..SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Astrocytes play important roles in synaptic transmission by extending fine processes around synapses. In this study, we showed that a single exposure to an acute stress triggered a retraction of lateral/fine processes in mouse cerebellar astrocytes. These astrocytes express GluA1, a glutamate receptor subunit known to lengthen astrocyte processes. We showed that astrocytic… Continue reading Emotional #Stress Induces Structural Plasticity in Bergmann Glial Cells via an AC5–CPEB3–GluA1 Pathway
Category: Neurology
Mitochondrial and redox dysfunction in post-#menopause as risk factor of neurodegenerative disease: a pilot study testing the role of a validated Japanese functional food.
During the menopause women may experience increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant capacity and, together with the decline of neurosteroids, this represents a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The aim of the present study was to test a functional food (FPP-ORI, Osato Research Institute, Gifu, Japan) on redox and mitochondrial efficiency in post-menopausal women. The… Continue reading Mitochondrial and redox dysfunction in post-#menopause as risk factor of neurodegenerative disease: a pilot study testing the role of a validated Japanese functional food.
Adherence to a #Mediterranean diet and #cognitive function in the Age‐Related Eye Disease Studies 1 & 2
The objective was to determine whether closer adherence to the alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED) was associated with altered cognitive function.. ..Odds ratios for cognitive impairment, in aMED tertile 3 (vs 1), were 0.36 (P = .0001) for Modified Mini‐Mental State (<80) and 0.56 (P = .001) for composite score in AREDS, and 0.56 for Telephone… Continue reading Adherence to a #Mediterranean diet and #cognitive function in the Age‐Related Eye Disease Studies 1 & 2
A 2-year Double-Blind RCT Follow-up Study with Fermented #Papaya Preparation (FPP) Modulating Key Markers in Middle-Age Subjects with Clustered #Neurodegenerative Disease-Risk Factors
In recent years a number of studies have reported the significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and neurodegenerative disease. There is accumulating evidence that the interplay of combined genetic and environmental risk factors (from diet to life style to pollutants) to intrinsic age-related oxi-inflammatory changes may be advocated for to explain the pandemic of neurodegenerative diseases.… Continue reading A 2-year Double-Blind RCT Follow-up Study with Fermented #Papaya Preparation (FPP) Modulating Key Markers in Middle-Age Subjects with Clustered #Neurodegenerative Disease-Risk Factors
Research Five-year risk of admission to long-term care home and death for older adults given a new diagnosis of #dementia: a population-based retrospective cohort study
After diagnosis of a health condition, information about survival and potential transition from community into institutional care can be helpful for patients and care providers. We sought to describe the association between a new diagnosis of dementia and risk of admission to a long-term care home and death at 5 years.. ..age ≥ 90 yr;… Continue reading Research Five-year risk of admission to long-term care home and death for older adults given a new diagnosis of #dementia: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Primate auditory prototype in the evolution of the arcuate fasciculus
The human arcuate fasciculus pathway is crucial for #language, interconnecting posterior temporal and inferior frontal areas. Whether a monkey homolog exists is controversial and the nature of human-specific specialization unclear. Using monkey, ape and human auditory functional fields and diffusion-weighted MRI, we identified homologous pathways originating from the auditory cortex. This discovery establishes a primate… Continue reading Primate auditory prototype in the evolution of the arcuate fasciculus
α-Synuclein-specific T cell reactivity is associated with preclinical and early #Parkinson’s disease
..diagnosis of motor Parkinson’s disease (PD) is preceded by a prolonged premotor phase with accumulating neuronal damage. Here we examined the temporal relation between α-synuclein (α-syn) T cell reactivity and PD. A longitudinal case study revealed that elevated α-syn-specific T cell responses were detected prior to the diagnosis of motor PD, and declined after. The… Continue reading α-Synuclein-specific T cell reactivity is associated with preclinical and early #Parkinson’s disease
Emotional #stress induces structural #plasticity in Bergmann glial cells via an AC5-CPEB3-GluA1 pathway
Stress alters brain function by modifying the structure and function of neurons and astrocytes. The fine processes of astrocytes are critical for the clearance of neurotransmitters during synaptic transmission. Thus, experience-dependent remodeling of glial processes is anticipated to alter the output of neural circuits.. ..Significance statement Astrocytes play important roles in synaptic transmission by extending… Continue reading Emotional #stress induces structural #plasticity in Bergmann glial cells via an AC5-CPEB3-GluA1 pathway
Central sensory-motor crosstalk in the neural gut-brain axis
The neural gut-brain axis consists of viscerosensory and autonomic motor neurons innervating the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Sensory neurons transmit nutrient-related and non-nutrient-related information to the brain, while motor neurons regulate GI motility and secretion. Previous research provides an incomplete picture of the brain nuclei that are directly connected with the neural gut-brain axis, and no… Continue reading Central sensory-motor crosstalk in the neural gut-brain axis
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