The SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant is highly transmissible and spreading globally, including in populations with high vaccination rates. We aimed to investigate transmission and viral load kinetics in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals with mild delta variant infection in the community. MethodsBetween Sept 13, 2020, and Sept 15, 2021, 602 community contacts (identified via the UK… Continue reading Community transmission and viral load kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in the UK: a prospective, longitudinal, cohort study
Metagenomic analysis reveals the signature of gut microbiota associated with human chronotypes
Patterns of diurnal activity differ substantially between individuals, with early risers and late sleepers being examples of opposite chronotypes. Growing evidence suggests that the late chronotype significantly impacts the risk of developing mood disorders, obesity, diabetes, and other chronic diseases. Despite the vast potential of utilizing chronotype information for precision medicine, those factors that shape… Continue reading Metagenomic analysis reveals the signature of gut microbiota associated with human chronotypes
Effect of Low-Dose Methotrexate on eGFR and Kidney Adverse Events: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Low-dose methotrexate (LD-MTX) is contraindicated in advanced CKD, but kidney safety in normal kidney function or mild-to-moderate CKD is less clear. Methods We performed a secondary analysis for eGFR and kidney AEs using the randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial. Adults with cardiovascular disease and diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome were randomly allocated to oral… Continue reading Effect of Low-Dose Methotrexate on eGFR and Kidney Adverse Events: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Obstructive sleep apnoea and 12-month weight loss in adults with class 3 obesity attending a multidisciplinary weight management program
Although there is a strong association between obesity and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), the effects of OSA and CPAP therapy on weight loss are less well known. The aim of this study in adults with class 3 obesity attending a multidisciplinary weight management program was to assess the relationship between OSA and CPAP usage, and… Continue reading Obstructive sleep apnoea and 12-month weight loss in adults with class 3 obesity attending a multidisciplinary weight management program
COVID-19: stigmatising the unvaccinated is not justified
In the USA and Germany, high-level officials have used the term pandemic of the unvaccinated, suggesting that people who have been vaccinated are not relevant in the epidemiology of COVID-19. Officials’ use of this phrase might have encouraged one scientist to claim that “the unvaccinated threaten the vaccinated for COVID-19”.1 But this view is far… Continue reading COVID-19: stigmatising the unvaccinated is not justified
MRI-based (MAST) score accurately identifies patients with NASH and significant fibrosis
Patients with NASH, NAS≥4, and F≥2 (Fibro-NASH) are at highest risk for disease progression.➢Patients with Fibro-NASH are targeted for proof-of-concept NASH trials.➢MRI-PDFF and MR elastography are the most common primary and secondary endpoints in NASH trials, respectively.➢To identify Fibro-NASH, the MRI-AST (MAST) score was created based on these MRI techniques.➢The MAST score was proven to… Continue reading MRI-based (MAST) score accurately identifies patients with NASH and significant fibrosis
Once-weekly cagrilintide for weight management in people with overweight and obesity: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled and active-controlled, dose-finding phase 2 trial
Natural amylin is a pancreatic hormone that induces satiety. Cagrilintide is a long-acting amylin analogue under investigation for weight management. We assessed the dose–response relationship of cagrilintide regarding the effects on bodyweight, safety, and tolerability. MethodsWe conducted a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled and active-controlled, dose-finding phase 2 trial at 57 sites including hospitals, specialist clinics,… Continue reading Once-weekly cagrilintide for weight management in people with overweight and obesity: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled and active-controlled, dose-finding phase 2 trial
Vitamin D and Marine n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Prevention of Autoimmune Disease in the VITAL Randomized Controlled Trial
In observational studies, vitamin D has been inconsistently associated with reduced risk of several autoimmune diseases, and a large randomized, controlled trial has been lacking. Dietary marine-derived long-chain omega-3 (n−3) fatty acids decrease systemic inflammation and ameliorate symptoms in some autoimmune diseases, but no trials have tested whether supplementation lowers risk of developing autoimmune disease.… Continue reading Vitamin D and Marine n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Prevention of Autoimmune Disease in the VITAL Randomized Controlled Trial
Inequalities in Income and Education are Associated with Survival Differences after Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Nationwide Observational Study
Despite the acknowledged importance of socioeconomic factors as regards cardiovascular-disease onset, and survival, the relationship between individual-level socioeconomic factors and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is not fully established. Our aim was to investigate whether socioeconomic variables are associated with 30-day survival after OHCA. Methods: We linked data from the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary… Continue reading Inequalities in Income and Education are Associated with Survival Differences after Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Nationwide Observational Study
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