AbstractGovernments around the world have been implementing several non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to fight Covid-19 spread and its associated mortality. We estimate the causal impact of mandatory face-mask wearing policy in public places on (total) mortality in Switzerland. We exploit the staggered introduction of the policy across Swiss cantons using a Difference-in-Difference and an event study… Continue reading The Impact of Face-Masks on Total Mortality Heterogenous Effects by Gender and Age
Association of Lithium Treatment With the Risk of Osteoporosis in Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Importance Osteoporosis, a systemic skeletal disorder associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, may be particularly common among individuals with bipolar disorder. Lithium, a first-line mood-stabilizing treatment for bipolar disorder, may have bone-protecting properties. Objective To evaluate if treatment with lithium is associated with a decrease in risk of osteoporosis among patients with bipolar disorder. Design,… Continue reading Association of Lithium Treatment With the Risk of Osteoporosis in Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Mechanical control of innate immune responses against viral infection revealed in a human lung alveolus chip
AbstractMechanical breathing motions have a fundamental function in lung development and disease, but little is known about how they contribute to host innate immunity. Here we use a human lung alveolus chip that experiences cyclic breathing-like deformations to investigate whether physical forces influence innate immune responses to viral infection. Influenza H3N2 infection of mechanically active… Continue reading Mechanical control of innate immune responses against viral infection revealed in a human lung alveolus chip
Avocado Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults
AbstractBackgroundEpidemiologic studies on the relationship between avocado intake and long‐term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are lacking. Methods and ResultsThis study included 68 786 women from the NHS (Nurses’ Health Study) and 41 701 men from the HPFS (Health Professionals Follow‐up Study; 1986–2016) who were free of cancer, coronary heart disease, and stroke at baseline. Diet… Continue reading Avocado Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults
Effects of Caffeine Consumption on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Treatment: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. ADHD impairments arise from irregularities primarily in dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) circuits within the prefrontal cortex. Due to ADHD medication’s controversial side effects and high rates of diagnosis, alternative/complementary pharmacological therapeutic approaches for ADHD are needed.… Continue reading Effects of Caffeine Consumption on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Treatment: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies
EARLY OUTPATIENT TREATMENT OF COVID-19: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 392 CASES IN ITALY
AbstractIntroduction The pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared in march 2020. Knowledge of COVID-19 pathophysiology soon provided a strong rationale for the early use of anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs, however the evidence was only slowly and partially incorporated into institutional guidelines. Unmet needs of COVID-19 outpatients were… Continue reading EARLY OUTPATIENT TREATMENT OF COVID-19: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 392 CASES IN ITALY
Reduction of dietary sodium to less than 100 mmol in heart failure (SODIUM-HF): an international, open-label, randomised, controlled trial
BackgroundDietary restriction of sodium has been suggested to prevent fluid overload and adverse outcomes for patients with heart failure. We designed the Study of Dietary Intervention under 100 mmol in Heart Failure (SODIUM-HF) to test whether or not a reduction in dietary sodium reduces the incidence of future clinical events. MethodsSODIUM-HF is an international, open-label,… Continue reading Reduction of dietary sodium to less than 100 mmol in heart failure (SODIUM-HF): an international, open-label, randomised, controlled trial
Use of face masks did not impact COVID-19 incidence among 10–12-year-olds in Finland
AbstractIn fall 2021 in Finland, the recommendation to use face masks in schools for pupils ages 12 years and above was in place nationwide. Some cities recommended face masks for younger pupils as well. Our aim was to compare COVID-19 incidence among 10–12-year-olds between cities with different recommendations on the use of face masks in… Continue reading Use of face masks did not impact COVID-19 incidence among 10–12-year-olds in Finland
(844.3) Gut commensal Coprococcus comes diminishes the blood pressure-lowering effect of ester angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Drug resistant HTN (rHTN) affects around 15% to 20% of hypertensive (HTN) patients. The underlying mechanisms of resistance to treatment remain poorly understood. The majority of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are esters, whereby we hypothesized that select gut microbiota hydrolyze ACEi rendering lower efficacy (Figure 1A). To test this hypothesis, we investigated if and which… Continue reading (844.3) Gut commensal Coprococcus comes diminishes the blood pressure-lowering effect of ester angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
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