Category: Gastroenterology

Diet, Gastroenterology, Hepatology

A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Subcutaneous #Semaglutide in Nonalcoholic #Steatohepatitis

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common disease that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, but treatment options are limited. The efficacy and safety of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide in patients with NASH is not known.. ..In total, 320 patients (of whom 230 had stage F2 or F3 fibrosis) were randomly assigned to receive semaglutide at a dose of 0.1 mg (80 patients), … Continue reading A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Subcutaneous #Semaglutide in Nonalcoholic #Steatohepatitis

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Hepatology

Associations between #Helicobacter pylori with nonalcoholic fatty #liver disease and other metabolic conditions in Guatemala

Previous studies have suggested an association between Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the current study was to examine the association in Guatemala, a region with elevated prevalences of both H pylori and NAFLD. Associations between H pylori and other metabolic conditions were also examined, as were associations between H hepaticus and H bilis and the metabolic conditions. … Continue reading Associations between #Helicobacter pylori with nonalcoholic fatty #liver disease and other metabolic conditions in Guatemala

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Oncology

Association between Neu5Gc carbohydrate and serum antibodies against it provides the molecular link to #cancer: French NutriNet-Santé study

High consumption of red and processed meat is commonly associated with increased cancer risk, particularly colorectal cancer. Antibodies against the red meat-derived carbohydrate N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) exacerbate cancer in “human-like” mice. Human anti-Neu5Gc IgG and red meat are both independently proposed to increase cancer risk, yet how diet affects these antibodies is largely unknown.. ..We found that high-Neu5Gc diet, gender, and age affect the specificity, … Continue reading Association between Neu5Gc carbohydrate and serum antibodies against it provides the molecular link to #cancer: French NutriNet-Santé study

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Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectivology

GES: A validated simple score to predict the risk of #HCC in patients with #HCV‐GT4‐associated advanced liver fibrosis after oral antivirals

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk persists after hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication with direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs), particularly in patients with cirrhosis. Identifying those who are likely to develop HCC is a critical unmet medical need. Our aim is to develop a score that offers individualized patient HCC risk prediction.. ..In the derivation cohort, the median follow‐up was 23.51 ± 8.21 months, during which 109 patients (4.7%) … Continue reading GES: A validated simple score to predict the risk of #HCC in patients with #HCV‐GT4‐associated advanced liver fibrosis after oral antivirals

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Sports

Inadequate #Physical Activity and #Sedentary Behavior Are Independent Predictors of Nonalcoholic Fatty #Liver Disease

In general, physical activity (PA) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have an inverse association. However, studies assessing the impact of the widely accepted Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (PA Guidelines) on NAFLD are lacking. We performed a serial, cross‐sectional analysis among adults by using the 2007‐2016 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. NAFLD and advanced fibrosis were defined by using various noninvasive panels. … Continue reading Inadequate #Physical Activity and #Sedentary Behavior Are Independent Predictors of Nonalcoholic Fatty #Liver Disease

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Gastroenterology, Oncology

Linked Color Imaging Focused on Neoplasm Detection in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Linked color imaging (LCI) is a new image-enhanced endoscopy technique that allows users to recognize slight differences in mucosal color To compare the performance of LCI with white light imaging (WLI) in detecting neoplastic lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract.. ..752 patients were assigned to the WLI group and 750 to the LCI group. The percentage of patients with 1 or more neoplastic lesions diagnosed … Continue reading Linked Color Imaging Focused on Neoplasm Detection in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Hepatology

The #triglyceride- #glucose index is associated with the severity of hepatic #steatosis and the presence of liver #fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study in Chinese adults

The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) is a reliable predictor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Its association with the severity of hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis in NAFLD is poorly understood. This study evaluated the relationship between these factors in NAFLD. ..The TyG index was significantly correlated with the severity of hepatic steatosis and the presence of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. TyG quartile values … Continue reading The #triglyceride- #glucose index is associated with the severity of hepatic #steatosis and the presence of liver #fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study in Chinese adults

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Diet, Gastroenterology

Dietary #Fructose Alters the Composition, Localization and Metabolism of Gut #Microbiota in Association with Worsening #Colitis

The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases has increased over the last half century, suggesting a role for dietary factors. Fructose consumption has increased in recent years. Recently, a high fructose diet (HFrD) was shown to enhance DSS-induced colitis in mice. The primary objectives of the current study were to elucidate the mechanism(s) underlying the pro-colitic effects of dietary fructose and to determine whether this effect … Continue reading Dietary #Fructose Alters the Composition, Localization and Metabolism of Gut #Microbiota in Association with Worsening #Colitis

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Gastroenterology, Oncology

Association Between Time to Colonoscopy after Positive Fecal Testing and Colorectal Cancer Outcomes: a Systematic Review

Colonoscopy is required following a positive fecal screening test for colorectal cancer (CRC). It remains unclear to what extent time to colonoscopy is associated with CRC-related outcomes. We performed a systematic review to elucidate this relationship.. ..From 1,612 initial studies, 8 were included in the systematic review, with 5 reporting outcomes for FIT. Although meta-analysis was not possible, consistent trends between longer time delays and … Continue reading Association Between Time to Colonoscopy after Positive Fecal Testing and Colorectal Cancer Outcomes: a Systematic Review

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Gastroenterology, Infectivology

Fecal #Microbiota Transplant is Highly Effective in Real-World Practice: Initial Results from the FMT National Registry

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is commonly used for treatment of C. difficile infections (CDI), although prospective safety data are limited and real-world FMT practice and outcomes are not well described. The FMT National Registry was designed to assess FMT methods and both safety and effectiveness outcomes from North American FMT providers.. ..Of the first 259 participants enrolled at 20 sites, 222 have completed short-term follow-up … Continue reading Fecal #Microbiota Transplant is Highly Effective in Real-World Practice: Initial Results from the FMT National Registry

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Gastroenterology

#Bile Acids Signal via TGR5 to Activate #Intestinal Stem Cells and Epithelial Regeneration

Renewal and patterning of the intestinal epithelium is coordinated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs); dietary and metabolic factors provide signals to the niche that control ISC activity. Bile acids (BAs), metabolites in the gut, signal nutrient availability by activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1, also called TGR5). TGR5 is expressed in the intestinal epithelium, but it is not clear how its activation … Continue reading #Bile Acids Signal via TGR5 to Activate #Intestinal Stem Cells and Epithelial Regeneration

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Oncology

Association of #Coffee Intake With Survival in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic #Colorectal Cancer

Several compounds found in coffee possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and insulin-sensitizing effects, which may contribute to anticancer activity. Epidemiological studies have identified associations between increased coffee consumption and decreased recurrence and mortality of colorectal cancer. The association between coffee consumption and survival in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer is unknown.. ..Among the 1171 patients included in the analysis (694 men [59%]; median age, 59 … Continue reading Association of #Coffee Intake With Survival in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic #Colorectal Cancer

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