In patients with type 2 diabetes, inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) reduce the risk of a first hospitalization for heart failure, possibly through glucose-independent mechanisms.. A first worsening heart failure event occurred in 237 patients (10.0%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 326 patients (13.7%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI,… Continue reading #Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced #Ejection Fraction
Altered Risk for #cardiovascular Events With Changes in the #Metabolic Syndrome Status: A Nationwide Population-Based Study of Approximately 10 Million Persons
Population-scale evidence for the association between dynamic changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) status and alterations in the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is lacking ..At a median follow-up of 3.54 years, the MetS-recovery group (incidence rate, 4.55 per 1000 person-years) had a significantly lower MACE risk (adjusted IRR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.83 to… Continue reading Altered Risk for #cardiovascular Events With Changes in the #Metabolic Syndrome Status: A Nationwide Population-Based Study of Approximately 10 Million Persons
Underuse of Clinical Decision Rules and d-#Dimer in Suspected Pulmonary #Embolism: A Nationwide Survey of the Veterans Administration Health Care System
The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) remains a challenge. CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for suspected PE has become the primary imaging modality, but concerns regarding overutilization, overdiagnosis, radiation, and costs have led to algorithms that combine a clinical decision rule (CDR) and highly sensitive d-dimer to identify patients in whom PE can be safely excluded… Continue reading Underuse of Clinical Decision Rules and d-#Dimer in Suspected Pulmonary #Embolism: A Nationwide Survey of the Veterans Administration Health Care System
Family history of #cancer and subsequent risk of cancer: A large‐scale population‐based prospective study in Japan
Family history (FH) of cancer is an important factor of increased risk of several cancers.. During 1,802,581 person‐years of follow‐up, a total of 16,336 newly diagnosed cancers were identified. Any site (Hazard ratios = 1.11 (95% confidence interval = 1.07–1.15]), esophagus (2.11 [1.00–4.45]), stomach (1.36 [1.19–1.55]), liver (1.69 [1.10–2.61]), pancreas (2.63 [1.45–4.79]), lung (1.51 [1.14–2.00]),… Continue reading Family history of #cancer and subsequent risk of cancer: A large‐scale population‐based prospective study in Japan
Adjunctive #Rifampin Therapy For Diabetic Foot #Osteomyelitis in the Veterans Health Administration
Among patients diagnosed with diabetes, the lifetime incidence of foot ulcers is 15%. Infection is a common complication of foot ulcers, and 20% to 60% of infections result in diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO). ..Patients initiating rifampin therapy within 6 weeks of the DFO diagnosis and receiving the drug for at least 14 days within 90… Continue reading Adjunctive #Rifampin Therapy For Diabetic Foot #Osteomyelitis in the Veterans Health Administration
Effects of total #sleep deprivation on procedural placekeeping: More than just lapses of attention
Total sleep deprivation (TSD) impairs attention as well as higher-order cognitive processes. Because attention is a core component of many tasks, it may fully mediate the effect of sleep deprivation on higher-order processes... A large sample of participants (N = 138 contributing data) performed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task and UNRAVEL under rested or sleep-deprived conditions.… Continue reading Effects of total #sleep deprivation on procedural placekeeping: More than just lapses of attention
A Comparison of #Suicide Risk #Scales in Predicting Repeat Suicide Attempt and Suicide: A Clinical Cohort Study
To compare the predictive accuracy of the Suicide Intent Scale (SIS), the Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS), the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS), and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) for suicide attempts and suicides within 3 and 12 months of an episode of self-harm. ..At least 1 suicide attempt was recorded for 216 participants during… Continue reading A Comparison of #Suicide Risk #Scales in Predicting Repeat Suicide Attempt and Suicide: A Clinical Cohort Study
Comparisons of exacerbations and mortality among regular inhaled therapies for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
..Compared with placebo, all drug classes significantly reduced the total exacerbations and moderate to severe exacerbations. ICS/LAMA/LABA was the most efficacious treatment for reducing the exacerbation risk (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57; 95% credible interval [CrI] 0.50–0.64; posterior probability of OR > 1 [P(OR > 1)] < 0.001). In addition, in contrast to the other… Continue reading Comparisons of exacerbations and mortality among regular inhaled therapies for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
#Particulate matter and episodic #memory decline mediated by early neuroanatomic biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease
Evidence suggests exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) may increase the risk for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.. ..Long-term PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased Alzheimer’s disease pattern similarity scores, which accounted for 22.6% (95% CI: 1% to 68.9%) and 10.7% (95% CI: 1.0% to 30.3%) of the total adverse PM2.5… Continue reading #Particulate matter and episodic #memory decline mediated by early neuroanatomic biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease
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