Category: Diet

Diet, Endocrinology

#Waist circumference as a vital sign in clinical practice: a Consensus Statement from the IAS and ICCR Working Group on Visceral #Obesity

Despite decades of unequivocal evidence that waist circumference provides both independent and additive information to BMI for predicting morbidity and risk of death, this measurement is not routinely obtained in clinical practice.. We argue that BMI alone is not sufficient to properly assess or manage the cardiometabolic risk associated with increased adiposity.. ..We recommend that decreases in waist circumference are a critically important treatment target … Continue reading #Waist circumference as a vital sign in clinical practice: a Consensus Statement from the IAS and ICCR Working Group on Visceral #Obesity

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Diet, Endocrinology

#Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 #Diabetes Among Participants of the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort

Ultraprocessed foods (UPF) are widespread in Western diets. Their consumption has been associated in recent prospective studies with increased risks of all-cause mortality and chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and dyslipidemia; however, data regarding diabetes are lacking. ..Consumption of UPF was associated with a higher risk of T2D (multi-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for an absolute increment of 10 in the percentage of … Continue reading #Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 #Diabetes Among Participants of the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort

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Cardiology, Diet

Associations of Processed #Meat, Unprocessed Red Meat, Poultry, or #Fish Intake With Incident #Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality

Although the associations between processed meat intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality have been established, the associations of unprocessed red meat, poultry, or fish consumption with CVD and all-cause mortality are still uncertain.. .. Intake of processed meat (adjusted HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.02-1.05]; adjusted ARD, 0.90% [95% CI, 0.43%-1.38%]) or unprocessed red meat (adjusted HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01-1.05]; adjusted ARD, 0.76% … Continue reading Associations of Processed #Meat, Unprocessed Red Meat, Poultry, or #Fish Intake With Incident #Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality

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Diet

#Eating Jet Lag: A Marker of the Variability in Meal Timing and Its Association with #Body Mass Index

The timing of food intake has been associated with obesity and adverse metabolic outcomes, independently of the amount or content of food intake and activity level. However, the impact of the variability in the timing of food intake between weekends and weekdays on BMI (body mass index) remains unexplored. To address that, we propose to study a marker of the variability of meal timing on … Continue reading #Eating Jet Lag: A Marker of the Variability in Meal Timing and Its Association with #Body Mass Index

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Cardiology, Diet

High-#protein diets increase #cardiovascular risk by activating macrophage mTOR to suppress mitophagy

High-protein diets are commonly utilized for weight loss, yet they have been reported to raise cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms underlying this risk are unknown. Here, we show that dietary protein drives atherosclerosis and lesion complexity. Protein ingestion acutely elevates amino acid levels in blood and atherosclerotic plaques, stimulating macrophage mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling. This is causal in plaque progression, because the effects of … Continue reading High-#protein diets increase #cardiovascular risk by activating macrophage mTOR to suppress mitophagy

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Cardiology, Diet

Abdominal #obesity and the risk of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease after myocardial #infarction

..Univariate and multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals in quintiles of waist circumference as well as three categories of body mass index including normal weight, overweight and obesity. Results The majority of patients had abdominal obesity. During a median follow-up time of 3.8 years, 1232 men (7.3%) and 469 women (7.9%) experienced a recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease … Continue reading Abdominal #obesity and the risk of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease after myocardial #infarction

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Diet

Association of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat #Diets With #Mortality Among US Adults

..Overall low-carbohydrate-diet and low-fat-diet scores were not associated with total mortality. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for total mortality per 20-percentile increase in dietary scores were 1.07 (95% CI, 1.02-1.11; P = .01 for trend) for unhealthy low-carbohydrate-diet score, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.87-0.95; P < .001 for trend) for healthy low-carbohydrate-diet score, 1.06 (95% CI, 1.01-1.12; P = .04 for trend) for unhealthy low-fat-diet score, and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.85-0.93; P < .001 for … Continue reading Association of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat #Diets With #Mortality Among US Adults

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Diet, Endocrinology, Urology

The Association between Popular #Diets and Serum #Testosterone among Men in the United States

..Mean ± SD serum testosterone was 435.5 ± 6.7 ng/dl. Mean testosterone was lower among men with a low fat diet (410.8 ± 8.1 vs 443.5 ± 7.3, p=0.005) and a Mediterranean diet (412.9 ± 9.1 vs 443.5 ± 7.3, p=0.002). Multivariable analysis controlling for age, body mass index, activity level, diabetes, comorbidities and prostate cancer showed that men with a nonrestrictive diet had higher … Continue reading The Association between Popular #Diets and Serum #Testosterone among Men in the United States

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Cardiology, Diet

#Walnuts and Vegetable Oils Containing Oleic Acid Differentially Affect the Gut Microbiota and Associations with #Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Follow-up of a Randomized, Controlled, Feeding Trial in Adults at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

..Forty-two adults at cardiovascular risk were included in a randomized, crossover, controlled-feeding trial that provided a 2-wk standard Western diet (SWD) run-in and three 6-wk isocaloric study diets: a diet containing whole walnuts (WD; 57–99 g/d walnuts; 2.7% ALA), a fatty acid–matched diet devoid of walnuts (walnut fatty acid–matched diet; WFMD; 2.6% ALA), and a diet replacing ALA with oleic acid without walnuts (oleic acid … Continue reading #Walnuts and Vegetable Oils Containing Oleic Acid Differentially Affect the Gut Microbiota and Associations with #Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Follow-up of a Randomized, Controlled, Feeding Trial in Adults at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

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Diet, Infectivology

Relationship of #Nutritional Status, #Inflammation, and Serum #Albumin Levels During Acute Illness: A Prospective Study

Low serum albumin levels resulting from inflammation-induced capillary leakage or disease-related anorexia during acute illness are associated with poor outcomes. We investigated the relationship of nutritional status and inflammation with low serum albumin levels and 30-day mortality in a large cohort.. Among the 2465 patients, 1019 (41%) had low serum albumin levels (<34 g/L), 619 (25.1%) had increased nutritional risk (Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 ≥3), … Continue reading Relationship of #Nutritional Status, #Inflammation, and Serum #Albumin Levels During Acute Illness: A Prospective Study

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Diet, Sports

Effects of physical activity #calorie equivalent food labelling to reduce food selection and consumption: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies

There is limited evidence that nutritional labelling on food/drinks is changing eating behaviours. Physical activity calorie equivalent (PACE) food labelling aims to provide the public with information about the amount of physical activity required to expend the number of kilocalories in food/drinks (eg, calories in this pizza requires 45 min of running to burn), to encourage healthier food choices and reduce disease.. ..When PACE labelling was … Continue reading Effects of physical activity #calorie equivalent food labelling to reduce food selection and consumption: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies

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