Category: Neurology

Neurology, Psychiatry

State-dependent responses to intracranial brain stimulation in a patient with #depression

Deep brain stimulation is a promising treatment for severe depression, but lack of efficacy in randomized trials raises questions regarding anatomical targeting. We implanted multi-site intracranial electrodes in a severely depressed patient and systematically assessed the acute response to focal electrical neuromodulation. We found an elaborate repertoire of distinctive emotional responses that were rapid in onset, reproducible, and context and state dependent. Results provide proof … Continue reading State-dependent responses to intracranial brain stimulation in a patient with #depression

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Infectivology, Neurology, Psychiatry

6-month consequences of #COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study

The long-term health consequences of COVID-19 remain largely unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the long-term health consequences of patients with COVID-19 who have been discharged from hospital and investigate the associated risk factors, in particular disease severity.. ..In total, 1733 of 2469 discharged patients with COVID-19 were enrolled after 736 were excluded. Patients had a median age of 57·0 (IQR 47·0–65·0) … Continue reading 6-month consequences of #COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study

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Cardiology, Neurology

Clinical Outcomes Associated With Left #Atrial Appendage Occlusion Versus Direct Oral #Anticoagulation in Atrial #Fibrillation

This study sought to investigate clinical outcomes associated with left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) versus direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with high-risk atrial fibrillation (AF).. ..Patients with AF enrolled in the Amulet Observational Registry (n = 1,088) who had successful LAAO with the Amplatzer Amulet device (n = 1,078) were compared with a propensity score–matched control cohort of incident AF patients (n = 1,184) … Continue reading Clinical Outcomes Associated With Left #Atrial Appendage Occlusion Versus Direct Oral #Anticoagulation in Atrial #Fibrillation

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Gerontology, Neurology, Psychiatry

#Depression and increased risk of #Alzheimer’s #dementia: longitudinal analyses of modifiable risk and sex-related factors.

Highlights •We investigated whether recent and/or remote depression was associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) and whether this risk differed between men and women. •Recent depression was independently associated with increased risk of incident AD while remote depression was not. Recent depression was predictive of AD development in females, but not in males, while sex did not moderate recent depression-associated risk of developing … Continue reading #Depression and increased risk of #Alzheimer’s #dementia: longitudinal analyses of modifiable risk and sex-related factors.

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Cardiology, Neurology

Five‐Year Risk of Acute #Myocardial Infarction After Acute Ischemic #Stroke in Korea

The long‐term incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has not been well defined in large cohort studies of various race‐ethnic groups. A prospective cohort of patients with AIS who were registered in a multicenter nationwide stroke registry (CRCS‐K [Clinical Research Collaboration for Stroke in Korea] registry) was followed up for the occurrence of AMI through a linkage with … Continue reading Five‐Year Risk of Acute #Myocardial Infarction After Acute Ischemic #Stroke in Korea

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Neurology

BBB pathophysiology–independent delivery of siRNA in traumatic #brain injury

Small interfering RNA (siRNA)–based therapeutics can mitigate the long-term sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI) but suffer from poor permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). One approach to overcoming this challenge involves treatment administration while BBB is transiently breached after injury. However, it offers a limited window for therapeutic intervention and is applicable to only a subset of injuries with substantially breached BBB. We report … Continue reading BBB pathophysiology–independent delivery of siRNA in traumatic #brain injury

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Cardiology, Neurology

Association between Pre-Existing #Coronary Artery Disease and 5-Year Mortality in #Stroke Patients with High-Grade Carotid Artery Stenosis

The coincidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and carotid artery stenosis (CAS) was observed. However, the association between pre-existing CAD and ischemic stroke (IS) outcome in patients with high-grade CAS remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between pre-existing CAD and outcomes of acute IS patients with high-grade CAS. Methods: From January 1, 2007, to April 30, 2012, we enrolled 372 acute IS patients … Continue reading Association between Pre-Existing #Coronary Artery Disease and 5-Year Mortality in #Stroke Patients with High-Grade Carotid Artery Stenosis

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Gastroenterology, Infectivology, Neurology

Gut #microbiota depletion by chronic #antibiotic treatment alters the sleep/wake architecture and #sleep EEG power spectra in mice

Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota affects physiological processes, including brain functions, by altering the intestinal metabolism. Here we examined the effects of the gut microbiota on sleep/wake regulation. C57BL/6 male mice were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 4 weeks to deplete their gut microbiota. Metabolome profiling of cecal contents in antibiotic-induced microbiota-depleted (AIMD) and control mice showed significant variations in the metabolism of amino acids … Continue reading Gut #microbiota depletion by chronic #antibiotic treatment alters the sleep/wake architecture and #sleep EEG power spectra in mice

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Cardiology, Neurology, Sports

#Cardiovascular health metrics from mid- to late-life and risk of #dementia: A population-based cohort study in Finland

Very few studies have explored the patterns of cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics in midlife and late life in relation to risk of dementia. We examined the associations of composite CVH metrics from midlife to late life with risk of incident dementia. This cohort study included 1,449 participants from the Finnish Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE) study, who were followed from midlife (baseline from1972 … Continue reading #Cardiovascular health metrics from mid- to late-life and risk of #dementia: A population-based cohort study in Finland

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Environment, Neurology

Prefrontal– #amygdala circuits in #social decision-making

An increasing amount of research effort is being directed toward investigating the neural bases of social cognition from a systems neuroscience perspective. Evidence from multiple animal species is beginning to provide a mechanistic understanding of the substrates of social behaviors at multiple levels of neurobiology, ranging from those underlying high-level social constructs in humans and their more rudimentary underpinnings in monkeys to circuit-level and cell-type-specific … Continue reading Prefrontal– #amygdala circuits in #social decision-making

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Neurology

Trial of #Dexamethasone for Chronic Subdural #Hematoma

Chronic subdural hematoma is a common neurologic disorder that is especially prevalent among older people. The effect of dexamethasone on outcomes in patients with chronic subdural hematoma has not been well studied.. ..From August 2015 through November 2019, a total of 748 patients were included in the trial after randomization — 375 were assigned to the dexamethasone group and 373 to the placebo group. The … Continue reading Trial of #Dexamethasone for Chronic Subdural #Hematoma

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Neurology, Psychiatry

#Apathy in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal #dementia predicts cognitive decline and is driven by structural brain changes

Apathy adversely affects prognosis and survival of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We test whether apathy develops in presymptomatic genetic FTD, and is associated with cognitive decline and brain atrophy.. ..Results Apathy severity increased over time in presymptomatic carriers, but not in non‐carriers. In presymptomatic carriers, baseline apathy predicted cognitive decline over two years, but not vice versa. Apathy progression was associated with baseline low … Continue reading #Apathy in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal #dementia predicts cognitive decline and is driven by structural brain changes

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