The surface of the human cerebellar cortex is much more tightly folded than the cerebral cortex. It was computationally reconstructed for the first time to the level of all individual folia from multicontrast high-resolution postmortem MRI scans. Its total shrinkage-corrected surface area (1,590 cm2) was larger than expected or previously reported, equal to 78% of… Continue reading The human #cerebellum has almost 80% of the surface area of the #neocortex
Conservation of #brain connectivity and wiring across the mammalian class
Over 100 years ago, Ramon y Cajal hypothesized that two forces played a role in the evolution of mammalian brain connectivity: minimizing wiring costs and maximizing conductivity speed. Using diffusion MRI, we reconstructed the brain connectomes of 123 mammalian species. Network analysis revealed that both connectivity and the wiring cost are conserved across mammals. We… Continue reading Conservation of #brain connectivity and wiring across the mammalian class
Complementary contributions of non-REM and #REM sleep to visual #learning
Sleep is beneficial for learning. However, it remains unclear whether learning is facilitated by non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep or by REM sleep, whether it results from plasticity increases or stabilization, and whether facilitation results from learning-specific processing. Here, we trained volunteers on a visual task and measured the excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) balance in… Continue reading Complementary contributions of non-REM and #REM sleep to visual #learning
Nine-year prospective efficacy and safety of brain-responsive #neurostimulation for focal #epilepsy
Prospectively evaluate safety and efficacy of brain-responsive neurostimulation in adults with medically intractable focal onset seizures (FOS) over 9 years.. Adults treated with brain-responsive neurostimulation within 2 year feasibility or randomized controlled trials enrolled into a long-term prospective open label trial (LTT) to assess safety, efficacy, and quality of life (QOL) over an additional 7… Continue reading Nine-year prospective efficacy and safety of brain-responsive #neurostimulation for focal #epilepsy
Association of triage #hypothermia with in-hospital mortality among patients in the emergency department with suspected #sepsis
To identify if triage hypothermia (<36.0 °C) among emergency department (ED) encounters with sepsis are independently associated with mortality.. ..Of 1.2 billion ED encounters (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0–1.3 billion), 3.1 million (95% CI 2.7–3.5 million) met the explicit sepsis definition; 7.4% (95% CI 75.2–9.7%) had triage hypothermia. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for hypothermia… Continue reading Association of triage #hypothermia with in-hospital mortality among patients in the emergency department with suspected #sepsis
Association of #Menopausal Hormone Therapy With Breast #Cancer Incidence and Mortality During Long-term Follow-up of the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trials
In the trial involving 16 608 women with a uterus, 8506 were randomized to receive 0.625 mg/d of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) plus 2.5 mg/d of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and 8102, placebo. In the trial involving 10 739 women with prior hysterectomy, 5310 were randomized to receive 0.625 mg/d of CEE alone and 5429, placebo. The CEE-plus-MPA… Continue reading Association of #Menopausal Hormone Therapy With Breast #Cancer Incidence and Mortality During Long-term Follow-up of the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trials
The temporal association between incident late‐life #depression and incident #dementia
There is an established association between depression and subsequent dementia. The present study examined temporal associations between incident late‐life depression and subsequent dementia, also considering age and sex.. ..Incident depression was associated with a higher risk of subsequent dementia (incidence rate ratios (IRR) adjusted for age and sex: IRR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.51‐1.64).… Continue reading The temporal association between incident late‐life #depression and incident #dementia
Statin adherence and risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality among dyslipidemia patients: A time-dependent analysis
Results have been mixed and uncertainty still remains regarding the impact of statin adherence on premature deaths. Thus, we investigated the association between statin adherence and risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality among dyslipidemia patients in South Korea.. We used data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) National Sample Cohort for the years… Continue reading Statin adherence and risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality among dyslipidemia patients: A time-dependent analysis
Association of Nonoperative Management Using Antibiotic Therapy vs Laparoscopic #Appendectomy With Treatment Success and Disability Days in Children With Uncomplicated #Appendicitis
Nonoperative management with antibiotics alone has the potential to treat uncomplicated pediatric appendicitis with fewer disability days than surgery.. ..Patient and family selection of nonoperative management with antibiotics alone (nonoperative group, n = 370) or urgent (≤12 hours of admission) laparoscopic appendectomy (surgery group, n = 698). Main Outcomes and Measures The 2 primary outcomes assessed at 1 year… Continue reading Association of Nonoperative Management Using Antibiotic Therapy vs Laparoscopic #Appendectomy With Treatment Success and Disability Days in Children With Uncomplicated #Appendicitis
2 Medical News 