BackgroundPolyphenolic antioxidants derived from plant foods may reduce oxidative stress and frailty, but the effect of the polyphenol subclass of dietary flavonoids and their subclasses on frailty is uncertain.ObjectivesTo determine the association between dietary flavonoids, their subclasses, quercetin (a specific flavonol), and frailty onset in adults.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included individuals from the Framingham Heart… Continue reading Higher intake of dietary flavonols, specifically dietary quercetin, is associated with lower odds of frailty onset over 12 years of follow-up among adults in the Framingham Heart Study
Imagined eating – An investigation of priming and sensory-specific satiety
While obesity remains a pressing issue, the wider population continues to be exposed to more digital food content than ever before. Much research has demonstrated the priming effect of visual food content, i.e., exposure to food cues increasing appetite and food intake. In contrast, some recent research points out that repeated imagined consumption can facilitate… Continue reading Imagined eating – An investigation of priming and sensory-specific satiety
Population-Wide Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease
Background:Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have the potential to alter the natural history of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and they should be included in cost-effectiveness analyses of screening for CKD.Objective:To determine the cost-effectiveness of adding population-wide screening for CKD.Design:Markov cohort model.Data Sources:NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services data,… Continue reading Population-Wide Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease
High ultra-processed food consumption is associated with elevated psychological distress as an indicator of depression in adults from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study
BackgroundFew studies have tested longitudinal associations between ultra-processed food consumption and depressive outcomes. As such, further investigation and replication are necessary. The aim of this study is to examine associations of ultra-processed food intake with elevated psychological distress as an indicator of depression after 15 years.MethodData from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS) were analysed (n = 23,299).… Continue reading High ultra-processed food consumption is associated with elevated psychological distress as an indicator of depression in adults from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study
AI-based CT Body Composition Identifies Myosteatosis as Key Mortality Predictor in Asymptomatic Adults
BackgroundBody composition data have been limited to adults with disease or older age. The prognostic impact in otherwise asymptomatic adults is unclear.PurposeTo use artificial intelligence–based body composition metrics from routine abdominal CT scans in asymptomatic adults to clarify the association between obesity, liver steatosis, myopenia, and myosteatosis and the risk of mortality. Materials and MethodsIn… Continue reading AI-based CT Body Composition Identifies Myosteatosis as Key Mortality Predictor in Asymptomatic Adults
Efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on cancer mortality: Systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
AbstractTo evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cancer mortality in the general population and on prognosis in cancer patients, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) and individual patient data (IPD) was conducted. Overall, 14 RCTs with a total of 104,727 participants (2015 cancer deaths) were identified and 7 RCTs, including… Continue reading Efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on cancer mortality: Systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Analysis of Body Mass Index in Early and Middle Adulthood and Estimated Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer
Importance In a population with significantly increasing rates of individuals with overweight or obesity, understanding the association of obesity with long-term disease risk, such as cancer, is necessary to improve public health.Objective To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk (colorectal cancer [CRC] and noncolorectal GI cancer) in the Prostate, Lung,… Continue reading Analysis of Body Mass Index in Early and Middle Adulthood and Estimated Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer
Hysterectomy With and Without Oophorectomy, Tubal Ligation, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the Nurses’ Health Study II
Backg round: Hysterectomy, oophorectomy, and tubal ligation are common surgical procedures. The literature regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk after these surgeries has focused on oophorectomy with limited research on hysterectomy or tubal ligation.Materials and Methods: Participants in the Nurses' Health Study II (n = 116,429) were followed from 1989 to 2017. Self-reported gynecologic surgery was categorized as follows: no… Continue reading Hysterectomy With and Without Oophorectomy, Tubal Ligation, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the Nurses’ Health Study II
The impact of timing of in utero marijuana exposure on fetal growth
Objective: To examine whether timing of in utero marijuana exposure independently and negatively impacts fetal growth, and if these effects are global or specific to certain growth parameters.Study design: The two study groups were marijuana users (N = 109) and a randomly selected control group of biochemically verified non-users (n = 171). Study data were obtained via manual abstraction of electronic medical records.Results: After control for… Continue reading The impact of timing of in utero marijuana exposure on fetal growth
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