Tag: inflammation

Cardiology

#EPA and #DHA differentially modulate monocyte #inflammatory response in subjects with chronic inflammation in part via plasma specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study

The independent effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on chronic inflammation through their downstream lipid mediators, including the specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPM), remain unstudied. Therefore, we compared the effects of EPA and DHA supplementation on monocyte inflammatory response and plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) SPM lipidome.. After a 4-week lead-in phase (baseline), 9 men and 12 postmenopausal women (50–75 years) with … Continue reading #EPA and #DHA differentially modulate monocyte #inflammatory response in subjects with chronic inflammation in part via plasma specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study

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Infectivology, Pneumology

Interrelationships between small airways dysfunction, neutrophilic #inflammation and exacerbation frequency in #COPD

Small airways disease (SAD) is a key component of COPD and is a main contributing factor to lung function decline.. ..Thirty nine COPD subjects defined as either frequent exacerbators ( ≥ 2 exacerbations per year, n = 17) and infrequent exacerbators (≤1 exacerbation per year, n = 22) underwent Forced Oscillation Technique (R5-R19, AX), multiple breath nitrogen washout (S cond, S acin), plethysmography (RV/TLC), single … Continue reading Interrelationships between small airways dysfunction, neutrophilic #inflammation and exacerbation frequency in #COPD

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Infectivology

Distinct #inflammatory profiles distinguish #COVID-19 from #influenza with limited contributions from #cytokine storm

We pursued a study of immune responses in COVID-19 and influenza cohorts. Compared to influenza patients, COVID-19 patients exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface HLA-class II expression on select monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes was a significant predictor of COVID-19 disease severity. In contrast to prevailing assumptions about COVID-19 disease immunopathology, very few (7 of 168) COVID-19 patients … Continue reading Distinct #inflammatory profiles distinguish #COVID-19 from #influenza with limited contributions from #cytokine storm

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Cardiology, Diet

#Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of #Cardiovascular Disease Among Men and Women in the U.S.

Inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Diet modulates inflammation; however, it remains unknown whether dietary patterns with higher inflammatory potential are associated with long-term CVD risk We prospectively followed 74,578 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) (1984–2016), 91,656 women from the NHSII (1991–2015), and 43,911 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2016) who were free of CVD and cancer … Continue reading #Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of #Cardiovascular Disease Among Men and Women in the U.S.

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Dentistry

#Periodontal Inflammation Primes the Systemic Innate #Immune Response

The presence of periodontal diseases (PDs) often strongly correlates with other severe chronic inflammatory conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and arthritis. However, the mechanisms through which these diseases interact are unclear. In PD, tissue and bone destruction in the mouth is driven by elevated recruitment of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), which are primed and recruited from the circulation to sites of inflammation. We predicted that systemic … Continue reading #Periodontal Inflammation Primes the Systemic Innate #Immune Response

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Diet, Endocrinology

Metabolic Syndrome, Physical Activity, and Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 110 Circulating Biomarkers in Japanese Adults

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a systemic inflammatory state. Low physical activity (PA) could modify this patho-physiology or act as an independent contributor to inflammation. Previous studies of both conditions have identified altered levels of inflammation- and immune-related proteins based on limited sets of candidate markers.. ..MetS was significantly associated with levels of six markers: IL18R1 [odds ratio 2.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.45–3.87], CRP (2.07; … Continue reading Metabolic Syndrome, Physical Activity, and Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 110 Circulating Biomarkers in Japanese Adults

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Neurology

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Friend or Foe?

Neuroinflammation is part of the complex immune response within the central nervous system (CNS), whose details have been partially elucidated. The CNS immune response involves elements carried from the periphery and resident elements, mainly represented by glial cells. These cells drive neuroinflammation, which can be roughly defined as an articulated physiological response characterized by the production of a plethora of inflammatory mediators that alter the … Continue reading Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Friend or Foe?

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Psychiatry

Inflammatory modulation of #fluoxetine use in patients with #depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

There is growing evidence that there is a relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD), also simply known as “depression”, and inflammatory processes. Selective serotonin inhibitors, such as fluoxetine, are used as a first-line treatment for depression, and it is hypothesized that its use can reduce levels of proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to enable a better understanding of how … Continue reading Inflammatory modulation of #fluoxetine use in patients with #depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Diet, Infectivology

Relationship of #Nutritional Status, #Inflammation, and Serum #Albumin Levels During Acute Illness: A Prospective Study

Low serum albumin levels resulting from inflammation-induced capillary leakage or disease-related anorexia during acute illness are associated with poor outcomes. We investigated the relationship of nutritional status and inflammation with low serum albumin levels and 30-day mortality in a large cohort.. Among the 2465 patients, 1019 (41%) had low serum albumin levels (<34 g/L), 619 (25.1%) had increased nutritional risk (Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 ≥3), … Continue reading Relationship of #Nutritional Status, #Inflammation, and Serum #Albumin Levels During Acute Illness: A Prospective Study

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Diet

Relationship of #nutritional status, #inflammation, and serum #albumin levels during acute illness: A prospective study

Low serum albumin levels resulting from inflammation-induced capillary leakage or disease-related anorexia during acute illness are associated with poor outcomes. We investigated the relationship of nutritional status and inflammation with low serum albumin levels and 30-day mortality in a large cohort. ..Of 2,465 patients, 1,019 (41%) had low serum albumin levels (<34 g/L), 619 (25.1%) had increased nutritional risk (NRS 2002 ≥3), and 1,086 (44.1%) … Continue reading Relationship of #nutritional status, #inflammation, and serum #albumin levels during acute illness: A prospective study

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supplements

Effects of One Year of Vitamin #D and Marine #Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation in Older US Adults

..(VITAL) tested vitamin D (2000 IU/day) and/or n-3 FA (1 g/day) supplementation in a 2 × 2 factorial design among women ≥55 and men ≥50 years of age. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. In the active arms, 25-OH vitamin D rose 39% and n-3 FA rose 55% vs minimal change in placebo arms. Neither supplement reduced biomarkers at 1 year. Vitamin D resulted in 8.2% … Continue reading Effects of One Year of Vitamin #D and Marine #Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation in Older US Adults

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