The revolution of the antiviral treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection resulting in higher effectiveness came with the introduction of direct‐acting antivirals with pangenotypic regimens as a final touch. Among them, the combination of glecaprevir (GLE) and pibrentasvir (PIB) provides the opportunity for shortening therapy to 8 weeks in the majority of patients. Because… Continue reading Is an 8‐week regimen of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir sufficient for all #hepatitis C virus infected patients in the real‐world experience?
Interrelationships between small airways dysfunction, neutrophilic #inflammation and exacerbation frequency in #COPD
Small airways disease (SAD) is a key component of COPD and is a main contributing factor to lung function decline.. ..Thirty nine COPD subjects defined as either frequent exacerbators ( ≥ 2 exacerbations per year, n = 17) and infrequent exacerbators (≤1 exacerbation per year, n = 22) underwent Forced Oscillation Technique (R5-R19, AX), multiple… Continue reading Interrelationships between small airways dysfunction, neutrophilic #inflammation and exacerbation frequency in #COPD
PAPPA-mediated adipose tissue remodeling mitigates insulin resistance and protects against #gestational #diabetes in mice and humans
Pregnancy is a physiological state of continuous adaptation to changing maternal and fetal nutritional needs, including a reduction of maternal insulin sensitivity allowing for appropriately enhanced glucose availability to the fetus. However, excessive insulin resistance in conjunction with insufficient insulin secretion results in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), greatly increasing the risk for pregnancy complications and… Continue reading PAPPA-mediated adipose tissue remodeling mitigates insulin resistance and protects against #gestational #diabetes in mice and humans
Gut #microbiota depletion by chronic antibiotic treatment alters the #sleep/wake architecture and sleep #EEG power spectra in mice
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota affects physiological processes, including brain functions, by altering the intestinal metabolism. Here we examined the effects of the gut microbiota on sleep/wake regulation. C57BL/6 male mice were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 4 weeks to deplete their gut microbiota. Metabolome profiling of cecal contents in antibiotic-induced microbiota-depleted (AIMD) and control… Continue reading Gut #microbiota depletion by chronic antibiotic treatment alters the #sleep/wake architecture and sleep #EEG power spectra in mice
#Levothyroxine dose and risk of atrial #fibrillation: A nested case-control study
Contemporary data on the effect of levothyroxine dose on the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) are lacking, particularly in the older population. Our objective was to determine the effect of cumulative levothyroxine exposure on risk of AF and ischemic stroke in older adults We conducted a population-based observational study using health care databases from Ontario,… Continue reading #Levothyroxine dose and risk of atrial #fibrillation: A nested case-control study
#Aprotinin Inhibits #SARS-CoV-2 Replication
Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the current coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Protease inhibitors are under consideration as virus entry inhibitors that prevent the cleavage of the coronavirus spike (S) protein by cellular proteases. Herein, we showed that the protease inhibitor aprotinin (but not the protease inhibitor SERPINA1/alpha-1 antitrypsin)… Continue reading #Aprotinin Inhibits #SARS-CoV-2 Replication
The gut #microbiota is associated with #immune cell dynamics in humans
The gut microbiota influences development and homeostasis of the mammalian immune system, and is associated with human inflammatory and immune diseases as well as responses to immunotherapy. Nevertheless, our understanding of how gut bacteria modulate the immune system remains limited, particularly in humans, where the difficulty of direct experimentation makes inference challenging. Here we study… Continue reading The gut #microbiota is associated with #immune cell dynamics in humans
Distinct #inflammatory profiles distinguish #COVID-19 from #influenza with limited contributions from #cytokine storm
We pursued a study of immune responses in COVID-19 and influenza cohorts. Compared to influenza patients, COVID-19 patients exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface HLA-class II expression on select monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes was a significant predictor of COVID-19 disease severity. In contrast to prevailing assumptions about… Continue reading Distinct #inflammatory profiles distinguish #COVID-19 from #influenza with limited contributions from #cytokine storm
#Vegetarian and #vegan diets and risks of total and site-specific #fractures: results from the prospective EPIC-Oxford study
There is limited prospective evidence on possible differences in fracture risks between vegetarians, vegans, and non-vegetarians. We aimed to study this in a prospective cohort with a large proportion of non-meat eaters.. ..Compared with meat eaters and after adjustment for socio-economic factors, lifestyle confounders, and body mass index (BMI), the risks of hip fracture were… Continue reading #Vegetarian and #vegan diets and risks of total and site-specific #fractures: results from the prospective EPIC-Oxford study
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