Insulin secretion to 3 model macronutrients in 140 human islet donors is defined•Deep phenotyping and multi-omics reveal personalized nutrient-specific insulin release•A subset of donors with a unique proteome exhibits large insulin responses to lipids•Nutrient responsiveness in stem cell-derived islets is dysregulatedSummaryPopulation-level variation and mechanisms behind insulin secretion in response to carbohydrate, protein, and fat remain… Continue reading Proteomic predictors of individualized nutrient-specific #insulin secretion in #health and #disease
Category: Diet
Genome-wide association studies of #coffee intake in UK/US participants of European ancestry uncover cohort-specific #genetic associations
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of coffee intake in US-based 23andMe participants (N = 130,153) and identified 7 significant loci, with many replicating in three multi-ancestral cohorts. We examined genetic correlations and performed a phenome-wide association study across hundreds of biomarkers, health, and lifestyle traits, then… Continue reading Genome-wide association studies of #coffee intake in UK/US participants of European ancestry uncover cohort-specific #genetic associations
Impact of #lifestyle moderate-to-vigorous #physical activity timing on #glycemic control in sedentary adults with #overweight/obesity and metabolic impairments
ObjectiveModerate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) improves glucose levels; however, whether its timing affects daily glycemic control remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of lifestyle MVPA timing on daily glycemic control in sedentary adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic impairments.MethodsA total of 186 adults (50% women; age, 46.8 [SD 6.2] years) with overweight/obesity (BMI, 32.9… Continue reading Impact of #lifestyle moderate-to-vigorous #physical activity timing on #glycemic control in sedentary adults with #overweight/obesity and metabolic impairments
#High-fat diet, #microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, and #anxiety-like behavior in male rats
Obesity, associated with the intake of a high-fat diet (HFD), and anxiety are common among those living in modern urban societies. Recent studies suggest a role of microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, including a role for brain serotonergic systems in the relationship between HFD and anxiety. Evidence suggests the gut microbiome and the serotonergic brain system together… Continue reading #High-fat diet, #microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, and #anxiety-like behavior in male rats
Effects of #Cocoa Consumption on #Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Abstract: Background: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of dietary intake of cocoa on anthropometric measurements, lipid and glycemic profiles, and blood pressure levels in adults, with and without comorbidities. Methods: The databases used were MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, and SciELO. The eligible studies were randomized… Continue reading Effects of #Cocoa Consumption on #Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
#Overweight in #Adolescence and Young Adulthood in Association With Adult #Cerebrovascular Disease: The NFBC1966 Study
BACKGROUND:Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in adulthood are well known. However, research on individuals’ risk factors throughout their life span has been limited. This prospective cohort study aims to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) and its changes in adolescence and young adulthood on early onset cerebrovascular disease.METHODS:This study includes 10 491 people (5185… Continue reading #Overweight in #Adolescence and Young Adulthood in Association With Adult #Cerebrovascular Disease: The NFBC1966 Study
Divergent age-associated and metabolism-associated gut #microbiome signatures modulate #cardiovascular disease risk
Insight into associations between the gut microbiome with metabolism and aging is crucial for tailoring interventions to promote healthy longevity. In a discovery cohort of 10,207 individuals aged 40–93 years, we used 21 metabolic parameters to classify individuals into five clusters, termed metabolic multimorbidity clusters (MCs), that represent different metabolic subphenotypes. Compared to the cluster classified… Continue reading Divergent age-associated and metabolism-associated gut #microbiome signatures modulate #cardiovascular disease risk
Association between consumption of small #fish and all-cause #mortality among Japanese: the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study
Although small fish are an important source of micronutrients, the relationship between their intake and mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between intake of small fish and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.Design:We used the data from a cohort study in Japan. The frequency of the intake of small fish was assessed using… Continue reading Association between consumption of small #fish and all-cause #mortality among Japanese: the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study
#Sodium Intake and #Atopic Dermatitis
Question Is a higher level of sodium intake associated with risk of atopic dermatitis (AD)?Findings In this cross-sectional study of 215 832 adults from the UK Biobank cohort, a 1-g higher estimated 24-hour urine sodium excretion was associated with an 11% higher odds of AD diagnosis, 16% higher odds of active AD, and 11% higher odds of increasing… Continue reading #Sodium Intake and #Atopic Dermatitis
