Category: Psychiatry

Infectivology, Psychiatry

#Meningeal γδ T cells regulate #anxiety-like behavior via IL-17a signaling in neurons

Interleukin (IL)-17a has been highly conserved during evolution of the vertebrate immune system and widely studied in contexts of infection and autoimmunity. Studies suggest that IL-17a promotes behavioral changes in experimental models of autism and aggregation behavior in worms. Here, through a cellular and molecular characterization of meningeal γδ17 T cells, we defined the nearest central nervous system–associated source of IL-17a under homeostasis. Meningeal γδ … Continue reading #Meningeal γδ T cells regulate #anxiety-like behavior via IL-17a signaling in neurons

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Psychiatry

#Sleep duration and affective reactivity to #stressors and positive events in daily life

Objective: Experimental evidence suggests that inadequate sleep disrupts next-day affective processing and evokes greater stress reactivity. However, less research has focused on whether sleep predicts next-day affective reactivity to naturally occurring stressors and positive events in daily life, as well as the reversed direction of association (i.e., affective reactivity to daily events as predictors of subsequent sleep). The purpose of this study was to evaluate … Continue reading #Sleep duration and affective reactivity to #stressors and positive events in daily life

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Environment, Infectivology, Psychiatry

The unfolding #COVID-19 pandemic: A probability-based, nationally representative study of #mental health in the U.S.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a collective stressor unfolding over time, yet rigorous published empirical studies addressing mental health consequences of COVID-19 among large probability-based national samples are rare. Between 3/18-4/18/20, during an escalating period of illness and death in the United States, we assessed acute stress, depressive symptoms and direct, community, and media-based exposures to COVID-19 in three consecutive representative samples across three 10-day periods … Continue reading The unfolding #COVID-19 pandemic: A probability-based, nationally representative study of #mental health in the U.S.

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Endocrinology, Psychiatry

#Loneliness and type 2 #diabetes incidence: findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Loneliness is associated with all-cause mortality and coronary heart disease. However, the prospective relationship between loneliness and type 2 diabetes onset is unclear.. ..A total of 264 (6.42%) participants developed type 2 diabetes over the follow-up period. Loneliness was a significant predictor of incident type 2 diabetes (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.15, 1.84; p = 0.002) independent of age, sex, ethnicity, wealth, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol … Continue reading #Loneliness and type 2 #diabetes incidence: findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

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Orthopedy, Psychiatry, Rheumatology

#Depression and subsequent risk for incident rheumatoid #arthritis among women

We investigated the association of depression with subsequent risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by serologic phenotype.. ..Among 195,358 women, we identified 858 incident RA cases (65% seropositive) over 3,087,556 person‐years (median 17.9 years/participant). Compared to women without depression, those with depression had multivariable HRs (95%CIs) of: 1.28(1.10‐1.48) for all RA; 1.12(0.93‐1.35) for seropositive RA; and 1.63(1.27‐2.09) for seronegative RA. When analyzing components of the composite … Continue reading #Depression and subsequent risk for incident rheumatoid #arthritis among women

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for #dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been identified as a potential risk factor for developing dementia. There are currently, however, no meta-analyses quantifying this risk.. ..PTSD was associated with a significant risk for all-cause dementia: pooled hazard ratio HR = 1.61 (95% CI 1.43–1.81, I2= 85.8%, P < 0.001; n = 1 693 678; 8 studies). Pooled HR was 1.61 (95% CI 1.46–1.78; I2= 80.9%, P … Continue reading Post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for #dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis

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Environment, Psychiatry

It’s surprisingly nice to hear you: Misunderstanding the impact of #communication media can lead to suboptimal choices of how to connect with others.

Positive social connections improve wellbeing. Technology increasingly affords a wide variety of media that people can use to connect with others, but not all media strengthen social connection equally. Optimizing wellbeing, therefore, requires choosing how to connect with others wisely. We predicted that people’s preferences for communication media would be at least partly guided by the expected costs and benefits of the interaction—specifically, how awkward … Continue reading It’s surprisingly nice to hear you: Misunderstanding the impact of #communication media can lead to suboptimal choices of how to connect with others.

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Estimates of the Association of #Dementia With US #Mortality Levels Using Linked Survey and Mortality Records

..Of the 7342 total sample, 4348 participants (60.3%) were women. At baseline, 4533 individuals (64.0%) were between ages 70 and 79 years, 2393 individuals (31.0%) were between 80 and 89 years, and 416 individuals (5.0%) were between 90 and 99 years; percentages were weighted. The percentage of deaths attributable to dementia was 13.6% (95% CI, 12.2%-15.0%) between 2000 and 2009. The mortality burden of dementia … Continue reading Estimates of the Association of #Dementia With US #Mortality Levels Using Linked Survey and Mortality Records

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Neurology, Psychiatry

#Placebos without deception reduce self-report and neural measures of emotional #distress

Several recent studies suggest that placebos administered without deception (i.e., non-deceptive placebos) can help people manage a variety of highly distressing clinical disorders and nonclinical impairments. However, whether non-deceptive placebos represent genuine psychobiological effects is unknown. Here we address this issue by demonstrating across two experiments that during a highly arousing negative picture viewing task, non-deceptive placebos reduce both a self-report and neural measure of … Continue reading #Placebos without deception reduce self-report and neural measures of emotional #distress

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Diet, Psychiatry

Increased rates of #eating disorders and their symptoms in women with major #depressive disorder and #anxiety disorders

Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) have increased rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders. Yet, few studies have investigated rates of EDs and their symptoms in individuals presenting with MDD/anxiety disorders. Identifying potential disordered eating in people with MDD/anxiety disorders is important because even subclinical disordered eating is associated with reduced quality of life, and undiagnosed eating pathology may hinder treatment progress for … Continue reading Increased rates of #eating disorders and their symptoms in women with major #depressive disorder and #anxiety disorders

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Psychiatry

Increasing Emergency Department Visits for #Mental Health Conditions in the United States

..Nationally representative samples of ED visits in the United States were assessed using a repeated cross-sectional analysis of National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data. This study used diagnoses associated with each ED visit to identify changes in proportions in mental health diagnostic categories (psychiatric diagnoses only, substance use–related diagnoses only, or both, based on ICD-9-CM or ICD-10-CM criteria). These trends were further examined by … Continue reading Increasing Emergency Department Visits for #Mental Health Conditions in the United States

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Neurology, Psychiatry

The rich have one more thing you don’t: Better #sleep

..Of the adults surveyed, only 55% of people living below the poverty threshold received seven to eight hours of sleep per night. For adults making 400% above the poverty threshold, that number rose to 66.6%. In 2014, the poverty threshold was $11,670 for a single-person household and $23,850 for a four-person household. ..Sleep affects many aspects of well-being and quality of life for people of … Continue reading The rich have one more thing you don’t: Better #sleep

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