Category: Psychiatry

Neurology, Psychiatry

State-dependent responses to intracranial brain stimulation in a patient with #depression

Deep brain stimulation is a promising treatment for severe depression, but lack of efficacy in randomized trials raises questions regarding anatomical targeting. We implanted multi-site intracranial electrodes in a severely depressed patient and systematically assessed the acute response to focal electrical neuromodulation. We found an elaborate repertoire of distinctive emotional responses that were rapid in onset, reproducible, and context and state dependent. Results provide proof … Continue reading State-dependent responses to intracranial brain stimulation in a patient with #depression

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Orthopedy, Psychiatry

Efficacy and safety of #antidepressants for the treatment of back pain and #osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis

.. 33 trials (5318 participants) were included. Moderate certainty evidence showed that serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) reduced back pain (mean difference −5.30, 95% confidence interval −7.31 to −3.30) at 3-13 weeks and low certainty evidence that SNRIs reduced osteoarthritis pain (−9.72, −12.75 to −6.69) at 3-13 weeks. Very low certainty evidence showed that SNRIs reduced sciatica at two weeks or less (−18.60, −31.87 to −5.33) … Continue reading Efficacy and safety of #antidepressants for the treatment of back pain and #osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis

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Psychiatry

The impact of #loneliness on #paranoia: An experimental approach

Loneliness is a common problem in patients with schizophrenia, and may be particularly linked with persecutory ideation. Nevertheless, its role as a potential risk factor in the formation and maintenance of persecutory delusions is largely unexplored. Methods Loneliness was experimentally manipulated using a false-feedback paradigm in a non-clinical sample (n = 60). Change in state paranoia was compared between the induction of increased loneliness, the … Continue reading The impact of #loneliness on #paranoia: An experimental approach

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Infectivology, Neurology, Psychiatry

6-month consequences of #COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study

The long-term health consequences of COVID-19 remain largely unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the long-term health consequences of patients with COVID-19 who have been discharged from hospital and investigate the associated risk factors, in particular disease severity.. ..In total, 1733 of 2469 discharged patients with COVID-19 were enrolled after 736 were excluded. Patients had a median age of 57·0 (IQR 47·0–65·0) … Continue reading 6-month consequences of #COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study

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Environment, Psychiatry

Recurrence of major #depressive disorder and its predictors in the general population: results from The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS)

Knowledge of the risk of recurrence after recovery from major depressive disorder (MDD) in the general population is scarce. Method Data were derived from 687 subjects in the general population with a lifetime DSM-III-R diagnosis of MDD but without a current major depressive episode (MDE) or dysthymia. Participants had to be at least 6 months in remission, and were recruited from The Netherlands Mental Health … Continue reading Recurrence of major #depressive disorder and its predictors in the general population: results from The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS)

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Environment, Infectivology, Psychiatry

Evaluating the impact of a time orientation intervention on #well-being during the #COVID-19 lockdown: past, present or future?

Lockdown policies brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic pose a threat to well-being. This study examined the effectiveness of three positive psychology interventions, with different time-orientations, on well-being as well as predictors of well-being during lockdown. Participants (n= 216) completed measures of lockdown characteristics, attachment orientation, and emotion regulation, were then randomly allocated to one of four interventions; nostalgia (past), gratitude (present), best possible self … Continue reading Evaluating the impact of a time orientation intervention on #well-being during the #COVID-19 lockdown: past, present or future?

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Gerontology, Neurology, Psychiatry

#Depression and increased risk of #Alzheimer’s #dementia: longitudinal analyses of modifiable risk and sex-related factors.

Highlights •We investigated whether recent and/or remote depression was associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) and whether this risk differed between men and women. •Recent depression was independently associated with increased risk of incident AD while remote depression was not. Recent depression was predictive of AD development in females, but not in males, while sex did not moderate recent depression-associated risk of developing … Continue reading #Depression and increased risk of #Alzheimer’s #dementia: longitudinal analyses of modifiable risk and sex-related factors.

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Psychiatry

#ABCA13 dysfunction associated with #psychiatric disorders causes impaired cholesterol trafficking

ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 13 (ABCA13) is predicted to be the largest ABC protein, consisting of 5,058 amino acids and a long N-terminal region. Mutations in the ABCA13 gene were reported to increase the susceptibility to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression. However, little is known about the molecular functions of ABCA13 or how they associate with psychiatric disorders. Here, we examined the biochemical … Continue reading #ABCA13 dysfunction associated with #psychiatric disorders causes impaired cholesterol trafficking

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Pain, Psychiatry

#Smile (or grimace) through the #pain? The effects of experimentally manipulated facial expressions on needle-injection responses.

Smiling has been previously shown to improve stress responses. We replicated and expanded this work by testing whether smiling helps with a potent real-world stressor: a vaccination-like needle injection. We also extended past research by examining grimacing, a facial expression known to naturally occur during stress and pain and one that shares some of the same facial action units as smiling. Participants (n = 231; … Continue reading #Smile (or grimace) through the #pain? The effects of experimentally manipulated facial expressions on needle-injection responses.

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Diet, Pediatry, Psychiatry

Identification and Management of #Eating Disorders in Children and #Adolescents

Eating disorders are serious, potentially life-threatening illnesses afflicting individuals through the life span, with a particular impact on both the physical and psychological development of children and adolescents. Because care for children and adolescents with eating disorders can be complex and resources for the treatment of eating disorders are often limited, pediatricians may be called on to not only provide medical supervision for their patients … Continue reading Identification and Management of #Eating Disorders in Children and #Adolescents

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Cardiology, Psychiatry

Association Between #Depressive Symptoms and Incident #Cardiovascular Diseases

It is uncertain whether depressive symptoms are independently associated with subsequent risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).. ..Primary outcomes were incident fatal or nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and CVD (composite of the 2). Hazard ratios (HRs) per 1-SD higher log CES-D or PHQ-2 adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and diabetes were reported. Results Among 162 036 participants from the ERFC (73%, women; mean age at … Continue reading Association Between #Depressive Symptoms and Incident #Cardiovascular Diseases

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Neurology, Psychiatry

#Apathy in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal #dementia predicts cognitive decline and is driven by structural brain changes

Apathy adversely affects prognosis and survival of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We test whether apathy develops in presymptomatic genetic FTD, and is associated with cognitive decline and brain atrophy.. ..Results Apathy severity increased over time in presymptomatic carriers, but not in non‐carriers. In presymptomatic carriers, baseline apathy predicted cognitive decline over two years, but not vice versa. Apathy progression was associated with baseline low … Continue reading #Apathy in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal #dementia predicts cognitive decline and is driven by structural brain changes

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