Category: Psychiatry

Environment, Psychiatry

#Alarm tones, music and their elements: Analysis of reported waking sounds to counteract #sleep inertia

Sleep inertia is a potentially dangerous reduction in human alertness and occurs 0–4 hours after waking. The type of sound people set as their alarm for waking has been shown to reduce the effects of sleep inertia, however, the elemental musical factors that underpin these waking sounds and their relationships remain unclear.. ..However, the analysis did reveal that a sound which is ranked as melodic … Continue reading #Alarm tones, music and their elements: Analysis of reported waking sounds to counteract #sleep inertia

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Psychiatry, Sports

Long-term effects of #bouldering psychotherapy on #depression: benefits can be maintained across a 12-month follow-up

Bouldering psychotherapy (BPT), an intervention that combines a unique style of rock climbing with psychotherapy Previous studies have identified positive effects of Bouldering Psychotherapy (BPT) on symptoms of depression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the short- and long-term effects of BPT on 97 participants with depression.. BPT took place once a week over a period of 8 weeks. In a waitlist … Continue reading Long-term effects of #bouldering psychotherapy on #depression: benefits can be maintained across a 12-month follow-up

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Psychiatry

Behavioral effects of multiple-dose #oxytocin treatment in #autism: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial with long-term follow-up

Intranasal administration of the “prosocial” neuropeptide oxytocin is increasingly explored as a potential treatment for targeting the core characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).. ..Among the secondary outcome measures, treatment-specific improvements were identified in the Repetitive Behavior Scale and State Adult Attachment Measure, indicating reductions in self-reported repetitive behaviors (p = .04) and reduced feelings of avoidance toward others (p = .03) in the oxytocin … Continue reading Behavioral effects of multiple-dose #oxytocin treatment in #autism: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial with long-term follow-up

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Diet, Gerontology, Psychiatry

Association between #tea consumption and depressive symptom among Chinese older adults

Despite accumulating evidence on the protective effect of tea consumption against depression, studies specifically focusing on the elderly population are yet limited.. ..We found that consistent and frequent tea-drinking was associated with significantly less depressive symptoms, and such impact was partially mediated by socioeconomic status, health behavior, physical health, cognitive function, and social engagement. However, the association was only significant for males and the oldest-old, … Continue reading Association between #tea consumption and depressive symptom among Chinese older adults

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Cardiology, Psychiatry

Shared Genetic Loci Between Body #Mass Index and Major #Psychiatric Disorders A Genome-wide Association Study

People with major psychiatric disorders (MPDs) have a 10- to 20-year shorter life span than the rest of the population, and this difference is mainly due to comorbid cardiovascular diseases.. schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BIP), major depression (MD) body mass index (BMI) ..Of the shared loci, 34% (73 of 213) in SCZ, 52% (36 of 69) in BIP, and 57% (56 of 99) in MD … Continue reading Shared Genetic Loci Between Body #Mass Index and Major #Psychiatric Disorders A Genome-wide Association Study

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Psychiatry

A multivariate analysis of women’s #mating strategies and sexual selection on men’s facial morphology

..While masculinity may communicate benefits to women and offspring directly (i.e. resources) or indirectly (i.e. health), masculine men may be costly as long-term partners owing to lower paternal investment. Mating strategy theory suggests women’s preferences for masculine traits are strongest when the costs associated with masculinity are reduced.. ..In contrast to past research, we found no associations between pathogen disgust, self-perceived mate value or reproductive … Continue reading A multivariate analysis of women’s #mating strategies and sexual selection on men’s facial morphology

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Psychiatry

#Tobacco smoking and health-related quality of life among university students: Mediating effect of #depression

The aim of this study was to assess the association between cigarette smoking and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among students in two different universities, and the potential mediating effect of depression. ..In both populations, after adjustment for socio-demographic, behavioral and health factors, smoking was associated with poorer Mental Composite Score (MCS) and Physical Composite Score (PCS)… After additional adjustment for BDI score, the observed … Continue reading #Tobacco smoking and health-related quality of life among university students: Mediating effect of #depression

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Psychiatry

The effect of #mindfulness training on extinction retention

.. An emerging literature indicates that mindfulness training (MFT) can be used to treat fear and anxiety related disorders, but the treatment mechanisms are unclear. One hypothesis, largely based on findings from neuroimaging studies, states that MFT may improve extinction retention, but this has not been demonstrated empirically. To investigate this question healthy subjects either completed a 4-week MFT- intervention delivered through a smart-phone app … Continue reading The effect of #mindfulness training on extinction retention

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Psychiatry

Effects of increased minimum #wages by unemployment rate on #suicide in the USA

..The effect of a US$1 increase in the minimum wage ranged from a 3.4% decrease (95% CI 0.4 to 6.4) to a 5.9% decrease (95% CI 1.4 to 10.2) in the suicide rate among adults aged 18–64 years with a high school education or less. We detected significant effect modification by unemployment rate, with the largest effects of minimum wage on reducing suicides observed at higher unemployment … Continue reading Effects of increased minimum #wages by unemployment rate on #suicide in the USA

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Pain, Psychiatry

Altruistic #behaviors relieve physical #pain

..Across 2 pilot studies and 3 experiments, we showed a pain-relieving effect of performing altruistic behaviors. Acting altruistically relieved not only acutely induced physical pain among healthy adults but also chronic pain among cancer patients. Using functional MRI, we found that after individuals performed altruistic actions brain activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral insula in response to a painful shock was significantly … Continue reading Altruistic #behaviors relieve physical #pain

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Orthopedy, Psychiatry

State-Specific Prevalence and Characteristics of Frequent Mental Distress and History of #Depression Diagnosis Among Adults with #Arthritis— United States, 2017

..Persons with arthritis have unique challenges because the interplay between anxiety, depression, and chronic pain is cyclical, with each having the potential to exacerbate the others. What is added by this report? In 2017, frequent mental distress and history of depression were commonly reported by adults with arthritis in all states, with clustering of high prevalence of frequent mental distress in Appalachian and southern states. … Continue reading State-Specific Prevalence and Characteristics of Frequent Mental Distress and History of #Depression Diagnosis Among Adults with #Arthritis— United States, 2017

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