Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination may reduce the risk of a range of infectious diseases, and if so, it could protect against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we compared countries that mandated BCG vaccination until at least 2000 with countries that did not. To minimize any systematic effects of reporting biases, we analyzed the rate of… Continue reading Mandated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (#BCG) vaccination predicts flattened curves for the spread of #COVID-19
Selective and cross-reactive #SARS-CoV-2 #T cell epitopes in unexposed humans
Many unknowns exist about human immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. SARS-CoV-2 reactive CD4+ T cells have been reported in unexposed individuals, suggesting pre-existing cross-reactive T cell memory in 20-50% of people. However, the source of those T cells has been speculative. Using human blood samples derived before the SARS-CoV-2 virus was discovered in 2019,… Continue reading Selective and cross-reactive #SARS-CoV-2 #T cell epitopes in unexposed humans
Effect of Long-term Vitamin #D3 Supplementation vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant #Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores A Randomized Clinical Trial
Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D have been associated with higher risk for depression later in life, but there have been few long-term, high-dose large-scale trials.. Randomized assignment in a 2 × 2 factorial design to vitamin D3 (2000 IU/d of cholecalciferol) and fish oil or placebo; 9181 were randomized to vitamin D3 and 9172 were randomized to… Continue reading Effect of Long-term Vitamin #D3 Supplementation vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant #Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores A Randomized Clinical Trial
Associations between abdominal #obesity indices and #diabetic complications: Chinese visceral #adiposity index and neck circumference
Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, has been considered a risk factor for diabetic complications. Many abdominal obesity indices have been established, including neck circumference (NC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI) and the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI). However, studies investigating the associations between these indices and diabetic complications are limited.… Continue reading Associations between abdominal #obesity indices and #diabetic complications: Chinese visceral #adiposity index and neck circumference
Mild to moderate partial #sleep deprivation is associated with increased #impulsivity and decreased positive affect in young adults
The effects of mild–moderate partial sleep deprivation on affective and cognitive functioning were evaluated in a naturalistic home environment, mimicking short sleep typically caused by demands from work or society. A total of 52 healthy individuals aged 18–35 was included in an 11-day study protocol. Participants slept at home, and sleep patterns were observed using… Continue reading Mild to moderate partial #sleep deprivation is associated with increased #impulsivity and decreased positive affect in young adults
Factors associated with #sleep disturbance in patients with chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease
Poor sleep quality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (#COPD ) has been associated with poor health outcomes. However, there is a lack of research on factors associated with sleep disturbance in patients with COPD.. This was a prospective, multicenter cross‐sectional study enrolling a sample of 245 COPD subjects. All patients completed the patient‐reported… Continue reading Factors associated with #sleep disturbance in patients with chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease
Google searches for #suicide and suicide risk factors in the early stages of the #COVID-19 pandemic
A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the COVID-19 respiratory illness, emerged in December of 2019 and has since spread globally. The dramatic lifestyle changes and stressors associated with this pandemic pose a threat to mental health and have the potential to exacerbate risk factors for suicide. We used autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to… Continue reading Google searches for #suicide and suicide risk factors in the early stages of the #COVID-19 pandemic
#Hyperglycaemia is associated with impaired muscle signalling and #aerobic adaptation to exercise
Increased aerobic exercise capacity, as a result of exercise training, has important health benefits. However, some individuals are resistant to improvements in exercise capacity, probably due to undetermined genetic and environmental factors. Here, we show that exercise-induced improvements in aerobic capacity are blunted and aerobic remodelling of skeletal muscle is impaired in several animal models… Continue reading #Hyperglycaemia is associated with impaired muscle signalling and #aerobic adaptation to exercise
Sex-specific associations between #erythrocyte measures and obstructive #sleep apnea
STUDY OBJECTIVES:Hypoxemic effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have been implicated in changes in erythropoiesis and hence erythrocyte measures. Sex differences are evident in both OSA and erythropoiesis. Whether sex modulates the relationship between severity of OSA and erythrocyte measures has not previously been studied.. ..RESULTS:In multiple regression models, we found significant interactions between sex… Continue reading Sex-specific associations between #erythrocyte measures and obstructive #sleep apnea
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