BackgroundThe colonic epithelium requires continuous renewal by crypt resident intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and transit amplifying (TA) cells to maintain barrier integrity, especially after inflammatory damage. The diet of high-income countries contains increasing amounts of sugar, such as sucrose. ISCs and TA cells are sensitive to dietary metabolites, but whether excess sugar affects their function… Continue reading Excess dietary sugar alters colonocyte metabolism and impairs the proliferative response to damage
Use of digital measurement of medication adherence and lung function to guide the management of uncontrolled asthma (INCA Sun): a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised clinical trial
The clinical value of using digital tools to assess adherence and lung function in uncontrolled asthma is not known. We aimed to compare treatment decisions guided by digitally acquired data on adherence, inhaler technique, and peak flow with existing methods.MethodsA 32-week prospective, multicentre, single-blinded, parallel, randomly controlled trial was done in ten severe asthma clinics… Continue reading Use of digital measurement of medication adherence and lung function to guide the management of uncontrolled asthma (INCA Sun): a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised clinical trial
Early versus Later Anticoagulation for Stroke with Atrial Fibrillation
The effect of early as compared with later initiation of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in persons with atrial fibrillation who have had an acute ischemic stroke is unclear.METHODSWe performed an investigator-initiated, open-label trial at 103 sites in 15 countries. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to early anticoagulation (within 48 hours after a… Continue reading Early versus Later Anticoagulation for Stroke with Atrial Fibrillation
Longitudinal biomarkers and kidney disease progression after acute kidney injury
BACKGROUND. Longitudinal investigations of murine acute kidney injury (AKI) suggest that injury and inflammation may persist long after the initial insult. However, the evolution of these processes and their prognostic values are unknown in patients with AKI.METHODS. In a prospective cohort of 656 participants hospitalized with AKI, we measured 7 urine and 2 plasma biomarkers of kidney… Continue reading Longitudinal biomarkers and kidney disease progression after acute kidney injury
Emotional sounds in space: asymmetrical representation within early-stage auditory areas
Evidence from behavioral studies suggests that the spatial origin of sounds may influence the perception of emotional valence. Using 7T fMRI we have investigated the impact of the categories of sound (vocalizations; non-vocalizations), emotional valence (positive, neutral, negative) and spatial origin (left, center, right) on the encoding in early-stage auditory areas and in the voice… Continue reading Emotional sounds in space: asymmetrical representation within early-stage auditory areas
Higher intake of dietary flavonols, specifically dietary quercetin, is associated with lower odds of frailty onset over 12 years of follow-up among adults in the Framingham Heart Study
BackgroundPolyphenolic antioxidants derived from plant foods may reduce oxidative stress and frailty, but the effect of the polyphenol subclass of dietary flavonoids and their subclasses on frailty is uncertain.ObjectivesTo determine the association between dietary flavonoids, their subclasses, quercetin (a specific flavonol), and frailty onset in adults.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included individuals from the Framingham Heart… Continue reading Higher intake of dietary flavonols, specifically dietary quercetin, is associated with lower odds of frailty onset over 12 years of follow-up among adults in the Framingham Heart Study
Imagined eating – An investigation of priming and sensory-specific satiety
While obesity remains a pressing issue, the wider population continues to be exposed to more digital food content than ever before. Much research has demonstrated the priming effect of visual food content, i.e., exposure to food cues increasing appetite and food intake. In contrast, some recent research points out that repeated imagined consumption can facilitate… Continue reading Imagined eating – An investigation of priming and sensory-specific satiety
Population-Wide Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease
Background:Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have the potential to alter the natural history of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and they should be included in cost-effectiveness analyses of screening for CKD.Objective:To determine the cost-effectiveness of adding population-wide screening for CKD.Design:Markov cohort model.Data Sources:NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services data,… Continue reading Population-Wide Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease
High ultra-processed food consumption is associated with elevated psychological distress as an indicator of depression in adults from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study
BackgroundFew studies have tested longitudinal associations between ultra-processed food consumption and depressive outcomes. As such, further investigation and replication are necessary. The aim of this study is to examine associations of ultra-processed food intake with elevated psychological distress as an indicator of depression after 15 years.MethodData from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS) were analysed (n = 23,299).… Continue reading High ultra-processed food consumption is associated with elevated psychological distress as an indicator of depression in adults from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study
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