Buongiorno! My name is Aldo and I am an Internal Medicine Doctor. This is my Medical News Blog and I'm sure you'll find it useful and informative. All the articles can be searched by Category, Tag or Text. Just click on a post or on the Search link above.
Vulnerability of Large Language Models to Prompt Injection When Providing Medical Advice
Importance Large language models (#LLMs ) are increasingly integrated into health care applications; however, their vulnerability to prompt-injection attacks (ie, maliciously crafted inputs that manipulate an LLM’s behavior) capable of altering medical recommendations has not been systematically evaluated.Objective To evaluate the susceptibility of commercial LLMs to prompt-injection attacks that may induce unsafe clinical advice and… Continue reading Vulnerability of Large Language Models to Prompt Injection When Providing Medical Advice
Predictors and Outcomes of Pulmonary Embolism After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Pulmonary embolism ( #PE ) can be a life-threatening complication following coronary artery bypass grafting (#CABG ). However, the impact of PE on short-term outcomes such as readmission and mortality remains poorly characterized. The Nationwide Readmission Database 2016 to 2021 was queried to identify patients with isolated CABG who were readmitted with PE within 30… Continue reading Predictors and Outcomes of Pulmonary Embolism After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Evaluating the Effects of Perioperative Ketorolac Use on Outcomes After Surgical Treatment of Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ankle Fractures
Background: #Ketorolac is commonly used as part of multimodal analgesia after #orthopaedic surgery; however, concerns persist regarding its potential effects on postoperative #wound healing and fracture union. While previous studies have evaluated ketorolac use in arthroplasty and long bone fractures, data specific to ankle open reduction and internal fixation (#ORIF ) remain limited. This study… Continue reading Evaluating the Effects of Perioperative Ketorolac Use on Outcomes After Surgical Treatment of Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ankle Fractures
Vitamin #B6 predicts poor outcomes in geographically distinct populations with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Background & aims: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (#PSC ) has a variable disease course, complicating patient counseling and timing of liver transplantation. Vitamin B6 deficiency predicts reduced liver transplantation-free survival in Scandinavian PSC cohorts. Here, we aimed to validate this observation in U.S. and German PSC cohorts and expanded our analyses to include hepatic decompensation as… Continue reading Vitamin #B6 predicts poor outcomes in geographically distinct populations with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Antibiotic Exposure Patterns and Clinical Outcomes Preceding Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Retrospective Observational Study
Background #Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains a major cause of healthcare-associated morbidity and mortality, with antibiotic exposure recognized as the principal modifiable risk factor. Variability in antibiotic class, duration, and overlap may influence CDI risk and clinical severity. Local audits of prescribing patterns are essential to inform antimicrobial stewardship strategies. Objective The objective of the… Continue reading Antibiotic Exposure Patterns and Clinical Outcomes Preceding Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Retrospective Observational Study
Behavioral Incentives for Exercise and Intra-Articular Corticosteroids for Knee Osteoarthritis: Results from a Factorially Designed Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial
Purpose: To determine the benefit of a behaviorally-designed incentive program and corticosteroid injections in reducing symptoms and promoting physical activity in patients with knee #osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods: This was a pragmatic, multi-site, factorially-designed, blinded, randomized clinical trial. Participants with a clinical diagnosis of KOA and an indication for joint injection (age 40-85 years; Kellgren-Lawrence X-ray grade… Continue reading Behavioral Incentives for Exercise and Intra-Articular Corticosteroids for Knee Osteoarthritis: Results from a Factorially Designed Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial
Perforating Veins Detected by Endoscopic Ultrasonography Are Useful in Predicting the Recurrence of Esophageal Varices After Endoscopic Variceal Ligation Combined With Argon Plasma Coagulation
Objectives: Few attempts have been made to determine the risk factors for the recurrence of esophageal #varices (EV) and the optimal surveillance interval. This study analyzed whether endoscopic ultrasonography can be used to predict EV recurrence and determine the optimal timing for surveillance #endoscopy post-treatment.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients with EVs who underwent endoscopic variceal… Continue reading Perforating Veins Detected by Endoscopic Ultrasonography Are Useful in Predicting the Recurrence of Esophageal Varices After Endoscopic Variceal Ligation Combined With Argon Plasma Coagulation
Electroacupuncture alleviates acute gouty arthritis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via modulation of the circadian-inflammation axis
Electroacupuncture (#EA ) has shown anti-inflammatory potential in #gouty #arthritis (GA). This study aimed to investigate its therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms. Core acupoints (ST36 and SP6) were identified through data-mining. In MSU-induced GA rats, EA significantly alleviated joint swelling, improved gait, reduced serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and suppressed synovial inflammatory infiltration. Mechanistically, EA… Continue reading Electroacupuncture alleviates acute gouty arthritis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via modulation of the circadian-inflammation axis
Impact of Simulated Risk Factor Management on Cardiovascular Disease and Costs in Type 2 Diabetes Using the ABC Model
Aims: We evaluated the impact of scenario-based multifactorial control on the 3-year incidence of fatal/non-fatal cardiovascular disease (#CVD ) and associated healthcare costs in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes (#T2D ).Materials and methods: We applied the validated 'ABC' model to simulate the 3-year impact of attaining multiple treatment targets (HbA1c < 7%, blood pressure… Continue reading Impact of Simulated Risk Factor Management on Cardiovascular Disease and Costs in Type 2 Diabetes Using the ABC Model
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