Tag: Stress

Environment, Psychiatry

Standardized #massage interventions as protocols for the induction of psychophysiological #relaxation in the laboratory: a block randomized, controlled trial

Health and disease are strongly linked to psychophysiological states. While stress research strongly benefits from standardized stressors, no established protocol focuses on the induction of psychophysiological relaxation. To maintain health, functioning regenerative systems are however likely as important as functioning stress systems. Thus, the identification of validated relaxation paradigms is needed. Here, we investigated whether standardized massages are capable of reliably inducing physiological and psychological … Continue reading Standardized #massage interventions as protocols for the induction of psychophysiological #relaxation in the laboratory: a block randomized, controlled trial

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Psychiatry

#Sleep duration and affective reactivity to #stressors and positive events in daily life

Objective: Experimental evidence suggests that inadequate sleep disrupts next-day affective processing and evokes greater stress reactivity. However, less research has focused on whether sleep predicts next-day affective reactivity to naturally occurring stressors and positive events in daily life, as well as the reversed direction of association (i.e., affective reactivity to daily events as predictors of subsequent sleep). The purpose of this study was to evaluate … Continue reading #Sleep duration and affective reactivity to #stressors and positive events in daily life

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Environment, Infectivology, Psychiatry

The unfolding #COVID-19 pandemic: A probability-based, nationally representative study of #mental health in the U.S.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a collective stressor unfolding over time, yet rigorous published empirical studies addressing mental health consequences of COVID-19 among large probability-based national samples are rare. Between 3/18-4/18/20, during an escalating period of illness and death in the United States, we assessed acute stress, depressive symptoms and direct, community, and media-based exposures to COVID-19 in three consecutive representative samples across three 10-day periods … Continue reading The unfolding #COVID-19 pandemic: A probability-based, nationally representative study of #mental health in the U.S.

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Neurology, Psychiatry

#Placebos without deception reduce self-report and neural measures of emotional #distress

Several recent studies suggest that placebos administered without deception (i.e., non-deceptive placebos) can help people manage a variety of highly distressing clinical disorders and nonclinical impairments. However, whether non-deceptive placebos represent genuine psychobiological effects is unknown. Here we address this issue by demonstrating across two experiments that during a highly arousing negative picture viewing task, non-deceptive placebos reduce both a self-report and neural measure of … Continue reading #Placebos without deception reduce self-report and neural measures of emotional #distress

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Cardiology, Hypertension

Discrimination and #Hypertension Risk Among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

African Americans have a higher risk of hypertension compared with other racial or ethnic groups in the United States. One possible explanation for this disparity is discrimination. Few studies have examined the association between discrimination and incidence of hypertension. We examined whether everyday discrimination, lifetime discrimination, and stress from discrimination were associated with incident hypertension and whether these associations differed by gender, age, discrimination attribution, … Continue reading Discrimination and #Hypertension Risk Among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Emotional #Stress Induces Structural Plasticity in Bergmann Glial Cells via an AC5–CPEB3–GluA1 Pathway

..SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Astrocytes play important roles in synaptic transmission by extending fine processes around synapses. In this study, we showed that a single exposure to an acute stress triggered a retraction of lateral/fine processes in mouse cerebellar astrocytes. These astrocytes express GluA1, a glutamate receptor subunit known to lengthen astrocyte processes. We showed that astrocytic structural changes are associated with a reduction of GluA1 protein … Continue reading Emotional #Stress Induces Structural Plasticity in Bergmann Glial Cells via an AC5–CPEB3–GluA1 Pathway

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Emotional #stress induces structural #plasticity in Bergmann glial cells via an AC5-CPEB3-GluA1 pathway

Stress alters brain function by modifying the structure and function of neurons and astrocytes. The fine processes of astrocytes are critical for the clearance of neurotransmitters during synaptic transmission. Thus, experience-dependent remodeling of glial processes is anticipated to alter the output of neural circuits.. ..Significance statement Astrocytes play important roles in synaptic transmission by extending fine processes around synapses. In this study, we showed that … Continue reading Emotional #stress induces structural #plasticity in Bergmann glial cells via an AC5-CPEB3-GluA1 pathway

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Psychiatry

Thinking ahead and staying in the present: Implications for reactivity to daily stressors

We examined how proactive coping and daily mindfulness may work together to predict emotional reactivity to daily stressors. Using data from the Mindfulness and Anticipatory Coping Everyday study (MACE; Neupert & Bellingtier, 2017; Neupert & Bellingtier, 2019), 116 older adults and 107 younger adults participated in a daily diary study for nine consecutive days. Results from multilevel models suggest that people high in proactive coping … Continue reading Thinking ahead and staying in the present: Implications for reactivity to daily stressors

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Psychiatry

Improving mental health in health care practitioners: Randomized controlled trial of a gratitude intervention.

Chronic occupational #stress is common among health care practitioners, with potential impacts on personal mental health and staff turnover. This study investigated whether directing practitioners’ attention to #thankful events in work could reduce stress and depressive symptoms ..One hundred two practitioners were randomly assigned into 3 conditions: gratitude, hassle, and nil-treatment. Those with scheduled long leaves were excluded. Participants in the gratitude and hassle group … Continue reading Improving mental health in health care practitioners: Randomized controlled trial of a gratitude intervention.

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Psychiatry

Effect of different #nap opportunity durations on short-term maximal performance, attention, feelings, muscle soreness, fatigue, #stress and sleep.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of different nap opportunity durations on short-term maximal performance, attention, feelings, muscle soreness, fatigue, stress and sleep. Twenty physically active men (age: 21.1 ± 3.6 years, height: 176.4 ± 5.7 cm, body-mass: 72 ± 10.8 kg) performed the 5-jump and the digit-cancellation (i.e., attention) tests after four randomized nap opportunity conditions: no-nap opportunity (N0), 25 min of nap opportunity (N25), 35 min of nap opportunity … Continue reading Effect of different #nap opportunity durations on short-term maximal performance, attention, feelings, muscle soreness, fatigue, #stress and sleep.

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Infectivology, Psychiatry

Stress related disorders and subsequent risk of life threatening #infections: population based sibling controlled cohort study

..144 919 individuals with stress related disorders (post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress reaction, adjustment disorder, and other stress reactions) identified from 1987 to 2013 ..Stress related disorders were associated with all studied life threatening infections, with the highest relative risk observed for meningitis (sibling based analysis 1.63 (1.23 to 2.16)) and endocarditis (1.57 (1.08 to 2.30)). Younger age at diagnosis of a stress related disorder … Continue reading Stress related disorders and subsequent risk of life threatening #infections: population based sibling controlled cohort study

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Psychiatry

Relationship Between Daily #Stress, #Depression Symptoms, and #Facebook Addiction Disorder in Germany and in the United States

This study investigated the link between experience of daily stress, depression symptoms, and the Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) in Germany and in the United States. In samples from both countries (German sample: N = 531; U.S. sample: N = 909), daily stress was positively associated with FAD. Depression symptoms significantly positively moderated this positive relationship. Thus, current findings demonstrate that depressed individuals who often tend to intensively use Facebook … Continue reading Relationship Between Daily #Stress, #Depression Symptoms, and #Facebook Addiction Disorder in Germany and in the United States

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