rate ratios, and women-to-men ratios for myocardial infarction, heart failure, ischaemic stroke, or cardiovascular death (MACE-HF). Among 218 549 (46% women) individuals with diabetes, the absolute rate of MACE-HF was higher in men than in women (24.9 vs. 19.9 per 1000 person-years). Corresponding absolute rates in men and women without diabetes were 10.1 vs. 7.0 per 1000 person-years. … Continue reading Does type 2 #diabetes confer higher relative rates of #cardiovascular events in women compared with men?

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Cardiology, Neurology

#Hemoglobin concentration and risk of arterial and venous #thrombosis in 1.5 million Swedish and Danish blood donors

..The risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke increased with higher hemoglobin concentration in both men and women. The HRs for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke in men with hemoglobin concentration ≥ 17.5 g/dL were 3.52 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.85–4.36) and 2.36 (95% CI, 1.63–3.43), respectively, compared to the reference group. The corresponding HRs for women with hemoglobin concentration ≥ 16.0 g/dL were 3.22 (2.12–4.89) and 2.35 (1.37–4.02) for myocardial … Continue reading #Hemoglobin concentration and risk of arterial and venous #thrombosis in 1.5 million Swedish and Danish blood donors

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Cardiology, Diet, Neurology

Low-Density #Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Risk of Hemorrhagic #stroke: a Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

..A previous meta-analysis of prospective studies published in 2013 showed that higher concentrations of LDL-C were associated with lower risk of hemorrhagic stroke. ..The results showed that a 10 mg/dL increase in LDL-C was associated with 3% lower risk of hemorrhagic stroke (pooled relative risk [RR] 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95–0.98). The association appeared to be more pronounced in Asians (pooled RR 0.95, 95% … Continue reading Low-Density #Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Risk of Hemorrhagic #stroke: a Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

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