..Most estimates revealed no effectiveness differences between classes; however, #thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics showed better primary effectiveness than angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: acute myocardial infarction (HR 0·84, 95% CI 0·75–0·95), hospitalisation for heart failure (0·83, 0·74–0·95), and stroke (0·83, 0·74–0·95) risk while on initial treatment. Safety profiles also favoured thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics over angiotensin-converting enzyme… Continue reading Comprehensive comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line #antihypertensive drug classes: a systematic, multinational, large-scale analysis
Bedtime hypertension treatment improves #cardiovascular risk reduction: the Hygia Chronotherapy Trial
In this multicentre, controlled, prospective endpoint trial, 19 084 hypertensive patients (10 614 men/8470 women, 60.5 ± 13.7 years of age) were assigned (1:1) to ingest the entire daily dose of ≥1 hypertension medications at bedtime (n = 9552) or all of them upon awakening (n = 9532) ..Patients of the bedtime, compared with the upon-waking, treatment-time regimen showed significantly lower hazard… Continue reading Bedtime hypertension treatment improves #cardiovascular risk reduction: the Hygia Chronotherapy Trial
C-Reactive Protein Testing to Guide Antibiotic Prescribing for #COPD Exacerbations
Point-of-care testing of C-reactive protein (#CRP) may be a way to reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics without harming patients who have acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A lower percentage of patients in the CRP-guided group than in the usual-care group received an antibiotic prescription at the initial consultation (47.7% vs. 69.7%, for… Continue reading C-Reactive Protein Testing to Guide Antibiotic Prescribing for #COPD Exacerbations
Population-Attributable Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Associated With #Hypertension in #Black Adults
..The multivariable-adjusted HR associated with hypertension was 1.91 (95% CI, 1.48-2.46) for CVD, 2.41 (95% CI,1.59-3.66) for coronary heart disease, 1.52 (95% CI, 1.01-2.30) for heart failure, and 2.20 (95% CI, 1.44-3.36) for stroke. The prevalence of hypertension was 53.2% among non-Hispanic black individuals. The PAR associated with hypertension was 32.5% (95% CI, 20.5%-43.6%) for… Continue reading Population-Attributable Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Associated With #Hypertension in #Black Adults
Stress related disorders and subsequent risk of life threatening #infections: population based sibling controlled cohort study
..144 919 individuals with stress related disorders (post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress reaction, adjustment disorder, and other stress reactions) identified from 1987 to 2013 ..Stress related disorders were associated with all studied life threatening infections, with the highest relative risk observed for meningitis (sibling based analysis 1.63 (1.23 to 2.16)) and endocarditis (1.57 (1.08 to… Continue reading Stress related disorders and subsequent risk of life threatening #infections: population based sibling controlled cohort study
Association Between Limited English #Proficiency and Revisits and Readmissions After #Hospitalization for Patients With Acute and Chronic Conditions in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) in predominantly Anglophone settings face barriers to safe and high-quality health care.1,2 We examined whether emergency department (ED) visits or readmissions differed between English-proficient (EP) and LEP patients discharged with acute and chronic conditionsEP ..Patients with LEP and heart failure had an increased risk of a 30-day ED visit… Continue reading Association Between Limited English #Proficiency and Revisits and Readmissions After #Hospitalization for Patients With Acute and Chronic Conditions in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Potato ingestion is as effective as carbohydrate gels to support prolonged #cycling performance
We investigated the effects of potato purée ingestion during prolonged cycling on subsequent performance versus commercial CHO gel or a water-only condition. Twelve cyclists (70.7 ± 7.7 kg, 173 ± 8 cm, 31± 9 years, 22 ± 5.1 % body fat; mean ± SD) with average peak oxygen consumption (VO2PEAK)of 60.7 ± 9.0 mL/kg/min performed… Continue reading Potato ingestion is as effective as carbohydrate gels to support prolonged #cycling performance
Association Between High School #Personality Phenotype and #Dementia 54 Years Later in Results From a National US Sample
To examine whether personality during adolescence—a time when preclinical dementia pathology is unlikely to be present—confers risk of dementia in later life and to test whether associations could be accounted for by health factors in adolescence or differed across socioeconomic status (SES). Lower risk of dementia was associated with higher levels of vigor (hazard ratio… Continue reading Association Between High School #Personality Phenotype and #Dementia 54 Years Later in Results From a National US Sample
Regulation of #lifespan by #neural excitation and REST
..Here we show that extended longevity in humans is associated with a distinct transcriptome signature in the cerebral cortex that is characterized by downregulation of genes related to neural excitation and synaptic function. In Caenorhabditis elegans, neural excitation increases with age and inhibition of excitation globally, or in glutamatergic or cholinergic neurons, increases longevity. Furthermore,… Continue reading Regulation of #lifespan by #neural excitation and REST
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