BackgroundTogether with poor biodegradability and insufficient recycling, the massive production and use of plastics have led to widespread environmental contamination by nano- and microplastics. These particles accumulate across ecosystems - even in the most remote habitats - and are transferred through food chains, leading to inevitable human ingestion, that adds to the highest one due… Continue reading Immunotoxicity and intestinal effects of nano- and microplastics: a review of the literature
Tag: gut-microbiota
Association of the Gut Microbiota With Cognitive Function in Midlife
Question Is the gut microbiota associated with cognitive function? Findings In this cross-sectional study, β-diversity, a measure of gut microbial community composition, was statistically significantly associated with all measures of cognitive function. Several specific genera were also significantly associated with 1 or more measures of cognitive function after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Meaning These results… Continue reading Association of the Gut Microbiota With Cognitive Function in Midlife
Gut microbiota modulates weight gain in mice after discontinued smoke exposure
Cigarette smoking constitutes a leading global cause of morbidity and preventable death1, and most active smokers report a desire or recent attempt to quit2. Smoking-cessation-induced weight gain (SCWG; 4.5 kg reported to be gained on average per 6–12 months, >10 kg year–1 in 13% of those who stopped smoking3) constitutes a major obstacle to smoking abstinence4, even under stable5,6… Continue reading Gut microbiota modulates weight gain in mice after discontinued smoke exposure
Air pollution and endocrine disruptors induce human microbiome imbalances: A systematic review of recent evidence and possible biological mechanisms
Highlights•Environmental pollution could affect diversity of resident microbiota. •Environmental pollution could affect abundance of resident microbiota. •Studies suggest air pollution increases the abundance of streptococcus. •Studies suggest air pollution increases the abundance of veillionellales. •Scarcity of studies precludes observing consistent trends for other microbiota. AbstractA rich body of literature indicates that environmental factors interact with… Continue reading Air pollution and endocrine disruptors induce human microbiome imbalances: A systematic review of recent evidence and possible biological mechanisms
The anti-inflammatory effect of bacterial short chain fatty acids is partially mediated by endocannabinoids
The endocannabinoid (EC) system has pleiotropic functions in the body. It plays a key role in energy homeostasis and the development of metabolic disorders being a mediator in the relationship between the gut microbiota and host metabolism. In the current study we explore the functional interactions between the endocannabinoid system and the gut microbiome in… Continue reading The anti-inflammatory effect of bacterial short chain fatty acids is partially mediated by endocannabinoids
Metagenomic analysis reveals the signature of gut microbiota associated with human chronotypes
Patterns of diurnal activity differ substantially between individuals, with early risers and late sleepers being examples of opposite chronotypes. Growing evidence suggests that the late chronotype significantly impacts the risk of developing mood disorders, obesity, diabetes, and other chronic diseases. Despite the vast potential of utilizing chronotype information for precision medicine, those factors that shape… Continue reading Metagenomic analysis reveals the signature of gut microbiota associated with human chronotypes
Fecal #microbiota transplantation from mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia elicits #sleep disturbances in naïve mice
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic prevalent condition characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep fragmentation (SF). Evidence suggests that OSA can alter the gut microbiome (GM) diversity and composition that may then promote the occurrence of some of the OSA-associated morbidities. However, it is unclear whether perturbations in the GM caused by IH… Continue reading Fecal #microbiota transplantation from mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia elicits #sleep disturbances in naïve mice
Role and Mechanism of Gut #Microbiota in Human #Disease
The human gut microbiome is a huge microbial community that plays an irreplaceable role in human life. With the further development of research, the influence of intestinal flora on human diseases has been gradually excavated. Gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis has adverse health effects on the human body that will lead to a variety of chronic… Continue reading Role and Mechanism of Gut #Microbiota in Human #Disease
Baseline #Gut Metagenomic Functional Gene Signature Associated with Variable #Weight Loss Responses following a Healthy Lifestyle Intervention in Humans
Recent human feeding studies have shown how the baseline taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome can determine responses to weight loss interventions. However, the functional determinants underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. We report a weight loss response analysis on a cohort of 105 individuals selected from a larger population enrolled in a commercial wellness program,… Continue reading Baseline #Gut Metagenomic Functional Gene Signature Associated with Variable #Weight Loss Responses following a Healthy Lifestyle Intervention in Humans
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