Little is known about the role of low‐carbohydrate diets (LCDs) in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).. ..During 3,664,769 person years of follow‐up, there were 156 incident HCC cases. Although there were no associations between overall or animal‐based LCD score and risk of HCC, plant‐based LCD score was inversely associated with HCC risk (HR: 0.83;… Continue reading Plant‐based and animal‐based low‐carbohydrate #diets and risk of #hepatocellular carcinoma among US men and women
Category: Gastroenterology
#Aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, part 2
..ASPREE study suggests no benefit from aspirin in primary prevention ASPREE randomized 19,114 healthy people 70 or over (65 or over for African Americans and Hispanics) to receive either 100 milligrams of enteric-coated aspirin or placebo. After an average of almost five years, there was no significant difference in the rate of fatal coronary heart… Continue reading #Aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, part 2
Intratumoral accumulation of gut #microbiota facilitates CD47-based immunotherapy via STING signaling
..Using one defined anaerobic gut microbiota to track whether microbiota interact with host immunity, we observed that Bifidobacterium facilitates local anti-CD47 immunotherapy on tumor tissues through the capacity to accumulate within the tumor microenvironment. Systemic administration of Bifidobacterium leads to its accumulation within the tumor and converts the nonresponder mice into responders to anti-CD47 immunotherapy… Continue reading Intratumoral accumulation of gut #microbiota facilitates CD47-based immunotherapy via STING signaling
Type 2 #diabetes influences bacterial tissue compartmentalisation in human obesity
..Visceral obesity is a key risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whereas gut dysbiosis appears to be instrumental for this relationship, whether gut-associated signatures translocate to extra-intestinal tissues and how this affects host metabolism remain elusive ..We identified tissue-specific signatures with higher bacterial load in the liver and omental adipose tissue. Gut commensals, but… Continue reading Type 2 #diabetes influences bacterial tissue compartmentalisation in human obesity
Ethnic influence on #nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence and lack of disease awareness in the United States, 2011–2016
Amongst the study population of 4538 persons, NAFLD prevalence was 32.5%, lowest in non‐Hispanic Blacks (18.0%) and Asians (18.1%), highest amongst Mexican Americans (48.4%). Within the NAFLD group, advanced fibrosis was highest in non‐Hispanic Blacks (28.5%) and lowest amongst non‐Hispanic Asians (2.7%). Of the 1473 (97.5%) NAFLD participants who answered NAFLD awareness question, 90% visited… Continue reading Ethnic influence on #nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence and lack of disease awareness in the United States, 2011–2016
#Dysbiosis-Induced Secondary Bile Acid Deficiency Promotes Intestinal Inflammation
Secondary bile acids (SBAs) are derived from primary bile acids (PBAs) in a process reliant on biosynthetic capabilities possessed by few microbes. To evaluate the role of BAs in intestinal inflammation, we performed metabolomic, microbiome, metagenomic, and transcriptomic profiling of stool from ileal pouches (surgically created resevoirs) in colectomy-treated patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) versus… Continue reading #Dysbiosis-Induced Secondary Bile Acid Deficiency Promotes Intestinal Inflammation
The intestinal #microbiota and #cardiovascular disease
The intestinal microbiota of human hosts is the community of microorganisms living in the small and, mainly, the large intestine of humans. This microbial ecosystem has co-evolved with humans across the millennia, has come to play an important interactive role in human physiology and has been aptly called our forgotten organ. Significant properties of the… Continue reading The intestinal #microbiota and #cardiovascular disease
Gut #microbiota composition during infancy and subsequent #behavioural outcomes
..The faecal microbiota were analysed at 1, 6, and 12 months of age. Behavioural outcomes were measured at 2 years of age. Findings In an unselected birth cohort, we found a clear association between decreased normalised abundance of Prevotella in faecal samples collected at 12 months of age and increased behavioural problems at 2 years,… Continue reading Gut #microbiota composition during infancy and subsequent #behavioural outcomes
#Mediterranean diet intervention alters the gut microbiome in older people reducing #frailty and improving health status: the NU-AGE 1-year dietary intervention across five European countries
..Adherence to the diet was associated with specific microbiome alterations. Taxa enriched by adherence to the diet were positively associated with several markers of lower frailty and improved cognitive function, and negatively associated with inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein and interleukin-17. Analysis of the inferred microbial metabolite profiles indicated that the diet-modulated microbiome change was… Continue reading #Mediterranean diet intervention alters the gut microbiome in older people reducing #frailty and improving health status: the NU-AGE 1-year dietary intervention across five European countries
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