Lead is a major developmental neurotoxicant in children, and tobacco smoke has been suggested as a source of lead exposure in vulnerable populations. This study evaluates the contribution of secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) to blood lead levels (BLLs) in children and adolescents.MethodsWe analyze data from 2,815 participants aged 6–19 years who participated in the National Health… Continue reading The contribution of secondhand tobacco #smoke to blood #lead levels in US children and adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2015–2018
Regional, circuit and network heterogeneity of #brain abnormalities in #psychiatric disorders
The substantial individual heterogeneity that characterizes people with mental illness is often ignored by classical case–control research, which relies on group mean comparisons. Here we present a comprehensive, multiscale characterization of the heterogeneity of gray matter volume (GMV) differences in 1,294 cases diagnosed with one of six conditions (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder,… Continue reading Regional, circuit and network heterogeneity of #brain abnormalities in #psychiatric disorders
Recovery #sleep following sleep restriction is insufficient to return elevated daytime heart #rate and systolic blood #pressure to baseline levels
Objective Sleep restriction alters daytime cardiac activity, including elevating heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). There is minimal research on the cumulative effects of sleep loss and the response after subsequent recovery sleep on HR and BP. This study examined patterns of HR and BP across baseline, sleep restriction, and recovery conditions using multiple daytime cardiac… Continue reading Recovery #sleep following sleep restriction is insufficient to return elevated daytime heart #rate and systolic blood #pressure to baseline levels
Dietary wheat #gluten induces astro- and #microgliosis in the hypothalamus of male mice
Gluten, which is found in cereals such as wheat, rye and barley, makes up a major dietary component in most western nations, and has been shown to promote body mass gain and peripheral inflammation in mice. In the current study, we investigated the impact of gluten on central inflammation that is typically associated with diet-induced… Continue reading Dietary wheat #gluten induces astro- and #microgliosis in the hypothalamus of male mice
Trajectories of #renal biomarkers and new-onset #heart failure in the general population: Findings from the PREVEND study
Renal dysfunction is one of the most critical risk factors for developing heart failure (HF). However, the association between repeated measures of renal function and incident HF remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the longitudinal trajectories of urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and serum creatinine and their association with new-onset HF and all-cause mortality.Methods and resultsUsing… Continue reading Trajectories of #renal biomarkers and new-onset #heart failure in the general population: Findings from the PREVEND study
#Depression, #anxiety, and the risk of #cancer: An individual participant data meta-analysis
Depression and anxiety have long been hypothesized to be related to an increased cancer risk. Despite the great amount of research that has been conducted, findings are inconclusive. To provide a stronger basis for addressing the associations between depression, anxiety, and the incidence of various cancer types (overall, breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, alcohol-related, and smoking-related… Continue reading #Depression, #anxiety, and the risk of #cancer: An individual participant data meta-analysis
Prospective Associations of Different Combinations of #Aerobic and #Muscle-Strengthening Activity With All-Cause, #Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality
Studies examining the associations of different combinations of intensity-specific aerobic and muscle strengthening activity (MSA) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality are scarce; the few available estimates are disparate.Objective To examine the prospective associations of different combinations of moderate aerobic physical activity (MPA), vigorous aerobic physical activity (VPA), and MSA with all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), and cancer mortality.Design,… Continue reading Prospective Associations of Different Combinations of #Aerobic and #Muscle-Strengthening Activity With All-Cause, #Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality
BETTER THAN WE THINK: IS THE TREATMENT OF #DEPRESSED PATIENTS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN WE THINK?
Most studies of depression treatment rely on measures of symptom severity to evaluate outcome. We hypothesized that many patients would consider themselves to have benefitted significantly from treatment despite not being considered a responder according to a measure of depression symptom severity (ie, 50% reduction in symptom score).METHODS: In our study, 854 patients with major depressive… Continue reading BETTER THAN WE THINK: IS THE TREATMENT OF #DEPRESSED PATIENTS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN WE THINK?
The #fructose survival hypothesis for #obesity
The fructose survival hypothesis proposes that obesity and metabolic disorders may have developed from over-stimulation of an evolutionary-based biologic response (survival switch) that aims to protect animals in advance of crisis. The response is characterized by hunger, thirst, foraging, weight gain, fat accumulation, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation and increased blood pressure. The process is initiated by the… Continue reading The #fructose survival hypothesis for #obesity
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