BackgroundAlthough the contribution of the circadian clock to metabolic regulation is widely recognized, the role of eating timing in glucose metabolism and diabetes risk remains insufficiently studied. This study aimed (i) to investigate the link between the eating timing pattern relative to individual clock and glucose homoeostasis and (ii) to explore the contribution of genetic… Continue reading Later #eating #timing in relation to an individual internal clock is associated with lower #insulin sensitivity and affected by genetic factors
Tag: insulin
Proteomic predictors of individualized nutrient-specific #insulin secretion in #health and #disease
Insulin secretion to 3 model macronutrients in 140 human islet donors is defined•Deep phenotyping and multi-omics reveal personalized nutrient-specific insulin release•A subset of donors with a unique proteome exhibits large insulin responses to lipids•Nutrient responsiveness in stem cell-derived islets is dysregulatedSummaryPopulation-level variation and mechanisms behind insulin secretion in response to carbohydrate, protein, and fat remain… Continue reading Proteomic predictors of individualized nutrient-specific #insulin secretion in #health and #disease
Sex differences in #adipose #insulin resistance are linked to #obesity, lipolysis and insulin receptor substrate 1
Background/ObjectiveInsulin resistance is more prominent in men than women. If this involves adipose tissue is unknown and was presently examined.Subjects/MethodsAdipoIR (in vivo adipose insulin resistance index) was measured in 2344 women and 787 men. In 259 of the women and 54 of the men, insulin induced inhibition of lipolysis (acylglycerol breakdown) and stimulation of lipogenesis… Continue reading Sex differences in #adipose #insulin resistance are linked to #obesity, lipolysis and insulin receptor substrate 1
Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec vs Once-Daily Insulin Degludec in Adults With Insulin-Naive Type 2 DiabetesThe ONWARDS 3 Randomized Clinical Trial
Once-weekly insulin icodec could provide a simpler dosing alternative to daily basal insulin in people with type 2 diabetes.Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-weekly icodec vs once-daily insulin degludec in people with insulin-naive type 2 diabetes.Design, Setting, and Participants Randomized, double-masked, noninferiority, treat-to-target, phase 3a trial conducted from March 2021 to June 2022 at… Continue reading Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec vs Once-Daily Insulin Degludec in Adults With Insulin-Naive Type 2 DiabetesThe ONWARDS 3 Randomized Clinical Trial
FGF1 and insulin control lipolysis by convergent pathways
Highlights•FGF1-FGFR1 signaling suppresses adipose lipolysis to curb hepatic glucose production•FGF1 suppresses lipolysis by inhibiting cAMP/PKA axis via PDE4D-S44 phosphorylation•Overexpression of PDE4D in the adipose tissue of diabetic mice corrects hyperglycemia•FGF1/PDE4D antilipolytic pathway is responsive to fed/fast states SummaryInexorable increases in insulin resistance, lipolysis, and hepatic glucose production (HGP) are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes. Previously,… Continue reading FGF1 and insulin control lipolysis by convergent pathways
The #carbohydrate-insulin model: a physiological perspective on the #obesity pandemic
According to a commonly held view, the obesity pandemic is caused by overconsumption of modern, highly palatable, energy-dense processed foods, exacerbated by a sedentary lifestyle. However, obesity rates remain at historic highs, despite a persistent focus on eating less and moving more, as guided by the energy balance model (EBM). This public health failure may… Continue reading The #carbohydrate-insulin model: a physiological perspective on the #obesity pandemic
Intact Fasting #Insulin Identifies Nonalcoholic Fatty #Liver Disease in Patients Without Diabetes
Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are characterized by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism. However, insulin resistance measurements have not been shown to be good diagnostic tools to predict NAFLD in prior studies. ObjectiveWe aimed to assess a newly validated method to measure intact molecules of insulin by mass spectrometry to predict NAFLD. MethodsPatients underwent… Continue reading Intact Fasting #Insulin Identifies Nonalcoholic Fatty #Liver Disease in Patients Without Diabetes
A Randomized, Open-Label Comparison of Once-Weekly #Insulin Icodec Titration Strategies Versus Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100
Insulin icodec is a novel once-weekly basal insulin analog. This trial investigated the efficacy and safety of icodec using different once-weekly titration algorithms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a phase 2, randomized, open-label, 16-week, treat-to-target study. Insulin-naïve adults (n = 205) with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c 7–10% while treated with oral glucose-lowering medications… Continue reading A Randomized, Open-Label Comparison of Once-Weekly #Insulin Icodec Titration Strategies Versus Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100
Once-Weekly #Insulin for Type 2 #Diabetes without Previous Insulin Treatment
It is thought that a reduction in the frequency of basal insulin injections might facilitate treatment acceptance and adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes. Insulin icodec is a basal insulin analogue designed for once-weekly administration that is in development for the treatment of diabetes We conducted a 26-week, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, phase 2 trial… Continue reading Once-Weekly #Insulin for Type 2 #Diabetes without Previous Insulin Treatment
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