Category: Oncology

Oncology, Pneumology

Effect of beta-blockers on survival of lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The recent interest in beta-blockers as possible agents for drug repurposing in oncology arises from many pre-clinical and epidemiologic studies suggesting a possible clinically relevant antitumour effect. In lung cancer, given the contradictory results obtained, it is crucial to further study its effects. A systematic review of the literature was planned to evaluate a possible beneficial effect of beta-blocker on overall survival in lung cancer … Continue reading Effect of beta-blockers on survival of lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Diet, Oncology

Mediterranean-style dietary pattern improves cancer-related fatigue and quality of life in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy: A pilot randomised control trial

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a prevalent and persistent symptom from androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer. The Mediterranean-style dietary pattern (MED-diet) offers a plausible mechanism to mitigate CRF through reducing inflammation and improving body composition. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week MED-diet, compared to usual care, on CRF and quality of life in men with prostate cancer treated with ADT.. … Continue reading Mediterranean-style dietary pattern improves cancer-related fatigue and quality of life in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy: A pilot randomised control trial

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Oncology

#Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages and Risk of #Esophageal Cancer by Histological Type: A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

We conducted a dose–response meta-analysis to explore the association between alcohol and particular alcoholic beverages with risk of esophageal cancer (EC) by histological type [esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)] and whether the association differs according to gender.. A total of 74 published articles involving 31,105 cases among 3,369,024 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled RRs of the highest versus … Continue reading #Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages and Risk of #Esophageal Cancer by Histological Type: A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

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Oncology

p53 is regulated by aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells by the CtBP family of NADH-dependent transcriptional regulators

High rates of glycolysis in cancer cells are a well-established characteristic of many human tumors, providing rapidly proliferating cancer cells with metabolites that can be used as precursors for anabolic pathways. Maintenance of high glycolytic rates depends on the lactate dehydrogenase–catalyzed regeneration of NAD+ from GAPDH-generated NADH because an increased NADH:NAD+ ratio inhibits GAPDH. Here, using human breast cancer cell models, we identified a pathway … Continue reading p53 is regulated by aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells by the CtBP family of NADH-dependent transcriptional regulators

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Endocrinology, Oncology

#Metformin users with diabetes and individuals without #diabetes were at lower risk of overall cancer incidence than metformin non-users with diabetes based on the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort

Several studies have reported the preventive effect of metformin on cancer development. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between use of metformin and risk of cancer in Koreans.. ..A total of 323,430 subjects was enrolled (301,905 individuals without diabetes [No DM], 8,643 diabetic patients with metformin treatment [metformin users], and 12,882 diabetic patients without metformin treatment [metformin non-users]). The median follow-up period was 12.7 … Continue reading #Metformin users with diabetes and individuals without #diabetes were at lower risk of overall cancer incidence than metformin non-users with diabetes based on the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort

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Diet, Oncology

Serum #iodine and #breast cancer risk: A prospective nested case-control study stratified for selenium levels

Iodine has been suggested to protect against breast cancer, but there are no epidemiological studies on individual risk. An interesting finding is that in areas where the exposure to both selenium and iodine are high (e.g. Japan), the risk of breast cancer is lower than in areas where selenium is high and iodine low (e.g. USA), or in areas where both are low (e.g. Northern … Continue reading Serum #iodine and #breast cancer risk: A prospective nested case-control study stratified for selenium levels

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Environment, Oncology, Pediatry

Fine Particulate Matter Air #Pollution and Mortality among Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer Patients

Air pollution is a carcinogen and causes pulmonary and cardiac complications. We examined the association of fine particulate matter pollution (PM2.5) and mortality from cancer and all causes among pediatric, adolescent, and young adult (AYA) patients with cancer in Utah, a state with considerable variation in PM2.5.. ..Increases in PM2.5 per 5 μg/m3 were associated with cancer mortality in pediatric lymphomas and central nervous system … Continue reading Fine Particulate Matter Air #Pollution and Mortality among Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer Patients

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Diet, Oncology

Dietary Intake of #Acrylamide and Risk of Breast, Endometrial, and Ovarian Cancers: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-analysis

Acrylamide is a probable human carcinogen. Aside from occupational exposures and smoking, diet is the main source of exposure in humans. We performed a systematic review of the association between estimated dietary intake of acrylamide and risk of female breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers in nonexperimental studies published through February 25, 2020, and conducted a dose–response meta-analysis. We identified 18 papers covering 10 different study … Continue reading Dietary Intake of #Acrylamide and Risk of Breast, Endometrial, and Ovarian Cancers: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-analysis

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Oncology, Pneumology

Chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer incidence in never smokers: a cohort study

There has been limited evidence for the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the incidence of lung cancer among never smokers. We aimed to estimate the risk of lung cancer incidence in never smokers with COPD, and to compare it with the risk associated with smoking. This cohort study involved 338 548 subjects, 40 to 84 years of age with no history of lung … Continue reading Chronic #obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer incidence in never smokers: a cohort study

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Diet, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Oncology

Plant‐based and animal‐based low‐carbohydrate #diets and risk of #hepatocellular carcinoma among US men and women

Little is known about the role of low‐carbohydrate diets (LCDs) in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).. ..During 3,664,769 person years of follow‐up, there were 156 incident HCC cases. Although there were no associations between overall or animal‐based LCD score and risk of HCC, plant‐based LCD score was inversely associated with HCC risk (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.70‐0.98; Ptrend=0.03). Carbohydrate intake, especially from refined grains … Continue reading Plant‐based and animal‐based low‐carbohydrate #diets and risk of #hepatocellular carcinoma among US men and women

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Gastroenterology, Oncology

Intratumoral accumulation of gut #microbiota facilitates CD47-based immunotherapy via STING signaling

..Using one defined anaerobic gut microbiota to track whether microbiota interact with host immunity, we observed that Bifidobacterium facilitates local anti-CD47 immunotherapy on tumor tissues through the capacity to accumulate within the tumor microenvironment. Systemic administration of Bifidobacterium leads to its accumulation within the tumor and converts the nonresponder mice into responders to anti-CD47 immunotherapy in a stimulator of interferon genes (STING)– and interferon-dependent fashion. … Continue reading Intratumoral accumulation of gut #microbiota facilitates CD47-based immunotherapy via STING signaling

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Oncology

CDC Colorectal Cancer Screening Test Use

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States of cancers that affect both men and women. Despite strong evidence that screening for CRC reduces incidence and mortality, CRC screening prevalence is below the national target. This report describes current CRC screening prevalence by age, various demographic factors, and state.. In 2018, 68.8% of adults were up to date … Continue reading CDC Colorectal Cancer Screening Test Use

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