To understand how aging affects functional decline and increases disease risk, it is necessary to develop measures of how fast a person is aging. Using data from the Dunedin Study, we introduce an accurate and reliable measure for the rate of longitudinal aging derived from cross-sectional brain magnetic resonance imaging, that is, the Dunedin Pace… Continue reading DunedinPACNI estimates the longitudinal Pace of #Aging from a single brain #image to track health and disease
Category: Tech
Preventing #pressure #ulcers by increasing pressure: An unorthodox alternating-pressure mattress
Despite the devastating effects of pressure ulcers (PUs), little is understood about how they can be prevented using alternating-pressure (AP) mattresses. Such mattresses typically aim to minimize the pressures imparted while alternating between different states of pressure to prevent areas of tissue from being persistently occluded of blood flow. In this work, we built an… Continue reading Preventing #pressure #ulcers by increasing pressure: An unorthodox alternating-pressure mattress
Hybrid hydrogel–extracellular matrix scaffolds identify biochemical and mechanical signatures of #cardiac #ageing
Extracellular matrix remodelling of cardiac tissue is a key contributor to age-related cardiovascular disease and dysfunction. Such remodelling is multifaceted including changes to the biochemical composition, architecture and mechanics, clouding our understanding of how and which extracellular matrix properties contribute to a dysfunctional state. Here we describe a decellularized extracellular matrix–synthetic hydrogel hybrid scaffold that… Continue reading Hybrid hydrogel–extracellular matrix scaffolds identify biochemical and mechanical signatures of #cardiac #ageing
Your #Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of #Cognitive Debt when Using an #AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task
This study explores the neural and behavioral consequences of LLM-assisted essay writing. Participants were divided into three groups: LLM, Search Engine, and Brain-only (no tools). Each completed three sessions under the same condition. In a fourth session, LLM users were reassigned to Brain-only group (LLM-to-Brain), and Brain-only users were reassigned to LLM condition (Brain-to-LLM). A… Continue reading Your #Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of #Cognitive Debt when Using an #AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task
Human– #AI collectives most accurately #diagnose #clinical vignettes
Large language models (LLMs) have great potential for high-stakes applications such as medical diagnostics but face challenges including hallucinations, biases, and lack of common sense. We address these limitations through a hybrid human–AI system that combines physicians’ expertise with LLMs to generate accurate differential medical diagnoses. Analyzing over 2,000 text-based medical case vignettes, hybrid collectives… Continue reading Human– #AI collectives most accurately #diagnose #clinical vignettes
Efficiency and Quality of Generative #AI–Assisted #Radiograph Reporting
Question Is clinical use of artificial intelligence (AI)–generated draft radiograph reports associated with documentation efficiency, clinical accuracy, textual quality, and ability to promptly detect pneumothorax requiring intervention?Findings In this cohort study, in 11 980 model-assisted radiograph interpretations in live clinical care, model use was associated with a 15.5% documentation efficiency improvement, with no change in radiologist-evaluated… Continue reading Efficiency and Quality of Generative #AI–Assisted #Radiograph Reporting
#Artificial #intelligence vs human #clinicians: a comparative analysis of complex medical query handling across the USA and Australia
PurposeThis study sought to explore the practical application and effectiveness of AI-generated responses in healthcare and compared these with human clinician responses to complex medical queries in the USA and Australia. The study identifies strengths and limitations of AI in clinical settings and offers insights into its potential to enhance healthcare delivery.Design/methodology/approachA comparative analysis used… Continue reading #Artificial #intelligence vs human #clinicians: a comparative analysis of complex medical query handling across the USA and Australia
A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis on the efficacy and potential of #mobile interventions for #stress management
The increasing prevalence of stress underscores the demand for effective, self-administered mobile mental health interventions, yet their efficacy and accessibility are still unclear. Here, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to classify self-administered mobile stress management interventions, compare their efficacy and examine their moderators. We searched PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus… Continue reading A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis on the efficacy and potential of #mobile interventions for #stress management
Mammographic classification of interval breast cancers and #artificial intelligence performance
European studies suggest artificial intelligence (AI) can reduce interval breast cancers (IBCs). However, research on IBC classification and AI’s effectiveness in the U.S., particularly using digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and annual screening, is limited. We aimed to mammographically classify IBCs and assess AI performance using a 12-month screening interval.MethodsFrom digital mammography (DM) and DBT screening… Continue reading Mammographic classification of interval breast cancers and #artificial intelligence performance
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