Month: Jul 2020

Cardiology

Statin adherence and risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality among dyslipidemia patients: A time-dependent analysis

Results have been mixed and uncertainty still remains regarding the impact of statin adherence on premature deaths. Thus, we investigated the association between statin adherence and risks of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality among dyslipidemia patients in South Korea.. We used data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) National Sample Cohort for the years 2003-2013, which included data on 107,954 middle-aged and elderly dyslipidemia … Continue reading Statin adherence and risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality among dyslipidemia patients: A time-dependent analysis

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Infectivology, Surgery

Association of Nonoperative Management Using Antibiotic Therapy vs Laparoscopic #Appendectomy With Treatment Success and Disability Days in Children With Uncomplicated #Appendicitis

Nonoperative management with antibiotics alone has the potential to treat uncomplicated pediatric appendicitis with fewer disability days than surgery.. ..Patient and family selection of nonoperative management with antibiotics alone (nonoperative group, n = 370) or urgent (≤12 hours of admission) laparoscopic appendectomy (surgery group, n = 698). Main Outcomes and Measures The 2 primary outcomes assessed at 1 year were disability days, defined as the total number of days … Continue reading Association of Nonoperative Management Using Antibiotic Therapy vs Laparoscopic #Appendectomy With Treatment Success and Disability Days in Children With Uncomplicated #Appendicitis

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Cardiology, Infectivology

Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Case reports of hospitalized patients suggest that COVID-19 prominently affects the cardiovascular system, but the overall impact remains unknown. ..Of the 100 included patients, 53 (53%) were male, and the median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 49 (45-53) years. The median (IQR) time interval between COVID-19 diagnosis and CMR was 71 (64-92) days. … Continue reading Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

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Infectivology

Pressurized #DNA state inside #herpes capsids—A novel antiviral target

Drug resistance in viruses represents one of the major challenges of healthcare. As part of an effort to provide a treatment that avoids the possibility of drug resistance, we discovered a novel mechanism of action (MOA) and specific compounds to treat all nine human herpesviruses and animal herpesviruses. The novel MOA targets the pressurized genome state in a viral capsid, “turns off” capsid pressure, and … Continue reading Pressurized #DNA state inside #herpes capsids—A novel antiviral target

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Diet

The ubiquitous flavonoid #quercetin is an atypical KCNQ #potassium channel activator

Many commonly consumed plants are used as folk medicines, often with unclear molecular mechanisms. Recent studies uncovered the ubiquitous and influential KCNQ family of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels as a therapeutic target for several medicinal plant compounds. Capers – immature flower buds of Capparis spinosa – have been consumed for food and medicinal purposes for millennia. Here, we show that caper extract hyperpolarizes cells expressing … Continue reading The ubiquitous flavonoid #quercetin is an atypical KCNQ #potassium channel activator

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Neurology, Psychiatry

Risk factors of excessive daytime #sleepiness in a prospective population‐based cohort

Although excessive daytime sleepiness is commonly evaluated in clinical and research settings using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, few studies have assessed the factors associated with its incidence in the general population. We prospectively investigated the predictors of incident and persistent excessive daytime sleepiness in 2,751 subjects (46.1% men, mean age 56.0 ± 9.8 years) from the CoLaus‐PsyCoLaus population‐based cohort (Lausanne, Switzerland) over 5 years. Participants … Continue reading Risk factors of excessive daytime #sleepiness in a prospective population‐based cohort

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Environment, Infectivology, Neurology

#Cerebrovascular and Neurological Dysfunction under the Threat of #COVID-19: Is There a Comorbid Role for #Smoking and Vaping?

The recently discovered novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 virus), has brought the whole world to standstill with critical challenges, affecting both health and economic sectors worldwide. Although initially, this pandemic was associated with causing severe pulmonary and respiratory disorders, recent case studies reported the association of cerebrovascular-neurological dysfunction in COVID-19 patients, which is also life-threatening. Several SARS-CoV-2 positive case studies have been reported where there are … Continue reading #Cerebrovascular and Neurological Dysfunction under the Threat of #COVID-19: Is There a Comorbid Role for #Smoking and Vaping?

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Neurology, Psychiatry

#Sleep patterns and #insomnia in a large population‐based study of middle‐aged and older adults: The Tromsø study 2015–2016

Epidemiological studies assessing adult sleep duration have yielded inconsistent findings and there are still large variations in estimation of insomnia prevalence according to the most recent diagnostic criteria. Our objective was to describe sleep patterns in a large population of middle‐aged and older adults, by employing accurate measures of both sleep duration and insomnia. Data stem from the Tromsø Study (2015–2016), an ongoing population‐based study … Continue reading #Sleep patterns and #insomnia in a large population‐based study of middle‐aged and older adults: The Tromsø study 2015–2016

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Neurology

Circulating asymmetric #dimethylarginine and #cognitive decline: A 4‐year follow‐up study of the 1936 Aberdeen Birth Cohort

The underlying mechanisms leading to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are unclear. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, may be associated with cognitive decline, but population‐based evidence is lacking.. ..Change in cognitive performance was assessed in participants of the Aberdeen Birth Cohort of 1936 using longitudinal Raven’s progressive matrices (RPM) between 2000 and 2004. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate … Continue reading Circulating asymmetric #dimethylarginine and #cognitive decline: A 4‐year follow‐up study of the 1936 Aberdeen Birth Cohort

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Cardiology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology

Association of Hepatic #Steatosis with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, Independent of #Coronary Artery Disease

Hepatic steatosis has been associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) but it is not clear whether steatosis is independently associated with risk of MACE. We investigated whether steatosis is associated with risk of MACE independently of the presence and extent of baseline coronary artery disease, assessed by comprehensive contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography (CTA).. ..Among the 959 subjects who had steatosis (25.5% … Continue reading Association of Hepatic #Steatosis with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, Independent of #Coronary Artery Disease

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Cardiology, Gerontology

Association Between Arterial #Stiffness, #Frailty and Fall-Related Injuries in Older Adults

..A cross-sectional study of a random sample of older adults aged 60 years and older was conducted. Main study parameters: arterial stiffness was measured by the determining the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI); Frailty status was defined using a 7-item frailty screening scale, developed in Russia. This questionnaire included question about falls and fall-related injuries. Orthostatic test and anthropometric tests were done. Medical history (comorbidity, medications), … Continue reading Association Between Arterial #Stiffness, #Frailty and Fall-Related Injuries in Older Adults

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Cardiology, Diet

Dietary intake of total, animal, and #plant #proteins and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

..32 prospective cohort studies were included in the systematic review and 31 in the meta-analysis. During the follow-up period of 3.5 to 32 years, 113 039 deaths (16 429‬ from cardiovascular disease and 22 303‬ from cancer) occurred among 715 128 participants. Intake of total protein was associated with a lower risk of all cause mortality (pooled effect size 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.89 to 0.99, I2=58.4%, P<0.001). Intake … Continue reading Dietary intake of total, animal, and #plant #proteins and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

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