Category: Infectivology

Infectivology, Psychiatry

#Meningeal γδ T cells regulate #anxiety-like behavior via IL-17a signaling in neurons

Interleukin (IL)-17a has been highly conserved during evolution of the vertebrate immune system and widely studied in contexts of infection and autoimmunity. Studies suggest that IL-17a promotes behavioral changes in experimental models of autism and aggregation behavior in worms. Here, through a cellular and molecular characterization of meningeal γδ17 T cells, we defined the nearest central nervous system–associated source of IL-17a under homeostasis. Meningeal γδ … Continue reading #Meningeal γδ T cells regulate #anxiety-like behavior via IL-17a signaling in neurons

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Infectivology, Rheumatology

Risk for Serious #Infection With Low-Dose #Glucocorticoids in Patients With #Rheumatoid Arthritis

Low-dose glucocorticoids are frequently used for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other chronic conditions, but the safety of long-term use remains uncertain.. ..Associations between glucocorticoid dose (none, ≤5 mg/d, >5 to 10 mg/d, and >10 mg/d) and hospitalized infection were evaluated using inverse probability–weighted analyses, with 1-year cumulative incidence predicted from weighted models. Results: 247 297 observations were identified among 172 041 patients … Continue reading Risk for Serious #Infection With Low-Dose #Glucocorticoids in Patients With #Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Environment, Infectivology, Psychiatry

The unfolding #COVID-19 pandemic: A probability-based, nationally representative study of #mental health in the U.S.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a collective stressor unfolding over time, yet rigorous published empirical studies addressing mental health consequences of COVID-19 among large probability-based national samples are rare. Between 3/18-4/18/20, during an escalating period of illness and death in the United States, we assessed acute stress, depressive symptoms and direct, community, and media-based exposures to COVID-19 in three consecutive representative samples across three 10-day periods … Continue reading The unfolding #COVID-19 pandemic: A probability-based, nationally representative study of #mental health in the U.S.

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Infectivology, Pneumology

Chest x-ray findings and temporal #lung changes in patients with #COVID-19 pneumonia

Chest CT scan and chest x-rays show characteristic radiographic findings in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Chest x-ray can be used in diagnosis and follow up in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The study aims at describing the chest x-ray findings and temporal radiographic changes in COVID-19 patients.. ..A total of 88 patients (50 (56.8%) females and 38 (43.2%) males) were admitted to the hospital with confirmed … Continue reading Chest x-ray findings and temporal #lung changes in patients with #COVID-19 pneumonia

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Infectivology, Neurology

Increased risk of acute #stroke among patients with severe #COVID‐19: a multicenter study and meta‐analysis

Recent observations linked coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) to thromboembolic complications possibly mediated by increased blood coagulability and inflammatory endothelial impairment. We aimed to define the risk of acute stroke in patients with severe and non‐severe COVID‐19.. ..Of 165 patients hospitalized for COVID‐19 (49.1% males, median age 67 [57‐79], 72.1% severe or critical) included in the multicenter study, overall stroke rate was 4.2% (95%CI: 1.9‐8.7). Systematic … Continue reading Increased risk of acute #stroke among patients with severe #COVID‐19: a multicenter study and meta‐analysis

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Gastroenterology, Infectivology

Depicting #SARS-CoV-2 faecal viral activity in association with #gut microbiota composition in patients with COVID-19

Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA was detected in faeces of patients with COVID-19, the activity and infectivity of the virus in the GI tract during disease course is largely unknown. We investigated temporal transcriptional activity of SARS-CoV-2 and its association with longitudinal faecal microbiome alterations in patients with COVID-19.. Seven (46.7%) of 15 patients with COVID-19 had stool positivity for SARS-CoV-2 … Continue reading Depicting #SARS-CoV-2 faecal viral activity in association with #gut microbiota composition in patients with COVID-19

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Infectivology

Robust T cell response towards spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid #SARS-CoV-2 proteins is not associated with recovery in critical COVID-19 patients

T cell immunity towards SARS-CoV-2 spike (S), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N)-proteins might define COVID-19 severity. Therefore, we compare the SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell responses in moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients and unexposed donors. Overlapping peptide pools of all three proteins induce SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell response with dominance of CD4+ over CD8+ T cells and demonstrate interindividual immunity against the three proteins. M-protein induces the … Continue reading Robust T cell response towards spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid #SARS-CoV-2 proteins is not associated with recovery in critical COVID-19 patients

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Cardiology, Infectivology

Association of Infections and Use of #Fluoroquinolones With the Risk of Aortic #Aneurysm or Aortic Dissection

Prior observational studies have suggested that fluoroquinolone use may be associated with more than 2-fold increased risk of aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection (AA/AD). These studies, however, did not fully consider the role of coexisting infections and the risk of fluoroquinolones relative to other antibiotics.. .. A total of 28 948 cases and 289 480 matched controls were included (71.37% male; mean [SD] age, 67.41 [15.03] years). … Continue reading Association of Infections and Use of #Fluoroquinolones With the Risk of Aortic #Aneurysm or Aortic Dissection

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Gerontology, Infectivology, Uncategorized

Infection Fatality Ratios for #COVID-19 Among Noninstitutionalized Persons 12 and Older: Results of a Random-Sample Prevalence Study

Background: Because many cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are asymptomatic, generalizable data on the true number of persons infected are lacking. Mortality rates therefore are calculated from confirmed cases, which overestimates the infection fatality ratio (IFR). To calculate a true IFR, population prevalence data are needed from large geographic areas where reliable death data also exist. Most previous IFR estimates came from non-U.S. populations, … Continue reading Infection Fatality Ratios for #COVID-19 Among Noninstitutionalized Persons 12 and Older: Results of a Random-Sample Prevalence Study

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Infectivology

COVID-19 Update: FDA Broadens Emergency Use Authorization for Veklury (#remdesivir) to Include All Hospitalized Patients for Treatment of #COVID-19

…based on the Agency’s ongoing review of the EUA, including its review of the totality of scientific information now available, the FDA has determined that it is reasonable to believe Veklury may be effective for the treatment of suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in all hospitalized adult and pediatric patients. The Agency’s review has also concluded that the known and potential benefits of Veklury outweigh the … Continue reading COVID-19 Update: FDA Broadens Emergency Use Authorization for Veklury (#remdesivir) to Include All Hospitalized Patients for Treatment of #COVID-19

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Cardiology, Infectivology

Meta-analysis of Effectiveness of #Statins in Patients with Severe #COVID-19

..Our Pubmed search yielded 274 potential studies. After deduplication and application of the eligibility criteria, four studies with a total of 8,990 COVID-19 patients were included for meta-analysis. Except for Yan et al. which is of moderate quality (5/9), other studies are of good quality (at least 7/9). Study characteristics are provided in Table 1. The pooled analysis revealed a significantly reduced hazard for fatal … Continue reading Meta-analysis of Effectiveness of #Statins in Patients with Severe #COVID-19

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Infectivology

Modeling the Onset of #Symptoms of #COVID-19

COVID-19 is a pandemic viral disease with catastrophic global impact. This disease is more contagious than influenza such that cluster outbreaks occur frequently. If patients with symptoms quickly underwent testing and contact tracing, these outbreaks could be contained. Unfortunately, COVID-19 patients have symptoms similar to other common illnesses. Here, we hypothesize the order of symptom occurrence could help patients and medical professionals more quickly distinguish … Continue reading Modeling the Onset of #Symptoms of #COVID-19

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