Category: Gerontology

Gerontology, Infectivology, Uncategorized

Infection Fatality Ratios for #COVID-19 Among Noninstitutionalized Persons 12 and Older: Results of a Random-Sample Prevalence Study

Background: Because many cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are asymptomatic, generalizable data on the true number of persons infected are lacking. Mortality rates therefore are calculated from confirmed cases, which overestimates the infection fatality ratio (IFR). To calculate a true IFR, population prevalence data are needed from large geographic areas where reliable death data also exist. Most previous IFR estimates came from non-U.S. populations, … Continue reading Infection Fatality Ratios for #COVID-19 Among Noninstitutionalized Persons 12 and Older: Results of a Random-Sample Prevalence Study

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Gerontology, Neurology, Psychiatry

The temporal association between incident late‐life #depression and incident #dementia

There is an established association between depression and subsequent dementia. The present study examined temporal associations between incident late‐life depression and subsequent dementia, also considering age and sex.. ..Incident depression was associated with a higher risk of subsequent dementia (incidence rate ratios (IRR) adjusted for age and sex: IRR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.51‐1.64). The strongest association was found for the shortest interval of … Continue reading The temporal association between incident late‐life #depression and incident #dementia

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Cardiology, Gerontology

Association Between Arterial #Stiffness, #Frailty and Fall-Related Injuries in Older Adults

..A cross-sectional study of a random sample of older adults aged 60 years and older was conducted. Main study parameters: arterial stiffness was measured by the determining the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI); Frailty status was defined using a 7-item frailty screening scale, developed in Russia. This questionnaire included question about falls and fall-related injuries. Orthostatic test and anthropometric tests were done. Medical history (comorbidity, medications), … Continue reading Association Between Arterial #Stiffness, #Frailty and Fall-Related Injuries in Older Adults

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Cardiology, Gerontology

Association of Statin Use With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in US Veterans 75 Years and Older

Data are limited regarding statin therapy for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in adults 75 years and older.. ..Of 326 981 eligible veterans (mean [SD] age, 81.1 [4.1] years; 97% men; 91% white), 57 178 (17.5%) newly initiated statins during the study period. During a mean follow-up of 6.8 (SD, 3.9) years, a total 206 902 deaths occurred including 53 296 cardiovascular deaths, with 78.7 and 98.2 … Continue reading Association of Statin Use With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in US Veterans 75 Years and Older

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Gerontology

Predictors of a long length of stay in the emergency department for older people

..For older people, a long stay in the emergency department (ED) may reflect the complexity of their presentation, or deficiencies in systems that manage these complexities. ..Of 16 791 ED presentations made by older people, 4192 experienced a LLoS; 55% were admitted. Increasing age was associated with an increasing ED LoS. Factors most predictive of LLoS for both admitted and discharged patients included: investigations (both pathology … Continue reading Predictors of a long length of stay in the emergency department for older people

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Gerontology, Infectivology

Estimates of the severity of #coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis

Using data on 24 deaths that occurred in mainland China and 165 recoveries outside of China, we estimated the mean duration from onset of symptoms to death to be 17·8 days (95% credible interval [CrI] 16·9–19·2) and to hospital discharge to be 24·7 days (22·9–28·1). In all laboratory confirmed and clinically diagnosed cases from mainland China (n=70 117), we estimated a crude case fatality ratio (adjusted … Continue reading Estimates of the severity of #coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis

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Gerontology, Neurology

BrainAGE and regional volumetric analysis of a Buddhist monk: a longitudinal MRI case study

Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche (YMR) is a Tibetan Buddhist monk, and renowned meditation practitioner and teacher who has spent an extraordinary number of hours of his life meditating. The brain-aging profile of this expert meditator in comparison to a control population was examined using a machine learning framework, which estimates “brain-age” from brain imaging. YMR’s brain-aging rate appeared slower than that of controls suggesting early maturation … Continue reading BrainAGE and regional volumetric analysis of a Buddhist monk: a longitudinal MRI case study

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Diet, Gerontology, Neurology

#Diet modulates brain network stability, a biomarker for brain #aging, in young adults

..One cohort was scanned under standard diet, overnight fasting, and ketogenic diet conditions. To isolate the impact of fuel type, an independent overnight fasted cohort was scanned before and after administration of a calorie-matched glucose and exogenous ketone ester (D-β-hydroxybutyrate) bolus. Across the life span, brain network destabilization correlated with decreased brain activity and cognitive acuity. Effects emerged at 47 y, with the most rapid … Continue reading #Diet modulates brain network stability, a biomarker for brain #aging, in young adults

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Gerontology, Psychiatry

Decreasing #Delirium Through #Music: A Randomized Pilot Trial

To determine the feasibility and acceptability of personalized music (PM), slow-tempo music (STM), and attention control (AC) in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit, and to estimate the effect of music on delirium.. ..Of the 1589 patients screened, 117 (7.4%) were eligible. Of those, 52 (44.4%) were randomized, with a recruitment rate of 5 patients per month. Adherence was higher in the … Continue reading Decreasing #Delirium Through #Music: A Randomized Pilot Trial

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Cardiology, Gerontology, Hypertension, Uncategorized

Blood #pressure in frail older adults: associations with #cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality

Blood pressure (BP) management in frail older people is challenging. An randomised controlled trial of largely non-frail older people found cardiovascular and mortality benefit with systolic (S) BP target <120 mmHg. However, all-cause mortality by attained BP in routine care in frail adults aged above 75 is unclear.. ..Risks of cardiovascular outcomes increased with SBPs >150 mmHg. Associations with mortality varied between non-frail <85 and … Continue reading Blood #pressure in frail older adults: associations with #cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality

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Dentistry, Gerontology, Pneumology

#Periodontitis increases the risk of respiratory disease mortality in older patients

Evidence for an association between periodontitis and respiratory disease in the older patients is limited.. ..We found that periodontitis was associated with total respiratory disease mortality. Compared with healthy participants, the hazards ratio and 95% confidence interval for total respiratory disease mortality in patients with severe periodontitis was 2.72(1.04,7.11) after adjusting for relevant confounding variables. With increasing severity of periodontitis, risks for chronic obstructive pulmonary … Continue reading #Periodontitis increases the risk of respiratory disease mortality in older patients

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Gerontology, Orthopedy

#Aspirin and #fracture risk: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis of observational studies

This review provides insights into the potential for aspirin to preserve bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce fracture risk, building knowledge of the risk-benefit profile of aspirin. ..Aspirin use was associated with a 17% lower odds for any fracture (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.99; I2=71%; six studies; n=511 390). Aspirin was associated with a higher total hip BMD for women (SMD 0.03, 95% CI −0.02 to … Continue reading #Aspirin and #fracture risk: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis of observational studies

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