To determine the feasibility and acceptability of personalized music (PM), slow-tempo music (STM), and attention control (AC) in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit, and to estimate the effect of music on delirium.. ..Of the 1589 patients screened, 117 (7.4%) were eligible. Of those, 52 (44.4%) were randomized, with a recruitment rate… Continue reading Decreasing #Delirium Through #Music: A Randomized Pilot Trial
Category: Psychiatry
#Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12‐step programs for #alcohol use disorder
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) confers a prodigious burden of disease, disability, premature mortality, and high economic costs from lost productivity, accidents, violence, incarceration, and increased healthcare utilization. For over 80 years, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) has been a widespread AUD recovery organization, with millions of members and treatment free at the point of access, but it… Continue reading #Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12‐step programs for #alcohol use disorder
Early- Versus Adult-Onset #Schizophrenia as a Predictor of Response to Neuroscience-Informed Cognitive Training
Developmental stages characterized by greater neural plasticity might be critical periods during which the effects of cognitive training (CT) could theoretically be maximized. However, experiencing a first episode of schizophrenia during childhood or adolescence (ie, early-onset schizophrenia [EOS]) may reduce the brain’s ability to benefit from CT. This study examined the effects of EOS versus… Continue reading Early- Versus Adult-Onset #Schizophrenia as a Predictor of Response to Neuroscience-Informed Cognitive Training
Nutritional Factors, Physical Health and Immigrant Status Are Associated with Anxiety Disorders among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Findings from Baseline Data of The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
..Of 26,991 participants (49.3% men, 82.5% Canadian born, 58.5% aged 45–65 years), the overall prevalence of self-reported physician diagnosis of anxiety disorders was 8.5%, with immigrants being lower than Canadian-born respondents (6.4% vs. 9.3%, p < 0.001). After accounting for all covariates, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for anxiety disorders was lower among immigrants (aOR… Continue reading Nutritional Factors, Physical Health and Immigrant Status Are Associated with Anxiety Disorders among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Findings from Baseline Data of The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
The Contribution of #Sociocultural Factors in Shaping Self-Reported #Sickness Behavior
..Typical components of sickness behavior include reduced sociability and activity, changes in diet, and depressed affect. Importantly, however, sickness behavior appears to be subject to other demands of life history in animal models, including reproduction and offspring survival. ..After post-stratification weighting and correction for Type I error, generalized linear models showed that sickness behavior is… Continue reading The Contribution of #Sociocultural Factors in Shaping Self-Reported #Sickness Behavior
Let it be: #mindful acceptance down-regulates pain and negative emotion
Mindfulness training ameliorates clinical and self-report measures of depression and chronic pain, but its use as an emotion regulation strategy—in individuals who do not meditate—remains understudied. As such, whether it (i) down-regulates early affective brain processes or (ii) depends on cognitive control systems remains unclear. We exposed meditation-naïve participants to two kinds of stimuli: negative… Continue reading Let it be: #mindful acceptance down-regulates pain and negative emotion
The association between actor/partner #optimism and #cognitive functioning among older couples
Higher optimism has been linked with health, well‐being, and cognitive functioning. Spouses also play an important role on people's health, especially in older adulthood.. ..Optimism was assessed at baseline (t1) and cognition was measured every two years with up to five repeated assessments of cognition data over the 8‐year follow‐up period (t1; t2; t3; t4;… Continue reading The association between actor/partner #optimism and #cognitive functioning among older couples
Gut #microbiota composition during infancy and subsequent #behavioural outcomes
..The faecal microbiota were analysed at 1, 6, and 12 months of age. Behavioural outcomes were measured at 2 years of age. Findings In an unselected birth cohort, we found a clear association between decreased normalised abundance of Prevotella in faecal samples collected at 12 months of age and increased behavioural problems at 2 years,… Continue reading Gut #microbiota composition during infancy and subsequent #behavioural outcomes
Association of #Depression, #Anxiety, and Trauma With #Cannabis Use During Pregnancy
..Depression, anxiety, and trauma diagnoses and symptoms were associated with higher odds of cannabis use among pregnant women in California. These results support previous qualitative findings that pregnant women self-report using cannabis to manage mood and stress and suggest a dose-response association, with higher odds of cannabis use associated with co-occurring depressive and anxiety disorders… Continue reading Association of #Depression, #Anxiety, and Trauma With #Cannabis Use During Pregnancy
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