Category: Nephrology

Endocrinology, Nephrology

Effects of dapagliflozin on development and progression of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: an analysis from the DECLARE–TIMI 58 randomised trial

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have shown beneficial effects on renal outcomes mainly in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Here we report analyses of renal outcomes with the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in the DECLARE–TIMI 58 cardiovascular outcomes trial, which included patients with type 2 diabetes both with and without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and mostly with preserved renal function.. ..The trial took place between April … Continue reading Effects of dapagliflozin on development and progression of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: an analysis from the DECLARE–TIMI 58 randomised trial

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Endocrinology, Nephrology

Glycemic Status, Insulin Resistance, and the Risk of Nephrolithiasis: A Cohort Study

..During a median follow-up of 4.2 years, 6,904 participants developed nephrolithiasis. Associations between levels of glycemic status and incident nephrolithiasis were examined separately in men and women ( P for interaction = 0.003). Among men, multivariable-adjusted HRs for incident nephrolithiasis comparing glucose levels of 90-99, 100-125, and 126-<90 mg/dL were 1.10 (95% CI, 1.01-1.19), 1.11 (95% CI, 1.02-1.21), and 1.27 (95% CI, 1.10-1.46), respectively, while … Continue reading Glycemic Status, Insulin Resistance, and the Risk of Nephrolithiasis: A Cohort Study

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Endocrinology, Nephrology

Assessment of #dextrose 50 bolus versus dextrose 10 infusion in the management of #hyperkalemia in the ED

Hypoglycemia is a common adverse effect when intravenous (IV) insulin is administered for hyperkalemia. A prolonged infusion of dextrose 10% (D10) may mitigate hypoglycemia compared to dextrose 50% (D50) bolus. Our objective was to evaluate whether D10 infusion is a safe and effective alternative to D50 bolus for hypoglycemia prevention in hyperkalemic patients receiving IV insulin.. ..There was no difference in incidence of hypoglycemia between … Continue reading Assessment of #dextrose 50 bolus versus dextrose 10 infusion in the management of #hyperkalemia in the ED

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Infectivology, Nephrology

ACUTE #KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH #COVID-19

The rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with patients hospitalized with Covid-19, and associated outcomes are not well understood. This study describes the presentation, risk factors and outcomes of AKI in patients hospitalized with Covid-19. We reviewed the health records for all patients hospitalized with Covid-19 between March 1, and April 5, 2020, at 13 academic and community hospitals in metropolitan New York. Patients … Continue reading ACUTE #KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH #COVID-19

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Endocrinology, Nephrology

Use of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and risk of serious #renal events: Scandinavian cohort study

..Cohort of 29 887 new users of SGLT2 inhibitors (follow-up time: dapagliflozin 66.1%; empagliflozin 32.6%; canagliflozin 1.3%) and 29 887 new users of an active comparator, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, matched 1:1 on the basis of a propensity score with 57 variables. Mean follow-up time was 1.7 (SD 1.0) years. ..The mean age of the study population was 61.3 (SD 10.5) years; 11 108 (19%) had cardiovascular disease, and … Continue reading Use of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and risk of serious #renal events: Scandinavian cohort study

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Diet, Infectivology, Nephrology

A high-#salt diet compromises antibacterial neutrophil responses through hormonal perturbation

The Western diet is rich in salt, which poses various health risks. A high-salt diet (HSD) can stimulate immunity through the nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (Nfat5)–signaling pathway, especially in the skin, where sodium is stored. The kidney medulla also accumulates sodium to build an osmotic gradient for water conservation. Here, we studied the effect of an HSD on the immune defense against … Continue reading A high-#salt diet compromises antibacterial neutrophil responses through hormonal perturbation

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Cardiology, Hypertension, Infectivology, Nephrology

EMA advises continued use of medicines for #hypertension, heart or #kidney disease during COVID-19 pandemic

EMA is aware of recent media reports and publications which question whether some medicines, for instance angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs, or sartan medicines), could worsen coronavirus disease (COVID-19). ACE inhibitors and ARBs are most commonly used for treating patients with high blood pressure, heart failure or kidney disease. It is important that patients do not interrupt their treatment with … Continue reading EMA advises continued use of medicines for #hypertension, heart or #kidney disease during COVID-19 pandemic

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Nephrology, Orthopedy

Acute #kidney injury after primary total hip #arthroplasty: a risk multiplier for complication, mortality, and healthcare utilization

To assess whether acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with more complications and higher healthcare utilization in people undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).. ..Adjusted for age, gender, race, income, underlying diagnosis, medical comorbidity, and the insurance payer, AKI in people who underwent primary THA was associated with significantly higher OR (95% CI) of (1) implant infection, 2.34 (95% CI, 1.87, 2.93); (2) transfusion, 2.46 … Continue reading Acute #kidney injury after primary total hip #arthroplasty: a risk multiplier for complication, mortality, and healthcare utilization

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Environment, Nephrology

Particulate #Matter and Albuminuria, Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Incident #CKD

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) has been linked to detrimental health effects. This study aimed to describe the relationship between long-term PM2.5 exposure and kidney disease, including eGFR, level of albuminuria, and incident CKD.. urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) ..There was no significant PM2.5-eGFR association at baseline. Each 1-μg/m3 higher annual average PM2.5 was associated with higher UACR after adjusting … Continue reading Particulate #Matter and Albuminuria, Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Incident #CKD

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Cardiology, Gerontology, Nephrology

Acute #Kidney Injury Among Older Patients Undergoing Coronary #Angiography for Acute Myocardial Infarction: The SILVER-AMI Study

..Comorbid diseases and aging-related conditions were both more common among individuals experiencing acute kidney injury. However, after multivariable adjustment, no aging-related conditions were retained. There were 11 risk factors in the final model; the strongest were heart failure on presentation (odds ratio [OR] 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-2.59), body mass index [BMI] >30 (vs BMI 18-25: OR 1.75; 95% CI, 1.27-2.42), and nonwhite race … Continue reading Acute #Kidney Injury Among Older Patients Undergoing Coronary #Angiography for Acute Myocardial Infarction: The SILVER-AMI Study

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Nephrology, Pediatry

Retrospective cohort study of individuals born with low #birthweight: implications for screening practices

Previous studies have established an association between low birthweight (LBW) and future kidney disease, but few have explored the progression of kidney dysfunction through the pediatric years leading up through adolescence and young adulthood ..glomerular filtration rate (#GFR) between LBW (<2500 grams) and normal birthweight (NBW) Age at follow-up ranged 1–26 years old. GFR was found to be significantly lower in participants born with LBW … Continue reading Retrospective cohort study of individuals born with low #birthweight: implications for screening practices

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Nephrology

Associations of #Opioid Prescriptions with Death and Hospitalization across the Spectrum of Estimated #GFR

People receiving their first opioid prescription were propensity matched to people receiving NSAIDS (and, in sensitivity analysis, gabapentinoids) and the risk of death and hospitalization were compared, classifying opioid medication exposure as time-varying daily oral morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) across time-varying eGFR. Prescriptions for 1–59 and ≥60 MMEs were associated with higher risk of death .. and hospitalization.. compared with NSAID prescriptions, when evaluated at … Continue reading Associations of #Opioid Prescriptions with Death and Hospitalization across the Spectrum of Estimated #GFR

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