Category: Infectivology

Gastroenterology, Infectivology

Depicting #SARS-CoV-2 faecal viral activity in association with #gut microbiota composition in patients with COVID-19

Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA was detected in faeces of patients with COVID-19, the activity and infectivity of the virus in the GI tract during disease course is largely unknown. We investigated temporal transcriptional activity of SARS-CoV-2 and its association with longitudinal faecal microbiome alterations in patients with COVID-19.. Seven (46.7%) of 15 patients with COVID-19 had stool positivity for SARS-CoV-2 … Continue reading Depicting #SARS-CoV-2 faecal viral activity in association with #gut microbiota composition in patients with COVID-19

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Infectivology

Robust T cell response towards spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid #SARS-CoV-2 proteins is not associated with recovery in critical COVID-19 patients

T cell immunity towards SARS-CoV-2 spike (S), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N)-proteins might define COVID-19 severity. Therefore, we compare the SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell responses in moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients and unexposed donors. Overlapping peptide pools of all three proteins induce SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell response with dominance of CD4+ over CD8+ T cells and demonstrate interindividual immunity against the three proteins. M-protein induces the … Continue reading Robust T cell response towards spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid #SARS-CoV-2 proteins is not associated with recovery in critical COVID-19 patients

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Cardiology, Infectivology

Association of Infections and Use of #Fluoroquinolones With the Risk of Aortic #Aneurysm or Aortic Dissection

Prior observational studies have suggested that fluoroquinolone use may be associated with more than 2-fold increased risk of aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection (AA/AD). These studies, however, did not fully consider the role of coexisting infections and the risk of fluoroquinolones relative to other antibiotics.. .. A total of 28 948 cases and 289 480 matched controls were included (71.37% male; mean [SD] age, 67.41 [15.03] years). … Continue reading Association of Infections and Use of #Fluoroquinolones With the Risk of Aortic #Aneurysm or Aortic Dissection

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Gerontology, Infectivology, Uncategorized

Infection Fatality Ratios for #COVID-19 Among Noninstitutionalized Persons 12 and Older: Results of a Random-Sample Prevalence Study

Background: Because many cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are asymptomatic, generalizable data on the true number of persons infected are lacking. Mortality rates therefore are calculated from confirmed cases, which overestimates the infection fatality ratio (IFR). To calculate a true IFR, population prevalence data are needed from large geographic areas where reliable death data also exist. Most previous IFR estimates came from non-U.S. populations, … Continue reading Infection Fatality Ratios for #COVID-19 Among Noninstitutionalized Persons 12 and Older: Results of a Random-Sample Prevalence Study

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Infectivology

COVID-19 Update: FDA Broadens Emergency Use Authorization for Veklury (#remdesivir) to Include All Hospitalized Patients for Treatment of #COVID-19

…based on the Agency’s ongoing review of the EUA, including its review of the totality of scientific information now available, the FDA has determined that it is reasonable to believe Veklury may be effective for the treatment of suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in all hospitalized adult and pediatric patients. The Agency’s review has also concluded that the known and potential benefits of Veklury outweigh the … Continue reading COVID-19 Update: FDA Broadens Emergency Use Authorization for Veklury (#remdesivir) to Include All Hospitalized Patients for Treatment of #COVID-19

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Cardiology, Infectivology

Meta-analysis of Effectiveness of #Statins in Patients with Severe #COVID-19

..Our Pubmed search yielded 274 potential studies. After deduplication and application of the eligibility criteria, four studies with a total of 8,990 COVID-19 patients were included for meta-analysis. Except for Yan et al. which is of moderate quality (5/9), other studies are of good quality (at least 7/9). Study characteristics are provided in Table 1. The pooled analysis revealed a significantly reduced hazard for fatal … Continue reading Meta-analysis of Effectiveness of #Statins in Patients with Severe #COVID-19

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Infectivology

Modeling the Onset of #Symptoms of #COVID-19

COVID-19 is a pandemic viral disease with catastrophic global impact. This disease is more contagious than influenza such that cluster outbreaks occur frequently. If patients with symptoms quickly underwent testing and contact tracing, these outbreaks could be contained. Unfortunately, COVID-19 patients have symptoms similar to other common illnesses. Here, we hypothesize the order of symptom occurrence could help patients and medical professionals more quickly distinguish … Continue reading Modeling the Onset of #Symptoms of #COVID-19

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Environment, Infectivology

Co‐occurrence of #antibiotic, biocide, and heavy #metal resistance genes in bacteria from metal and radionuclide contaminated soils at the Savannah River Site

Contaminants such as heavy metals may contribute to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by enriching resistance gene determinants via co‐selection mechanisms. In the present study, a survey was performed on soils collected from four areas at the Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina, USA, with varying contaminant profiles: relatively pristine (Upper Three Runs), heavy metals (Ash Basins), radionuclides (Pond B) and heavy metal and … Continue reading Co‐occurrence of #antibiotic, biocide, and heavy #metal resistance genes in bacteria from metal and radionuclide contaminated soils at the Savannah River Site

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Diet, Infectivology, Pneumology

Effectiveness of #honey for symptomatic relief in upper #respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Antibiotic over prescription for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in primary care exacerbates antimicrobial resistance. There is a need for effective alternatives to antibiotic prescribing. Honey is a lay remedy for URTIs, and has an emerging evidence base for its use. Honey has antimicrobial properties, and guidelines recommended honey for acute cough in children.. ..We identified 1345 unique records, and 14 studies were included. Overall … Continue reading Effectiveness of #honey for symptomatic relief in upper #respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Environment, Infectivology

Clinical Course and Molecular Viral Shedding Among Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients With #SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Community Treatment Center in the Republic of Korea

There is limited information about the clinical course and viral load in asymptomatic patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).. Epidemiologic, demographic, and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. Attending health care personnel carefully identified patients’ symptoms during isolation. The decision to release an individual from isolation was based on the results of reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay from upper respiratory … Continue reading Clinical Course and Molecular Viral Shedding Among Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients With #SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Community Treatment Center in the Republic of Korea

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Cardiology, Infectivology

Association of acute myocardial #infarction with #influenza: A nationwide observational study

Influenza may precipitate cardiovascular disease, but influenza typically peaks in winter, coinciding with other triggers of myocardial infarction (MI) such as low air temperature, high wind velocity, low atmospheric pressure, and short sunshine duration.. Weekly laboratory-confirmed influenza case reports were obtained from the Public Health Agency of Sweden from 2009 to 2016 and merged with the nationwide SWEDEHEART MI registry. Weekly incidence of MI was … Continue reading Association of acute myocardial #infarction with #influenza: A nationwide observational study

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Infectivology, Pediatry, Pneumology

Reducing #Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care for #Respiratory Illness

One-third of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions for pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are inappropriate. We evaluated a distance learning program’s effectiveness for reducing outpatient antibiotic prescribing for ARTI visits.. In this stepped-wedge clinical trial run from November 2015 to June 2018, we randomly assigned 19 pediatric practices belonging to the Pediatric Research in Office Settings Network or the NorthShore University HealthSystem to 4 wedges. Visits … Continue reading Reducing #Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care for #Respiratory Illness

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