Importance Early features of Parkinson disease (PD) have been described through population-based studies that overrepresent White, affluent groups and may not be generalizable. Objective To investigate the association between risk factors and prediagnostic presentations of PD in an ethnically diverse UK population with high socioeconomic deprivation but universal access to health care. Design, Setting, and… Continue reading Assessment of Risk Factors and Early Presentations of Parkinson Disease in Primary Care in a Diverse UK Population
Category: Neurology
Associations between alcohol consumption and gray and white matter volumes in the UK Biobank
Heavy alcohol consumption has been associated with brain atrophy, neuronal loss, and poorer white matter fiber integrity. However, there is conflicting evidence on whether light-to-moderate alcohol consumption shows similar negative associations with brain structure. To address this, we examine the associations between alcohol intake and brain structure using multimodal imaging data from 36,678 generally healthy… Continue reading Associations between alcohol consumption and gray and white matter volumes in the UK Biobank
Comprehensive genetic diagnosis of tandem repeat expansion disorders with programmable targeted nanopore sequencing
More than 50 neurological and neuromuscular diseases are caused by short tandem repeat (STR) expansions, with 37 different genes implicated to date. We describe the use of programmable targeted long-read sequencing with Oxford Nanopore’s ReadUntil function for parallel genotyping of all known neuropathogenic STRs in a single assay. Our approach enables accurate, haplotype-resolved assembly and… Continue reading Comprehensive genetic diagnosis of tandem repeat expansion disorders with programmable targeted nanopore sequencing
Longitudinal Associations of Mental Disorders With Dementia30-Year Analysis of 1.7 Million New Zealand Citizens
Mental disorders are an underappreciated category of modifiable risk factors for dementia. Developing an evidence base about the link between mental disorders and dementia risk requires studies that use large, representative samples, consider the full range of psychiatric conditions, ascertain mental disorders from early life, use long follow-ups, and distinguish between Alzheimer disease and related… Continue reading Longitudinal Associations of Mental Disorders With Dementia30-Year Analysis of 1.7 Million New Zealand Citizens
Validation of Plasma Amyloid-β 42/40 for Detecting Alzheimer Disease Amyloid Plaques
AbstractBackground and Objectives To determine the diagnostic accuracy of a plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 assay in classifying amyloid PET status across global research studies using samples collected by multiple centers that utilize different blood collection and processing protocols. Methods Plasma samples (n = 465) were obtained from 3 large Alzheimer disease (AD) research cohorts in the United… Continue reading Validation of Plasma Amyloid-β 42/40 for Detecting Alzheimer Disease Amyloid Plaques
Association of Loneliness With 10-Year Dementia Risk and Early Markers of Vulnerability for Neurocognitive Decline
Background and Objective: Loneliness is common and its prevalence is rising. The relationship of loneliness with subsequent dementia and the early preclinical course of Alzheimer disease and related dementia (ADRD) remains unclear. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to determine the association of loneliness with 10-year all-cause dementia risk and early cognitive and… Continue reading Association of Loneliness With 10-Year Dementia Risk and Early Markers of Vulnerability for Neurocognitive Decline
Association of the Gut Microbiota With Cognitive Function in Midlife
Question Is the gut microbiota associated with cognitive function? Findings In this cross-sectional study, β-diversity, a measure of gut microbial community composition, was statistically significantly associated with all measures of cognitive function. Several specific genera were also significantly associated with 1 or more measures of cognitive function after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Meaning These results… Continue reading Association of the Gut Microbiota With Cognitive Function in Midlife
Chronic pain precedes disrupted eating behavior in low-back pain patients
Chronic pain is associated with anhedonia and decreased motivation. These behavioral alterations have been linked to alterations in the limbic brain and could explain the increased risk for obesity in pain patients. The mechanism of these behavioral changes and how they set in in relation to the development of chronic pain remain however poorly understood.… Continue reading Chronic pain precedes disrupted eating behavior in low-back pain patients
Trends in Use of Melatonin Supplements Among US Adults, 1999-2018
Exogenous supplementation of melatonin, one of the key hormones governing circadian rhythm , is indicated for treatment of circadian rhythm sleep disorders1 and, despite insufficient evidence,2 is widely used as an over-the-counter sleep aid. Evidence of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of melatonin3 has prompted investigation of its therapeutic value in multiple diseases.4 Although melatonin is… Continue reading Trends in Use of Melatonin Supplements Among US Adults, 1999-2018
2 Medical News 