BackgroundCaffeine is one of the most utilized drugs in the world, yet its clinical effects are not fully understood. Circulating caffeine levels are influenced by the interplay between consumption behaviour and metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of circulating caffeine levels by considering genetically predicted variation in caffeine metabolism.MethodsLeveraging genetic variants related to… Continue reading Genetic investigation into the broad health implications of #caffeine: evidence from phenome-wide, proteome-wide and metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization
Category: Diet
Ultra-processed #food exposure and adverse health outcomes: umbrella review of epidemiological meta-analyses
AbstractObjective To evaluate the existing meta-analytic evidence of associations between exposure to ultra-processed foods, as defined by the Nova food classification system, and adverse health outcomes.Design Systematic umbrella review of existing meta-analyses.Data sources MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, as well as manual searches of reference lists from 2009 to June 2023.Eligibility criteria for… Continue reading Ultra-processed #food exposure and adverse health outcomes: umbrella review of epidemiological meta-analyses
Association of #glycaemic index and glycaemic load with type 2 #diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of mega cohorts of more than 100 000 participants
BackgroundThere is debate over whether the glycaemic index of foods relates to chronic disease. We aimed to assess the associations between glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, diabetes-related cancers, and all-cause mortality.MethodsWe did a meta-analysis of large cohorts (≥100 000 participants) identified from the Richard Doll Consortium. We searched… Continue reading Association of #glycaemic index and glycaemic load with type 2 #diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of mega cohorts of more than 100 000 participants
Adherence to #Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with #depressive symptoms in older women: findings from the NutBrain Study
Data on the association of the Mediterranean diet with depressive symptoms in older people at high risk of depression are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association of the adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its components with depressive symptoms in the Italian NutBrain cohort of older men and women. A total of… Continue reading Adherence to #Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with #depressive symptoms in older women: findings from the NutBrain Study
Association of #glycaemic index and glycaemic load with type 2 #diabetes, #cardiovascular disease, #cancer, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of mega cohorts of more than 100 000 participants
There is debate over whether the glycaemic index of foods relates to chronic disease. We aimed to assess the associations between glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, diabetes-related cancers, and all-cause mortality.MethodsWe did a meta-analysis of large cohorts (≥100 000 participants) identified from the Richard Doll Consortium. We searched… Continue reading Association of #glycaemic index and glycaemic load with type 2 #diabetes, #cardiovascular disease, #cancer, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of mega cohorts of more than 100 000 participants
A terminal metabolite of niacin promotes vascular inflammation and contributes to #cardiovascular disease risk
Despite intensive preventive cardiovascular disease (CVD) efforts, substantial residual CVD risk remains even for individuals receiving all guideline-recommended interventions. Niacin is an essential micronutrient fortified in food staples, but its role in CVD is not well understood. In this study, untargeted metabolomics analysis of fasting plasma from stable cardiac patients in a prospective discovery cohort… Continue reading A terminal metabolite of niacin promotes vascular inflammation and contributes to #cardiovascular disease risk
#Fasting-mimicking #diet causes hepatic and blood markers changes indicating reduced biological #age and disease risk
In mice, periodic cycles of a fasting mimicking diet (FMD) protect normal cells while killing damaged cells including cancer and autoimmune cells, reduce inflammation, promote multi-system regeneration, and extend longevity. Here, we performed secondary and exploratory analysis of blood samples from a randomized clinical trial (NCT02158897) and show that 3 FMD cycles in adult study… Continue reading #Fasting-mimicking #diet causes hepatic and blood markers changes indicating reduced biological #age and disease risk
Vitamin #D and Marine n-3 #Fatty Acids for #Autoimmune Disease Prevention: Outcomes at Two Years after VITAL Trial Completion
ObjectiveIn the 5.3 year randomized, 2 x 2 factorial, double-blind, placebo-controlled VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL), vitamin D supplementationreduced autoimmune disease (AD) incidence (hazard ratio [HR] 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.61-0.99). Omega-3(n-3) fatty acid supplementation showed a statistically non-significant reduction (HR 0.85, 0.67-1.08). We aimed to confirm further AD cases arising during and after randomization and… Continue reading Vitamin #D and Marine n-3 #Fatty Acids for #Autoimmune Disease Prevention: Outcomes at Two Years after VITAL Trial Completion
Dietary #Niacin Intake and Mortality Among Individuals With Nonalcoholic #Fatty #Liver Disease
Evidence regarding the effect of dietary niacin intake on the risk of mortality among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is scarce.Objective To examine the association of dietary niacin intake with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among individuals with NAFLD.Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from the National Health and Nutrition… Continue reading Dietary #Niacin Intake and Mortality Among Individuals With Nonalcoholic #Fatty #Liver Disease
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