Category: Diet

Diet

#Antioxidants: Positive or Negative Actors?

The term “antioxidant” is one of the most confusing definitions in biological/medical sciences. In chemistry, “antioxidant” is simply conceived “a compound that removes reactive species, mainly those oxygen-derived”, while in a cell context, the conceptual definition of an antioxidant is poorly understood. Indeed, non-clinically recommended antioxidants are often consumed in large amounts by the global population, based on the belief that cancer, inflammation and degenerative … Continue reading #Antioxidants: Positive or Negative Actors?

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Diet, Gastroenterology

#Microbiome connections with host metabolism and habitual #diet from 1,098 deeply phenotyped individuals

The gut microbiome is shaped by diet and influences host metabolism; however, these links are complex and can be unique to each individual. We performed deep metagenomic sequencing of 1,203 gut microbiomes from 1,098 individuals enrolled in the Personalised Responses to Dietary Composition Trial (PREDICT 1) study, whose detailed long-term diet information, as well as hundreds of fasting and same-meal postprandial cardiometabolic blood marker measurements … Continue reading #Microbiome connections with host metabolism and habitual #diet from 1,098 deeply phenotyped individuals

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Diet, Endocrinology

A randomized controlled trial of 130 g/day low-#carbohydrate diet in type 2 #diabetes with poor glycemic control

The usefulness of low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) for Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been fully investigated. Therefore, we compared the effectiveness and safety of LCD with calorie restricted diet (CRD). This prospective, randomized, open-label, comparative study included 66 T2DM patients with HbA1c >7.5% even after receiving repeated education programs on CRD. They were randomly allocated to either the 130g/day LCD group … Continue reading A randomized controlled trial of 130 g/day low-#carbohydrate diet in type 2 #diabetes with poor glycemic control

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Diet, Environment, Sports

Childhood Daily #Energy Expenditure Does Not Decrease with Market Integration and Is Not Related to #Adiposity in Amazonia

Childhood overweight and obesity (OW/OB) is increasingly centered in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as rural populations experience market integration and lifeway change. Most explanatory studies have relied on imprecise estimates of children’s energy expenditure, restricting understanding of the relative effects of changes in diet and energy expenditure on the development of OW/OB in transitioning contexts.. ..Cross-sectional data were collected from “rural” (n = 43) … Continue reading Childhood Daily #Energy Expenditure Does Not Decrease with Market Integration and Is Not Related to #Adiposity in Amazonia

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Diet, Oncology, Urology

#Coffee consumption and risk of #prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis of cohort studies to evaluate the association of coffee consumption with the risk of prostate cancer.. ..Sixteen prospective cohort studies were finally included, with 57 732 cases of prostate cancer and 1 081 586 total cohort members. Higher coffee consumption was significantly associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer. Compared with the lowest category of coffee consumption, the pooled relative … Continue reading #Coffee consumption and risk of #prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Diet, Rheumatology

Anti-neutrophil properties of natural #gingerols in models of #lupus

Ginger is known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, and has traditionally been used as an herbal supplement in the treatment of various chronic diseases. Here, we report anti-neutrophil properties of 6-gingerol, the most abundant bioactive compound of ginger root, in models of lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Specifically, we demonstrate that 6-gingerol attenuates neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release in response to lupus- and APS-relevant … Continue reading Anti-neutrophil properties of natural #gingerols in models of #lupus

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Diet, Infectivology

Low vitamin #D status is associated with #coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Observational studies suggest that the risk and clinical prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are related to low vitamin D status; however, the data are inconsistent.. ..A total of 10 articles with 361, 934 participants were selected for meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled OR in the fixed-effect model showed that vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 (OR = 1.43, 95% CI … Continue reading Low vitamin #D status is associated with #coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Diet

U.S. #Diet Guidelines Sidestep Scientific Advice to Cut #Sugar and #Alcohol

..Evidence suggests that added sugars, particularly those in sweetened beverages, may contribute to obesity and weight gain, which are linked to higher rates of chronic health conditions like heart disease and Type 2 diabetes, the scientific panel noted. More than two-thirds of American adults are overweight or obese; obesity, diabetes and other related conditions also increase the risk of developing severe Covid-19 illness. The scientific … Continue reading U.S. #Diet Guidelines Sidestep Scientific Advice to Cut #Sugar and #Alcohol

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Diet, Gastroenterology

#Avocado Consumption Alters Gastrointestinal #Bacteria Abundance and Microbial Metabolite Concentrations among Adults with Overweight or #Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Avocados are rich in dietary fiber and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), nutrients that have been independently connected to metabolic health benefits and the gastrointestinal microbiota. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the impact of avocado consumption on the gastrointestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites, secondary outcomes of the Persea americana for Total Health (PATH) study, and conduct exploratory analyses to assess relations between the fecal microbiota, fecal … Continue reading #Avocado Consumption Alters Gastrointestinal #Bacteria Abundance and Microbial Metabolite Concentrations among Adults with Overweight or #Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Diet, Pediatry, Psychiatry

Identification and Management of #Eating Disorders in Children and #Adolescents

Eating disorders are serious, potentially life-threatening illnesses afflicting individuals through the life span, with a particular impact on both the physical and psychological development of children and adolescents. Because care for children and adolescents with eating disorders can be complex and resources for the treatment of eating disorders are often limited, pediatricians may be called on to not only provide medical supervision for their patients … Continue reading Identification and Management of #Eating Disorders in Children and #Adolescents

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Diet, Neurology

Changes in Body #Mass Index Are Related to Faster #Cognitive Decline Among African American Older Adults

The purpose of this study was to: (1) examine relationships between body mass index (BMI) stability and cognitive decline in older African Americans; and (2) investigate differences in the relationships between women and men.. ..Participants (n = 671; mean age = 73.5 years; standard deviation = 6.2 years) were included in the present analysis if they were dementia free at baseline and completed at least two clinical … Continue reading Changes in Body #Mass Index Are Related to Faster #Cognitive Decline Among African American Older Adults

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Diet

#Blood type #diets lack supporting evidence: a systematic review

Background: Diets that are based on the ABO blood group system have been promoted over the past decade and claim to improve health and decrease risk of disease. To our knowledge, the evidence to support the effectiveness of blood type diets has not previously been assessed in the scientific literature. Objective: In this current systematic review, published studies that presented data related to blood type … Continue reading #Blood type #diets lack supporting evidence: a systematic review

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