Nitrites and nitrates occur naturally in water and soil and are commonly ingested from drinking water and dietary sources. They are also used as food additives, mainly in processed meats, to increase shelf life and to avoid bacterial growth. Experimental studies suggested both benefits and harmful effects of nitrites and nitrates exposure on type 2 …
Category: Endocrinology
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Risks of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used drugs for gastric acid–related diseases and may affect the gut microbiome.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the associations of PPI use with risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsWe analyzed the associations of PPI use with risks of coronary artery disease (CAD), …
Micronutrient deficiencies and anaemia associated with body mass index in Australian adults: a cross-sectional study
Aim To estimate the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and anaemia, and their association with body mass index (BMI) categories among Australian adults. Method We analysed data from the 2011–2013 Australian Health Survey from 3539 participants aged 18 years and over (without known pregnancy) with measured weight and height, and nutrient biomarkers. To address complex sampling, …
Metformin use and associated risk of total joint replacement in patients with type 2 diabetes: a population-based matched cohort study
Background: It is uncertain whether metformin use is associated with reduced risk of joint replacement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to establish whether metformin use was associated with a reduced risk of total knee replacement (TKR) or total hip replacement (THR) among these patients.Methods: We selected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus that …
Simvastatin therapy in higher dosages deteriorates bone quality: Consistent evidence from population-wide patient data and interventional mouse studies
BackgroundCombining mouse experiments with big data analysis of the Austrian population, we investigated the association between high-dose statin treatment and bone quality.MethodsThe bone microarchitecture of the femur and vertebral body L4 was measured in male and ovariectomized female mice on a high-fat diet containing simvastatin (1.2 g/kg). A sex-specific matched big data analysis of Austrian health …
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