...We included 11 new RCTs and cluster‐RCTs (610,872 participants) in this update, bringing the total number of RCTs to 78. Six of the new trials were conducted during the COVID‐19 pandemic; two from Mexico, and one each from Denmark, Bangladesh, England, and Norway. We identified four ongoing studies, of which one is completed, but unreported, evaluating masks… Continue reading Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses
Tag: influenza
Characterizing #COVID-19 and #Influenza Illnesses in the Real World via Person-Generated Health Data
The fight against COVID-19 is hindered by similarly presenting viral infections that may confound detection and monitoring. We examined Person-generated Health Data (PGHD), consisting of survey and commercial wearable data from individuals’ everyday lives, for 230 people who reported a COVID-19 diagnosis between 2020-03-30 and 2020-04-27 (N=41 with wearable data). Compared to self-reported diagnosed flu… Continue reading Characterizing #COVID-19 and #Influenza Illnesses in the Real World via Person-Generated Health Data
Distinct #inflammatory profiles distinguish #COVID-19 from #influenza with limited contributions from #cytokine storm
We pursued a study of immune responses in COVID-19 and influenza cohorts. Compared to influenza patients, COVID-19 patients exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface HLA-class II expression on select monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes was a significant predictor of COVID-19 disease severity. In contrast to prevailing assumptions about… Continue reading Distinct #inflammatory profiles distinguish #COVID-19 from #influenza with limited contributions from #cytokine storm
Association of postoperative #influenza vaccine on overall mortality in patients undergoing curative surgery for solid #tumors
Recent findings have found that the influenza vaccine induces changes in the immune system in favor of anti‐tumor cytotoxicity. The aim in this study was to investigate if an influenza vaccine given in the postoperative period decreased overall and cancer‐specific mortality in patients undergoing curative surgery for solid cancers. We conducted a registry‐based national observational… Continue reading Association of postoperative #influenza vaccine on overall mortality in patients undergoing curative surgery for solid #tumors
Association of acute myocardial #infarction with #influenza: A nationwide observational study
Influenza may precipitate cardiovascular disease, but influenza typically peaks in winter, coinciding with other triggers of myocardial infarction (MI) such as low air temperature, high wind velocity, low atmospheric pressure, and short sunshine duration.. Weekly laboratory-confirmed influenza case reports were obtained from the Public Health Agency of Sweden from 2009 to 2016 and merged with… Continue reading Association of acute myocardial #infarction with #influenza: A nationwide observational study
Baloxavir Marboxil for Prophylaxis against Influenza in Household Contacts
Baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) is a polymerase acidic protein (PA) endonuclease inhibitor with clinical efficacy in the treatment of uncomplicated influenza, including in outpatients at increased risk for complications. The postexposure prophylactic efficacy of baloxavir in the household setting is unclear.. ..A total of 752 household contacts of 545 index patients were randomly assigned to receive… Continue reading Baloxavir Marboxil for Prophylaxis against Influenza in Household Contacts
#Influenza #vaccine effectiveness 2019-2020 interim estimates
Annual vaccination against seasonal influenza is recommended for all U.S. persons aged ≥6 months. Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine varies by season. What is added by this report? According to data from the U.S. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network on 4,112 children and adults with acute respiratory illness during October 23, 2019–January 25, 2020, the overall… Continue reading #Influenza #vaccine effectiveness 2019-2020 interim estimates
Predictors of #mortality of #influenza virus infections in a Swiss Hospital during four influenza seasons: Role of quick sequential organ failure assessment
..Thirty-day mortality was 6.0% (25 patients). Multivariate analysis revealed that infection due to A virus (P 0.035; OR 7.1; 95% CI 1.1–43.8), malnutrition (P < 0.001; OR 25.0; 95% CI 4.5–138.8), hospital-acquired infection (P 0.003; OR 12.2; 95% CI 2.3–65.1), respiratory insufficiency (PaO2/FiO2 < 300) (P < 0.001; OR 125.8; 95% CI 9.6–1648.7) and pulmonary… Continue reading Predictors of #mortality of #influenza virus infections in a Swiss Hospital during four influenza seasons: Role of quick sequential organ failure assessment
Oseltamivir plus usual care versus usual care for #influenza-like illness in primary care: an open-label, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial
Antivirals are infrequently prescribed in European primary care for influenza-like illness, mostly because of perceived ineffectiveness in real world primary care and because individuals who will especially benefit have not been identified in independent trials.. ..The estimated absolute mean benefit from oseltamivir was 1·02 days (95% [BCrI] 0·74–1·31) overall, and in the prespecified subgroups, ranged… Continue reading Oseltamivir plus usual care versus usual care for #influenza-like illness in primary care: an open-label, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial
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