BackgroundThe gut microbiota contributes to metabolic disease, and diet shapes the gut microbiota, emphasizing the need to better understand how diet impacts metabolic disease via gut microbiota alterations. Fiber intake is linked with improvements in metabolic homeostasis in rodents and humans, which is associated with changes in the gut microbiota. However, dietary fiber is extremely… Continue reading Impact of Plant-Based Dietary #Fibers on Metabolic Homeostasis in High-#Fat Diet Mice via Alterations in the Gut #Microbiota and Metabolites
Category: Diet
Healthy Prenatal #Dietary Pattern and Offspring #Autism
Question What is the association between a healthy prenatal dietary pattern and offspring autism diagnosis and autism-associated traits in 2 large prospective cohort studies: the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa) and the Avon Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)?Findings In this cohort study including 84 548 mother-infant dyads in MoBa and 11 670 mother-infant dyads in ALSPAC,… Continue reading Healthy Prenatal #Dietary Pattern and Offspring #Autism
#Dried fruit intake and lower risk of type 2 #diabetes: a two-sample mendelian randomization study
BackgroundPrevious studies have shown controversy about whether dried fruit intake is associated with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine the potential causal effect of dried fruit intake on type 2 diabetes by conducting a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.MethodsWe used genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for MR analysis to explore the causal association… Continue reading #Dried fruit intake and lower risk of type 2 #diabetes: a two-sample mendelian randomization study
#Diet shapes the metabolite profile in the intact human ileum, which affects PYY release
The human ileum contains a high density of enteroendocrine L-cells, which release the appetite-suppressing hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) in response to food intake. Recent evidence highlighted the potential role of food structures in PYY release, but the link between food structures, ileal metabolites, and appetite hormone release remains unclear owing… Continue reading #Diet shapes the metabolite profile in the intact human ileum, which affects PYY release
#Lipidome changes due to improved dietary #fat quality inform cardiometabolic risk reduction and precision #nutrition
Current cardiometabolic disease prevention guidelines recommend increasing dietary unsaturated fat intake while reducing saturated fats. Here we use lipidomics data from a randomized controlled dietary intervention trial to construct a multilipid score (MLS), summarizing the effects of replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat on 45 lipid metabolite concentrations. In the EPIC-Potsdam cohort, a difference in… Continue reading #Lipidome changes due to improved dietary #fat quality inform cardiometabolic risk reduction and precision #nutrition
Metabolic effects of very-low calorie #diet, #Semaglutide, or combination of the two, in individuals with type 2 #diabetes mellitus
Background & aimsVery-low calorie diets (VLCD) and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1RA) Semaglutide induce significant weight loss and improve glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This pilot study was conducted to explore the comparative short-term effects of these interventions individually, and in combination, on weight, body composition and metabolic outcomes.MethodsThirty individuals… Continue reading Metabolic effects of very-low calorie #diet, #Semaglutide, or combination of the two, in individuals with type 2 #diabetes mellitus
(OR02-02-24) Identification of a Novel Multi-target Bioactive Compound With Anti-#obesity and Anti-#diabetic Activities
Objectives: Insulin resistance and progressive decline in functional β-cell mass are two key factors for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is largely driven by overweight and obesity, a significant obstacle for effective metabolic control in many patients with T2D. We recently found that elenolic acid (EA), a small molecule derived from olive can directly stimulate intestinal… Continue reading (OR02-02-24) Identification of a Novel Multi-target Bioactive Compound With Anti-#obesity and Anti-#diabetic Activities
Proteomic predictors of individualized nutrient-specific #insulin secretion in #health and #disease
Insulin secretion to 3 model macronutrients in 140 human islet donors is defined•Deep phenotyping and multi-omics reveal personalized nutrient-specific insulin release•A subset of donors with a unique proteome exhibits large insulin responses to lipids•Nutrient responsiveness in stem cell-derived islets is dysregulatedSummaryPopulation-level variation and mechanisms behind insulin secretion in response to carbohydrate, protein, and fat remain… Continue reading Proteomic predictors of individualized nutrient-specific #insulin secretion in #health and #disease
Genome-wide association studies of #coffee intake in UK/US participants of European ancestry uncover cohort-specific #genetic associations
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of coffee intake in US-based 23andMe participants (N = 130,153) and identified 7 significant loci, with many replicating in three multi-ancestral cohorts. We examined genetic correlations and performed a phenome-wide association study across hundreds of biomarkers, health, and lifestyle traits, then… Continue reading Genome-wide association studies of #coffee intake in UK/US participants of European ancestry uncover cohort-specific #genetic associations
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