Anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy provides long-term clinical benefits to patients with advanced melanoma. The composition of the gut microbiota correlates with anti–PD-1 efficacy in preclinical models and cancer patients. To investigate whether resistance to anti–PD-1 can be overcome by changing the gut microbiota, this clinical trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of… Continue reading Fecal #microbiota transplant overcomes resistance to anti–PD-1 therapy in #melanoma patients
Category: Gastroenterology
#Adipose saturation reduces #lipotoxic systemic inflammation and explains the #obesity paradox
Obesity sometimes seems protective in disease. This obesity paradox is predominantly described in reports from the Western Hemisphere during acute illnesses. Since adipose triglyceride composition corresponds to long-term dietary patterns, we performed a meta-analysis modeling the effect of obesity on severity of acute pancreatitis, in the context of dietary patterns of the countries from which… Continue reading #Adipose saturation reduces #lipotoxic systemic inflammation and explains the #obesity paradox
The Tailgate Study: Differing #metabolic effects of a bout of excessive #eating and #drinking
Excess energy intake by spectators at a sporting event (i.e., a tailgate) might cause acute negative health effects. However, limited data exist regarding the effects of overeating and alcohol consumption on lipid metabolism and the potential to gain intrahepatic triacylglycerols (IHTG). We tested the hypothesis that overconsumption of food and alcohol would significantly increase both… Continue reading The Tailgate Study: Differing #metabolic effects of a bout of excessive #eating and #drinking
Are Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at an Increased Risk of Developing #SARS-CoV-2 than Patients Without Inflammatory #Bowel Disease? Results From a Nationwide Veterans’ Affairs Cohort Study
The clinic course of SARS-CoV-2 among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been extensively studied. However, there is a paucity of data on whether patients with IBD have an increased risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 with compared with patients without IBD. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study in the US Veterans’ Affairs healthcare… Continue reading Are Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at an Increased Risk of Developing #SARS-CoV-2 than Patients Without Inflammatory #Bowel Disease? Results From a Nationwide Veterans’ Affairs Cohort Study
A neurotransmitter produced by #gut bacteria modulates host sensory #behaviour
Animals coexist in commensal, pathogenic or mutualistic relationships with complex communities of diverse organisms, including microorganisms. Some bacteria produce bioactive neurotransmitters that have previously been proposed to modulate nervous system activity and behaviours of their hosts. However, the mechanistic basis of this microbiota–brain signalling and its physiological relevance are largely unknown. Here we show that… Continue reading A neurotransmitter produced by #gut bacteria modulates host sensory #behaviour
Serum hepatitis B #core‐related antigen level stratifies risk of disease progression in chronic #hepatitis B patients with intermediate viral load
Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at risk of developing liver disease. Serum hepatitis B core‐related antigen (HBcrAg) is a new biomarker for intrahepatic templates for HBV replication.. ..A total of 1673 treatment‐naïve, non‐cirrhotic patients with negative hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level <40 U/L at baseline were… Continue reading Serum hepatitis B #core‐related antigen level stratifies risk of disease progression in chronic #hepatitis B patients with intermediate viral load
#Microbiome connections with host metabolism and habitual #diet from 1,098 deeply phenotyped individuals
The gut microbiome is shaped by diet and influences host metabolism; however, these links are complex and can be unique to each individual. We performed deep metagenomic sequencing of 1,203 gut microbiomes from 1,098 individuals enrolled in the Personalised Responses to Dietary Composition Trial (PREDICT 1) study, whose detailed long-term diet information, as well as… Continue reading #Microbiome connections with host metabolism and habitual #diet from 1,098 deeply phenotyped individuals
Efficacy and safety of #linagliptin in type 2 #diabetes patients with self-reported #hepatic disorders: A retrospective pooled analysis of 17 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials
Liver disease is highly prevalent among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We evaluated the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin in subjects with T2DM and hepatic disorders.. ..Of the 7009 participants (56% white, 39% Asian), 574 had hepatic disorders, most commonly hepatic steatosis (60%). At week 24, adjusted mean ± standard error (SE) change in… Continue reading Efficacy and safety of #linagliptin in type 2 #diabetes patients with self-reported #hepatic disorders: A retrospective pooled analysis of 17 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials
Physiologically increased total #bilirubin is associated with reduced risk of first #myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis and dose-response analysis
Bilirubin has potential predictive and prognostic value for myocardial infarction (MI), but the clinical evidence remains controversial. We performed this meta-analysis to systematically quantify the relationships between circulating bilirubin levels and the incidence of MI and post-MI adverse events. We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases for ad-hoc studies, published… Continue reading Physiologically increased total #bilirubin is associated with reduced risk of first #myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis and dose-response analysis
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