Category: Neurology

Diet, Neurology

Association of Low to Moderate #Alcohol Drinking With #Cognitive Functions From Middle to Older Age Among US Adults

..The mean (SD) age of 19 887 participants was 61.8 (10.2) years, and the majority of the HRS participants were women (11 943 [60.1%]) and of white race/ethnicity (16 950 [85.2%]). Low to moderate drinking (<8 drinks per week for women and <15 drinks per week for men) was significantly associated with a consistently high cognitive function trajectory and a lower rate of cognitive decline. Compared with never … Continue reading Association of Low to Moderate #Alcohol Drinking With #Cognitive Functions From Middle to Older Age Among US Adults

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Infectivology, Neurology

Skeletal muscle antagonizes antiviral CD8+ T cell exhaustion

CD8+ T cells become functionally impaired or “exhausted” in chronic infections, accompanied by unwanted body weight reduction and muscle mass loss. Whether muscle regulates T cell exhaustion remains incompletely understood. We report that mouse skeletal muscle increased interleukin (IL)–15 production during LCMV clone 13 chronic infection. Muscle-specific ablation of Il15 enhanced the CD8+ T cell exhaustion phenotype. Muscle-derived IL-15 was required to maintain a population … Continue reading Skeletal muscle antagonizes antiviral CD8+ T cell exhaustion

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Neurology

Smartphone use and primary #headache A cross-sectional hospital-based study

In a cross-sectional study between June 2017 and December 2018, patients with primary headache were divided into 2 groups: smartphone users (SUs) and non-smartphone users (NSUs). A questionnaire was administered for headache characteristics and treatment taken. The primary objective was to determine the association of smartphone use with new-onset headache or increase severity. The secondary objective was to determine any differences in the requirement of … Continue reading Smartphone use and primary #headache A cross-sectional hospital-based study

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Neurology

Reversing a model of #Parkinson’s disease with in situ converted nigral neurons

Parkinson’s disease is characterized by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra1. Similar to other major neurodegenerative disorders, there are no disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson’s disease. While most treatment strategies aim to prevent neuronal loss or protect vulnerable neuronal circuits, a potential alternative is to replace lost neurons to reconstruct disrupted circuits2. Here we report an efficient one-step conversion of isolated mouse and human … Continue reading Reversing a model of #Parkinson’s disease with in situ converted nigral neurons

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Gastroenterology, Neurology

Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with higher dementia risk: a nationwide longitudinal study

Increasing evidence supports reciprocal communication between the enteric and the central nervous system in disease, termed the ‘gut–brain axis’. Recent findings suggest a connection between IBD and development of Parkinson’s disease. The role of IBD in dementia, another insidious neurodegenerative disorder, has not been explored.. ..Overall incidence of dementia among patients with IBD was significantly elevated (5.5% vs 1.4% among controls). Patients with IBD were … Continue reading Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with higher dementia risk: a nationwide longitudinal study

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Diet, Neurology, Sports

Healthy #lifestyle and the risk of #Alzheimer dementia

Using data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP; n = 1,845) and the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP; n = 920), we defined a healthy lifestyle score on the basis of nonsmoking, ≥150 min/wk moderate/vigorous-intensity physical activity, light to moderate alcohol consumption, high-quality Mediterranean-DASH Diet.. ..During a median follow-up of 5.8 years in CHAP and 6.0 years in MAP, 379 and 229 … Continue reading Healthy #lifestyle and the risk of #Alzheimer dementia

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Infectivology, Neurology

Detection of Ciprofloxacin resistant beta lactamase producing Neisseria meningitidis

What is already known about this topic? Most Neisseria meningitidis isolates in the United States have been susceptible to antibiotics recommended for treatment and prophylaxis. What is added by this report? During 2019–2020, 11 meningococcal isolates from U.S. patients had isolates containing a blaROB-1 β-lactamase gene associated with penicillin resistance and mutations associated with ciprofloxacin resistance. An additional 22 cases reported during 2013–2020 contained blaROB-1 … Continue reading Detection of Ciprofloxacin resistant beta lactamase producing Neisseria meningitidis

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Gastroenterology, Neurology

Permissive microbiome characterizes human subjects with a neurovascular disease cavernous angioma

Cavernous angiomas (CA) are common vascular anomalies causing brain hemorrhage. Based on mouse studies, roles of gram-negative bacteria and altered intestinal homeostasis have been implicated in CA pathogenesis, and pilot study had suggested potential microbiome differences between non-CA and CA individuals based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We here assess microbiome differences in a larger cohort of human subjects with and without CA, and among … Continue reading Permissive microbiome characterizes human subjects with a neurovascular disease cavernous angioma

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Repetitive negative #thinking is associated with #amyloid, tau, and cognitive decline

The Cognitive Debt hypothesis proposes that repetitive negative thinking (RNT), a modifiable process common to many psychological risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may itself increase risk. We sought to empirically examine relationships between RNT and markers of AD, compared with anxiety and depression symptoms. ..RNT was associated with decline in global cognition (P = .02); immediate (P = .03) and delayed memory (P = … Continue reading Repetitive negative #thinking is associated with #amyloid, tau, and cognitive decline

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Neurology

Daily listening to Mozart reduces seizures in individuals with epilepsy: A randomized control study

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders . Many individuals continue to have seizures despite medical and surgical treatments, suggesting adjunctive management strategies are required. Promising effects of daily listening to Mozart on reducing seizure frequency in individuals with epilepsy have been demonstrated over the last 20 years, but not in a rigorously controlled manner. In this study, we compared the effect on … Continue reading Daily listening to Mozart reduces seizures in individuals with epilepsy: A randomized control study

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Cardiology, Neurology

Atrial Cardiopathy in the Absence of Atrial Fibrillation Increases Risk of Ischemic Stroke, Incident Atrial Fibrillation, and Mortality and Improves Stroke Risk Prediction

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major, often undetected, cardiac cause of stroke. Markers of atrial cardiopathy, including left atrial enlargement (LAE) or excessive atrial ectopy (EAE) increase the risk of AF and have shown associations with stroke. We sought to determine whether these markers improve stroke risk prediction beyond traditional vascular risk factors (eg CHA2DS2‐VASc score).. ..Each 10 mm increase in left atrial diameter increased … Continue reading Atrial Cardiopathy in the Absence of Atrial Fibrillation Increases Risk of Ischemic Stroke, Incident Atrial Fibrillation, and Mortality and Improves Stroke Risk Prediction

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Environment, Neurology

Cigarette Smoking and Incident Stroke in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study

Blacks are disproportionately affected by stroke compared with whites; however, less is known about the relationship between stroke and cigarette smoking in blacks. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between cigarette smoking and all incident stroke in the JHS (Jackson Heart Study).. JHS participants without a history of stroke (n=4410) were classified by self‐reported baseline smoking status into current, past (smoked at least 400 cigarettes/life), or … Continue reading Cigarette Smoking and Incident Stroke in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study

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