•Early-life antibiotics increase the risk of allergy in adulthood•Antibiotics cause short-term disruption of the microbiome and systemic metabolome•Dysfunctional mitochondria in the airway epithelium lead to exaggerated inflammation•Indole-3-propionic acid counters the detrimental effects of early-life antibioticsSummaryAntibiotic use in early life disrupts microbial colonization and increases the risk of developing allergies and asthma. We report that mice… Continue reading #Antibiotic-driven #dysbiosis in early life disrupts indole-3-propionic acid production and exacerbates #allergic airway inflammation in adulthood
Category: Pneumology
#Smartphone application versus written material for #smoking reduction and cessation in individuals undergoing low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer: a phase II open-label randomised controlled trial
BackgroundCounseling, nicotine replacement, and other cessation medications have been proven effective in smoking cessation. The wide-scale adoption of smartphones and other mobile devices has opened new possibilities for scalable and personalized smoking cessation approaches. The study investigated whether a smartphone application would be more effective than written material for smoking cessation and reduction in smoking… Continue reading #Smartphone application versus written material for #smoking reduction and cessation in individuals undergoing low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer: a phase II open-label randomised controlled trial
Adherence to the #low-fat diet pattern reduces the risk of #lung cancer in American adults aged 55 years and above: a prospective cohort study
ObjectivesThere is little evidence on the association between low-fat dietary patterns and lung cancer risk among middle-aged and older adults. To fill this gap, we comprehensively investigated the association of adherence to a low-fat diet (LFD) and intake of different fat components including saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids with incidence of lung cancer and… Continue reading Adherence to the #low-fat diet pattern reduces the risk of #lung cancer in American adults aged 55 years and above: a prospective cohort study
Older adults at greater risk for #Alzheimer’s disease show stronger associations between sleep #apnea severity in #REM sleep and verbal memory
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases risk for cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, hypoxemia during OSA has been implicated in cognitive impairment. OSA during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is usually more severe than in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, but the relative effect of oxyhemoglobin desaturation during REM… Continue reading Older adults at greater risk for #Alzheimer’s disease show stronger associations between sleep #apnea severity in #REM sleep and verbal memory
#Antibiotics Not Associated with Shorter Duration or Reduced Severity of Acute Lower #Respiratory Tract Infection
BackgroundAntibiotic use remains common for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of antibiotic use on the duration and severity of acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI).ParticipantsAdult patients presenting to US primary or urgent care sites with a chief complaint of cough and symptoms consistent… Continue reading #Antibiotics Not Associated with Shorter Duration or Reduced Severity of Acute Lower #Respiratory Tract Infection
Sleep #Apnea and Incident #Stroke in a National Cohort of Black and White Adults
Background and ObjectivesRacial/ethnic differences have been documented in the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and stroke incidence, yet racial differences in OSA symptoms or treatment and their relationship with stroke incidence are underexplored and may contribute to stroke disparities. We comprehensively examined OSA symptoms and their relationships to stroke incidence by race/ethnicity.MethodsData were collected… Continue reading Sleep #Apnea and Incident #Stroke in a National Cohort of Black and White Adults
Deciphering #Tachypnea: A Physician’s Perspective on Pathophysiology and Implications
Tachypnea, a rapid and shallow breathing pattern, is a clinical sign that beckons the attention of physicians, serving as a vital indicator of an underlying physiological disturbance. As physicians, our keen understanding of the pathophysiology behind tachypnea is pivotal in unraveling its implications and guiding us toward the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Join me… Continue reading Deciphering #Tachypnea: A Physician’s Perspective on Pathophysiology and Implications
NT-proBNP in Different Patient Groups of COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Purpose: NT-proBNP, a peptide biomarker synthesized and secreted by cardiomyocytes in response to cardiac load, has gained attention in recent years for its potential role in respiratory diseases. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a chronic and progressive inflammatory condition affecting the respiratory system, is frequently associated with comorbidities involving the cardiovascular system. Consequently, the aim of… Continue reading NT-proBNP in Different Patient Groups of COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Use of digital measurement of medication adherence and lung function to guide the management of uncontrolled asthma (INCA Sun): a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised clinical trial
The clinical value of using digital tools to assess adherence and lung function in uncontrolled asthma is not known. We aimed to compare treatment decisions guided by digitally acquired data on adherence, inhaler technique, and peak flow with existing methods.MethodsA 32-week prospective, multicentre, single-blinded, parallel, randomly controlled trial was done in ten severe asthma clinics… Continue reading Use of digital measurement of medication adherence and lung function to guide the management of uncontrolled asthma (INCA Sun): a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised clinical trial
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