A bidirectional relationship exists between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract. Foods containing bacteria that positively influence the gastrointestinal microbiome are termed, probiotics; compounds that promote the flourishing of these bacteria are termed, prebiotics. Whether microbiome influencing therapies could treat psychiatric conditions, including depression and anxiety, is an area of interest. Presently, no established consensus… Continue reading Food & mood: a review of supplementary prebiotic and probiotic interventions in the treatment of anxiety and depression in adult
Tag: microbiome
Reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes in retail raw milk
Background It has been estimated that at least 3% of the USA population consumes unpasteurized (raw) milk from animal sources, and the demand to legalize raw milk sales continues to increase. However, consumption of raw milk can cause foodborne illness and be a source of bacteria containing transferrable antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). To obtain a… Continue reading Reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes in retail raw milk
Environmental Factors and Host Microbiomes Shape Host–Pathogen Dynamics
In many cases, interactions among host, pathogen, and environment are insufficient to describe disease dynamics in the wild. The host microbiome plays an important role in host immunity, at the interface between the host and the pathogen, and affects disease outcome. The environment, as well as environmental microbiomes, influence the host microbiome, and also influence… Continue reading Environmental Factors and Host Microbiomes Shape Host–Pathogen Dynamics
Permissive microbiome characterizes human subjects with a neurovascular disease cavernous angioma
Cavernous angiomas (CA) are common vascular anomalies causing brain hemorrhage. Based on mouse studies, roles of gram-negative bacteria and altered intestinal homeostasis have been implicated in CA pathogenesis, and pilot study had suggested potential microbiome differences between non-CA and CA individuals based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We here assess microbiome differences in a larger… Continue reading Permissive microbiome characterizes human subjects with a neurovascular disease cavernous angioma
Adverse effects of electronic #cigarettes on the disease-naive oral #microbiome
Six percent of Americans, including 3 million high schoolers, use e-cigarettes, which contain potentially toxic substances, volatile organic compounds, and metals. We present the first human study on the effects of e-cigarette exposure in the oral cavity. By interrogating both immunoinflammatory responses and microbial functional dynamics, we discovered pathogen overrepresentation, higher virulence signatures, and a… Continue reading Adverse effects of electronic #cigarettes on the disease-naive oral #microbiome
Sputum #microbiome profiles identify severe #asthma phenotypes of relative stability at 12-18 months
..Data were available for 100 severe asthma subjects (median age: 55 yrs, 42% males). Two microbiome-driven clusters were identified, characterized by differences in asthma onset, smoking status, residential locations, percentage of blood and/or sputum neutrophils and macrophages, lung spirometry, and concurrent asthma medications (all p-values <.05). Cluster 2 patients displayed a commensal-deficient bacterial profile which… Continue reading Sputum #microbiome profiles identify severe #asthma phenotypes of relative stability at 12-18 months
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