Category: Gastroenterology

Diet, Gastroenterology, Hepatology

Trace element deficiency is highly prevalent and associated with infection and mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis

Malnutrition is common in patients with alcohol‐related liver disease and is associated with outcome in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Trace elements (cobalt, copper, iron, selenium and zinc) are micronutrients essential for many cellular processes including antioxidant pathways. The prevalence and relevance of trace element deficiency is unknown in alcoholic hepatitis. ..Sera from 302 patients with alcoholic hepatitis, 46 with alcohol‐related cirrhosis and 15 healthy controls … Continue reading Trace element deficiency is highly prevalent and associated with infection and mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis

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Gastroenterology, Neurology

Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with higher dementia risk: a nationwide longitudinal study

Increasing evidence supports reciprocal communication between the enteric and the central nervous system in disease, termed the ‘gut–brain axis’. Recent findings suggest a connection between IBD and development of Parkinson’s disease. The role of IBD in dementia, another insidious neurodegenerative disorder, has not been explored.. ..Overall incidence of dementia among patients with IBD was significantly elevated (5.5% vs 1.4% among controls). Patients with IBD were … Continue reading Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with higher dementia risk: a nationwide longitudinal study

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Gastroenterology, Neurology

Permissive microbiome characterizes human subjects with a neurovascular disease cavernous angioma

Cavernous angiomas (CA) are common vascular anomalies causing brain hemorrhage. Based on mouse studies, roles of gram-negative bacteria and altered intestinal homeostasis have been implicated in CA pathogenesis, and pilot study had suggested potential microbiome differences between non-CA and CA individuals based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We here assess microbiome differences in a larger cohort of human subjects with and without CA, and among … Continue reading Permissive microbiome characterizes human subjects with a neurovascular disease cavernous angioma

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Oncology

#Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages and Risk of #Esophageal Cancer by Histological Type: A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

We conducted a dose–response meta-analysis to explore the association between alcohol and particular alcoholic beverages with risk of esophageal cancer (EC) by histological type [esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)] and whether the association differs according to gender.. A total of 74 published articles involving 31,105 cases among 3,369,024 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled RRs of the highest versus … Continue reading #Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages and Risk of #Esophageal Cancer by Histological Type: A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

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Gastroenterology, Hepatology

Clinical characteristics of chronic hepatitis B cured by peginterferon in combination with nucleotide analogs

The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) cured by antiviral therapy.. ..The combined treatment time for all participants was 124.7 ± 58.8 weeks, and the average Peg-IFN treatment time was 102.6 ± 56.1 weeks. At 24 weeks, Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) had decreased more than 50% from baseline. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of … Continue reading Clinical characteristics of chronic hepatitis B cured by peginterferon in combination with nucleotide analogs

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Gastroenterology, Infectivology

Outcomes of COVID-19 in 79 patients with #IBD in Italy: an IG-IBD study

COVID-19 has rapidly become a major health emergency worldwide. Patients with IBD are at increased risk of infection, especially when they have active disease and are taking immunosuppressive therapy. The characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with IBD remain unclear.. ..Between 11 and 29 March 2020, 79 patients with IBD with COVID-19 were enrolled at 24 IBD referral units. Thirty-six patients had COVID-19-related pneumonia … Continue reading Outcomes of COVID-19 in 79 patients with #IBD in Italy: an IG-IBD study

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Hepatology

Rebaudioside affords hepatoprotection ameliorating sugar sweetened beverage- induced nonalcoholic #steatohepatitis

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is a known independent risk factor for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Non-caloric sweeteners (NCS) are food additives providing sweetness without calories and are considered safe and/or not metabolized by the liver. The potential role of newer NCS in the regulation of NASH, however, remain unknown. Our study aimed to determine the impact of newer NCS including Rebaudioside A and sucralose on NASH using … Continue reading Rebaudioside affords hepatoprotection ameliorating sugar sweetened beverage- induced nonalcoholic #steatohepatitis

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Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectivology

High prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection among adult patients at four urban emergency departments

What is already known about this topic? Targeted testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in emergency departments (EDs) has been demonstrated to be a high-yield and effective intervention for identifying previously unrecognized infections, especially among persons born during 1945–1965. What is added by this report? Opt-out, universal HCV screening in EDs identified that nearly half (47.5%) of infections were among persons born after 1965. … Continue reading High prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection among adult patients at four urban emergency departments

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Environment, Gastroenterology

Associations Between Medical Conditions and #Alcohol Consumption Levels in an Adult Primary Care Population

..Among the 2 720 231 included patients, 1 439 361 (52.9%) were female, 1 308 659 (48.1%) were white, and 883 276 (32.5%) were aged 18 to 34 years. Patients with any of the conditions (except injury or poisoning) had lower odds of drinking at low-risk and unhealthy levels relative to no reported use compared with those without the condition. Among 861 427 patients reporting alcohol use, patients with diabetes (odds ratio [OR], … Continue reading Associations Between Medical Conditions and #Alcohol Consumption Levels in an Adult Primary Care Population

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Gastroenterology

Effect of Acupuncture for Postprandial Distress Syndrome

Postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) is the most common subtype of functional dyspepsia. Acupuncture is commonly used to treat PDS, but its effect is uncertain because of the poor quality of prior studies.. ..Results: Among the 278 randomly assigned participants, 228 (82%) completed outcome measurements at week 16. The estimated response rate from generalized linear mixed models at week 4 was 83.0% in the acupuncture group … Continue reading Effect of Acupuncture for Postprandial Distress Syndrome

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Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Psychiatry

High incidence of #hepatocellular carcinoma and #cirrhotic complications in patients with psychiatric illness: a territory-wide cohort study

Because of high-risk behaviours, sedentary lifestyle and side effects of medications, psychiatric patients are at risk of viral hepatitis, alcohol-related liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We aimed to study the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhotic complications in psychiatric patients.. ..We included 105,763 psychiatric patients without prior liver-related events in the final analysis. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 12.4 (11.0–13.7) … Continue reading High incidence of #hepatocellular carcinoma and #cirrhotic complications in patients with psychiatric illness: a territory-wide cohort study

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Gastroenterology, Hepatology

Prediction of liver fibrosis severity in alcoholic liver disease by human microfibrillar‐associated protein 4

Background Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a public health concern that is the cause of half of all cirrhosis‐related deaths. Early detection of fibrosis, ideally in the pre‐cirrhotic stage, is a key strategy for improving ALD outcomes and for preventing progression to cirrhosis. Previous studies identified the blood‐borne marker human microfibrillar‐associated protein 4 (MFAP4) as a biomarker for detection of hepatitis C virus‐related fibrosis.. ..MFAP4 … Continue reading Prediction of liver fibrosis severity in alcoholic liver disease by human microfibrillar‐associated protein 4

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