Extremely severe hypertriglyceridemia associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), shock, cerebral edema, acute kidney injury (AKI), and pneumonia represents a rare but life-threatening clinical emergency, particularly when occurring as the initial presentation of previously undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM). In such critically ill patients, prompt management is challenging because clear evidence-based guidelines regarding the role and timing… Continue reading Life-Threatening Hypertriglyceridemia in Diabetic Ketoacidosis Successfully Managed With Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Category: Endocrinology
Effect of insulin sensitivity and secretion defects at mid-pregnancy on early postpartum glucose intolerance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate how insulin sensitivity and secretion defects during mid-pregnancy influence the development of early postpartum glucose intolerance in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: A total of 1,256 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM between October 2005 and March 2023 were enrolled. Participants were categorized into four groups: GDM-normal, GDM-secretion… Continue reading Effect of insulin sensitivity and secretion defects at mid-pregnancy on early postpartum glucose intolerance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Premature ovarian insufficiency in patients with thyroid-related poly-autoimmunity
Background: An anticipated menopause is a disquieting health problem; its association with autoimmune disorders has been reported. However, data about the presence of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and early menopause (EM) framed in thyroid-related poly-autoimmunity are rather scanty. In this view, we described the presence of a precocious menopause in a large cohort of women… Continue reading Premature ovarian insufficiency in patients with thyroid-related poly-autoimmunity
The Incretin Revolution: Integrating Incretin-Based Therapies into Clinical Care
Incretin-based therapies have changed the landscape of modern medical practice. Obesity-related disease processes including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and obstructive sleep apnea improve in patients treated with these medications, and several now carry organ-specific regulatory indications. In this narrative review we summarize the mechanisms through… Continue reading The Incretin Revolution: Integrating Incretin-Based Therapies into Clinical Care
Prevalence and predictors of malignancy in Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules undergoing surgery
Background: Indeterminate thyroid cytology remains a major diagnostic challenge. Thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda category (BC) III and IV carry an intermediate risk of malignancy, and their management often involves a choice between active surveillance and diagnostic surgery. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of benign, low-risk, and malignant lesions in surgically treated patients… Continue reading Prevalence and predictors of malignancy in Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules undergoing surgery
Risk Assessment in MASLD and MetALD: Current Approaches and Future Directions
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD) exist on a continuous spectrum in which fibrosis stage remains the dominant predictor of liver‑related complications. Contemporary non‑invasive risk stratification uses simple serum scores (e.g., Fibrosis‑4 index [FIB‑4]) as a first step, followed by vibration‑controlled transient elastography (VCTE) or liver‑specific blood… Continue reading Risk Assessment in MASLD and MetALD: Current Approaches and Future Directions
Beyond conventional lipid markers: Atherogenic index of plasma and triglyceride-glucose index in relation to cardiometabolic multimorbidity in older adults
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the associations and predictive performance of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index for incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM).Methods: Data was analyzed from 2261 adults (mean age 63 years; 45.0% men) in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing without a history of cardiometabolic disease at baseline (2008-2009).… Continue reading Beyond conventional lipid markers: Atherogenic index of plasma and triglyceride-glucose index in relation to cardiometabolic multimorbidity in older adults
Oral and gut microbiota features associated with weight-loss outcomes after metabolic and bariatric surgery: a pilot study
Background: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is an effective treatment for severe obesity, yet postoperative weight loss outcomes vary considerably between patients. With the relevance of the gut microbiome for obesity, it is of interest to understand the potential role of the oral and gut microbiota for the outcome of MBS. This pilot, hypothesis-generating study… Continue reading Oral and gut microbiota features associated with weight-loss outcomes after metabolic and bariatric surgery: a pilot study
Hypoglycemia unmasking a giant pulmonary solitary fibrous tumor: a case report
Background: Hypoglycemia may result from multiple clinical conditions which are categorized based on clinical status. The first principal step in clinical diagnostic evaluation is measurement of plasma insulin, c-peptide, pro-insulin, and beta-hydroxybutyrate levels. One of the rare causes of hypoglycemia is a group of disorders known as non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICT), which results from… Continue reading Hypoglycemia unmasking a giant pulmonary solitary fibrous tumor: a case report
