COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020. The knowledge of COVID-19 pathophysiology soon provided a strong rationale for the early use of both anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic drugs; however, its evidence was slowly and partially incorporated into institutional guidelines. The unmet needs of COVID-19 outpatients were taken care of by networks of physicians and researchers.… Continue reading Early Outpatient Treatment of COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis of 392 Cases in Italy
Tag: Environment
How nature nurtures: Amygdala activity decreases as the result of a one-hour walk in nature
Since living in cities is associated with an increased risk for mental disorders such as anxiety disorders, depression, and schizophrenia, it is essential to understand how exposure to urban and natural environments affects mental health and the brain. It has been shown that the amygdala is more activated during a stress task in urban compared… Continue reading How nature nurtures: Amygdala activity decreases as the result of a one-hour walk in nature
Thirdhand Exposures to Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines through Inhalation, Dust Ingestion, Dermal Uptake, and Epidermal Chemistry
Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are emitted during smoking and form indoors by nitrosation of nicotine. Two of them, N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), are human carcinogens with No Significant Risk Levels (NSRLs) of 500 and 14 ng day–1, respectively. Another TSNA, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl) butanal (NNA), shows genotoxic and mutagenic activity in vitro. Here, we present additional evidence… Continue reading Thirdhand Exposures to Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines through Inhalation, Dust Ingestion, Dermal Uptake, and Epidermal Chemistry
Spontaneous discovery of novel task solutions in children
Children often perform worse than adults on tasks that require focused attention. While this is commonly regarded as a sign of incomplete cognitive development, a broader attentional focus could also endow children with the ability to find novel solutions to a given task. To test this idea, we investigated children’s ability to discover and use… Continue reading Spontaneous discovery of novel task solutions in children
Passage of exogeneous fine particles from the lung into the brain in humans and animals
There are still significant knowledge gaps in understanding the intrusion and retention of exogeneous particles into the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we uncovered various exogeneous fine particles in human cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) and identified the ambient environmental or occupational exposure sources of these particles, including commonly found particles (e.g., Fe- and Ca-containing ones) and… Continue reading Passage of exogeneous fine particles from the lung into the brain in humans and animals
Association Between Time Spent Outdoors and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis
This study aims to determine the contributions of sun exposure and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure to risk of paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Children with MS and controls recruited from multiple centres in the USA were matched on sex and age. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to investigate the association of time spent outdoors… Continue reading Association Between Time Spent Outdoors and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis
Study: People Are Getting #Dumber
IQ scores have been steadily falling for decades, but genes aren't to blame – their environment is at fault. New research published this week in Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences of the United States of America examined the IQ scores of men born between 1962 and 1991. Researchers found that scores increased… Continue reading Study: People Are Getting #Dumber
Association of poor #housing conditions with #COVID-19 incidence and mortality across US counties
Poor housing conditions have been linked with worse health outcomes and infectious disease spread. Since the relationship of poor housing conditions with incidence and mortality of COVID-19 is unknown, we investigated the association between poor housing condition and COVID-19 incidence and mortality in US counties. MethodsWe conducted cross-sectional analysis of county-level data from the US… Continue reading Association of poor #housing conditions with #COVID-19 incidence and mortality across US counties
The temporal representation of #experience in subjective #mood
Humans refer to their mood state regularly in day-to-day as well as clinical interactions. Theoretical accounts suggest that when reporting on our mood we integrate over the history of our experiences; yet, the temporal structure of this integration remains unexamined. Here, we use a computational approach to quantitatively answer this question and show that early… Continue reading The temporal representation of #experience in subjective #mood
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