Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease of multifactorial aetiology, which preferentially affects women. To date, active smoking has been the most reproducibly reported risk factor for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) positive RA, particularly persons who carry the HLA-DRB1-shared epitope (SE) alleles. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the relationships between passive smoking in childhood… Continue reading OP0012 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PASSIVE #SMOKING IN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD, AND #RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: RESULTS FROM THE FRENCH E3N-EPIC COHORT STUDY
Category: Environment
Randomized Manipulation of Early #Cognitive Experience Impacts Adult Brain Structure
Does early exposure to cognitive and linguistic stimulation impact brain structure? Or do genetic predispositions account for the co-occurrence of certain neuroanatomical phenotypes and a tendency to engage children in cognitively stimulating activities? Low socioeconomic status infants were randomized to either 5 years of cognitively and linguistically stimulating center-based care or a comparison condition. The… Continue reading Randomized Manipulation of Early #Cognitive Experience Impacts Adult Brain Structure
The Effects of Chronic Exposure to Ambient #Traffic-Related Air #Pollution on #Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in Wildtype and Genetically Predisposed Male and Female Rats
Epidemiological data link traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) to increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Preclinical data corroborating this association are largely from studies of male animals exposed acutely or subchronically to high levels of isolated fractions of TRAP. What remains unclear is whether chronic exposure to ambient TRAP modifies AD risk and the influence of… Continue reading The Effects of Chronic Exposure to Ambient #Traffic-Related Air #Pollution on #Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in Wildtype and Genetically Predisposed Male and Female Rats
Face #masks effectively limit the probability of #SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Airborne transmission by droplets and aerosols is important for the spread of viruses. Face masks are a well-established preventive measure, but their effectiveness for mitigating SARS-CoV-2 transmission is still under debate. We show that variations in mask efficacy can be explained by different regimes of virus abundance and related to population-average infection probability and reproduction… Continue reading Face #masks effectively limit the probability of #SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Collectivism predicts #mask use during #COVID-19
Since its outbreak, COVID-19 has impacted world regions differentially. Whereas some regions still record tens of thousands of new infections daily, other regions have contained the virus. What explains these striking regional differences? We advance a cultural psychological perspective on mask usage, a precautionary measure vital for curbing the pandemic. Four large-scale studies provide evidence… Continue reading Collectivism predicts #mask use during #COVID-19
Tracking developmental differences in real-world social #attention across #adolescence, young adulthood and older #adulthood
Detecting and responding appropriately to social information in one’s environment is a vital part of everyday social interactions. Here, we report two preregistered experiments that examine how social attention develops across the lifespan, comparing adolescents (10–19 years old), young (20–40 years old) and older (60–80 years old) adults. In two real-world tasks, participants were immersed… Continue reading Tracking developmental differences in real-world social #attention across #adolescence, young adulthood and older #adulthood
Mitigating the threat of emerging #infectious diseases; a coevolutionary perspective
“Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution”[1] and this is no less true for viral pathogens than it is for their host species. To appreciate the full extent of the challenges posed by current and future emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), I believe it is insightful to take a coevolutionary perspective. Coevolution… Continue reading Mitigating the threat of emerging #infectious diseases; a coevolutionary perspective
MIT researchers say time spent indoors increases risk of #Covid at 6 feet or 60 feet in new study challenging social distancing policies
The risk of being exposed to Covid-19 indoors can be as great at 60 feet as it is at 6 feet in a room where the air is mixed.Existing safety guidelines have omitted too many factors to accurately quantify the risk of airborne transmission, such as time, mask use and ventilation rates.Bazant and Bush question… Continue reading MIT researchers say time spent indoors increases risk of #Covid at 6 feet or 60 feet in new study challenging social distancing policies
Early-life #environmental exposure determinants of child #behavior in Europe: A longitudinal, population-based study
BackgroundEnvironmental exposures in early life influence the development of behavioral outcomes in children, but research has not considered multiple exposures. We therefore aimed to investigate the impact of a broad spectrum of pre- and postnatal environmental exposures on child behavior. Methods and findingsWe used data from the HELIX (Human Early Life Exposome) project, which was… Continue reading Early-life #environmental exposure determinants of child #behavior in Europe: A longitudinal, population-based study
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