Despite the extensive study of predictors of cognitive decline in older age, a key uncertainty is how much these predictors explain both the intercept and age- and non-age-related change in cognitive functioning (CF). We examined the contribution of a broad range of life course determinants to CF trajectories. Data came from 7,068 participants in the… Continue reading Predictors of cognitive functioning trajectories among older Americans: A new investigation covering 20 years of age- and non-age-related cognitive change
Tag: Cognitive
Association of Dietary Intake of Flavonols With Changes in Global Cognition and Several Cognitive Abilities
APOE-ɛ4, late life cognitive activity, physical activity, and smoking, total flavonol intake was associated with slower decline in global cognition β estimate=0.004 (95% CI=0.001, 0.006), episodic memory β=0.004 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.006), semantic memory β=0.003 (95% CI: 0.001, 0.007), perceptual speed β=0.003 (95% CI: 0.001, 0.004), and working memory β=0.003 (95% CI: 0.001, 0.005) and… Continue reading Association of Dietary Intake of Flavonols With Changes in Global Cognition and Several Cognitive Abilities
Temporal patterns of energy intake and cognitive function and its decline: a community-based cohort study in China
Dear Editor,Worldwide, around 55 million people had prevalent dementia in 2019, which is expected to triple by 2050, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Lacking timely diagnosis and limited effective treatment for dementia make identifying risk factors crucial for its early prevention, among which dietary factors have received increasing attention.Recently, accumulating evidence from population-based studies… Continue reading Temporal patterns of energy intake and cognitive function and its decline: a community-based cohort study in China
Fitness tracking reveals task-specific associations between memory, mental health, and physical activity
Physical activity can benefit both physical and mental well-being. Different forms of exercise (e.g., aerobic versus anaerobic; running versus walking, swimming, or yoga; high-intensity interval training versus endurance workouts; etc.) impact physical fitness in different ways. For example, running may substantially impact leg and heart strength but only moderately impact arm strength. We hypothesized that… Continue reading Fitness tracking reveals task-specific associations between memory, mental health, and physical activity
Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial
IntroductionDietary supplements are touted for cognitive protection, but supporting evidence is mixed. COSMOS-Mind tested whether daily administration of cocoa extract (containing 500 mg/day flavanols) versus placebo and a commercial multivitamin-mineral (MVM) versus placebo improved cognition in older women and men.MethodsCOSMOS-Mind, a large randomized two-by-two factorial 3-year trial, assessed cognition by telephone at baseline and annually. The… Continue reading Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial
Spontaneous discovery of novel task solutions in children
Children often perform worse than adults on tasks that require focused attention. While this is commonly regarded as a sign of incomplete cognitive development, a broader attentional focus could also endow children with the ability to find novel solutions to a given task. To test this idea, we investigated children’s ability to discover and use… Continue reading Spontaneous discovery of novel task solutions in children
Gut bacterial isoamylamine promotes age-related cognitive dysfunction by promoting microglial cell death
The intestinal microbiome releases a plethora of small molecules. Here, we show that the Ruminococcaceae metabolite isoamylamine (IAA) is enriched in aged mice and elderly people, whereas Ruminococcaceae phages, belonging to the Myoviridae family, are reduced. Young mice orally administered IAA show cognitive decline, whereas Myoviridae phage administration reduces IAA levels. Mechanistically, IAA promotes apoptosis… Continue reading Gut bacterial isoamylamine promotes age-related cognitive dysfunction by promoting microglial cell death
To what extent does confounding explain the association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development up to age 14? Findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
BackgroundBreastfeeding duration is associated with improved cognitive development in children, but it is unclear whether this is a causal relationship or due to confounding. This study evaluates whether the observed association is explained by socioeconomic position (SEP) and maternal cognitive ability. MethodsData from 7,855 singletons born in 2000–2002 and followed up to age 14 years… Continue reading To what extent does confounding explain the association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development up to age 14? Findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Association of midlife antibiotic use with subsequent cognitive function in women
The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized to play a role in cognition and dementia. Antibiotic use impacts the gut microbiome and has been linked with chronic disease. Despite these data, there is no evidence supporting an association between long-term antibiotic use in adults and cognitive function. We conducted a prospective population-based cohort study among 14,542… Continue reading Association of midlife antibiotic use with subsequent cognitive function in women
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