AbstractImportance Hormonal contraceptive (HC) use is associated with depression. It is, however, unknown whether this is also true in the postpartum period when women have a heightened depression risk and are routinely offered HC treatment.Objective To examine whether HC initiation post partum is associated with the development of depression within 12 months post partum.Design, Setting,… Continue reading Postpartum Hormonal #Contraceptive Use and Risk of #Depression
Category: Pediatry
#Probiotics and #Fever Duration in Children With Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Importance Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are prevalent in children, prompting frequent health care consultations, especially among those with fever. Probiotics show potential as an adjuvant treatment for URTIs, but evidence in children is limited.Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a probiotic mixture containing Bifidobacterium breve M-16V, Bifidobacterium lactis HN019, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 in… Continue reading #Probiotics and #Fever Duration in Children With Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Gut #microbiota markers in early #childhood are linked to #farm living, pets in household and allergy
BackgroundChildren growing up on farms or with pets have a lower risk of developing allergy, which may be linked to their gut microbiota development during infancy MethodsChildren from the FARMFLORA birth cohort (N = 65), of whom 28 (43%) lived on a dairy farm and 40 (62%) had pets, provided fecal samples at intervals from… Continue reading Gut #microbiota markers in early #childhood are linked to #farm living, pets in household and allergy
OpenSAFELY: Effectiveness of #COVID-19 #vaccination in #children and sadolescents
Background Children and adolescents in England were offered BNT162b2 as part of the national COVID-19 vaccine roll out from September 2021. We assessed the safety and effectiveness of first and second dose BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents in England.Methods With the approval of NHS England, we conducted an observational study in the OpenSAFELY-TPP… Continue reading OpenSAFELY: Effectiveness of #COVID-19 #vaccination in #children and sadolescents
Maternal #Obesity and Risk of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death
Importance Rates of maternal obesity are increasing in the US. Although obesity is a well-documented risk factor for numerous poor pregnancy outcomes, it is not currently a recognized risk factor for sudden unexpected infant death (SUID).Objective To determine whether maternal obesity is a risk factor for SUID and the proportion of SUID cases attributable to maternal obesity.Design,… Continue reading Maternal #Obesity and Risk of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death
#Screen Media Use and #Mental Health of Children and AdolescentsA Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Importance Excessive screen media use has been associated with poorer mental health among children and adolescents in several observational studies. However, experimental evidence supporting this hypothesis is lacking.Objective To investigate the effects of a 2-week screen media reduction intervention on children’s and adolescents’ mental health.Design, Setting, and Participants This prespecified secondary analysis of a cluster randomized clinical trial… Continue reading #Screen Media Use and #Mental Health of Children and AdolescentsA Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Consumption of 100% Fruit #Juice and Body #Weight in Children and AdultsA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Importance Concerns have been raised that frequent consumption of 100% fruit juice may promote weight gain. Current evidence on fruit juice and weight gain has yielded mixed findings from both observational studies and clinical trials.Objective To synthesize the available evidence on 100% fruit juice consumption and body weight in children and adults.Data Sources MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases… Continue reading Consumption of 100% Fruit #Juice and Body #Weight in Children and AdultsA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Short Oral Antibiotic Therapy for Pediatric Febrile #Urinary Tract Infections: A Randomized Trial
Febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) in well-appearing children is conventionally treated with a standard 10-day course of oral antibiotic. The objective of this study is to determine the noninferiority (5% threshold) of a 5-day amoxicillin-clavulanate course compared with a 10-day regimen to treat fUTIs.METHODSThis is a multicenter, investigator-initiated, parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial. We randomly assigned… Continue reading Short Oral Antibiotic Therapy for Pediatric Febrile #Urinary Tract Infections: A Randomized Trial
The contribution of secondhand tobacco #smoke to blood #lead levels in US children and adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2015–2018
Lead is a major developmental neurotoxicant in children, and tobacco smoke has been suggested as a source of lead exposure in vulnerable populations. This study evaluates the contribution of secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) to blood lead levels (BLLs) in children and adolescents.MethodsWe analyze data from 2,815 participants aged 6–19 years who participated in the National Health… Continue reading The contribution of secondhand tobacco #smoke to blood #lead levels in US children and adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2015–2018
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